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1、AmericanLiterature杨全芳：0702014504刘竹会：0702014505刘迎春：0702014506Edwin Arlington Robinson(December22,1869-April6,1935)LifeIdentitylSonofMaryElizabethPalmerandEdwardRobinson.ldescendantofAnneBradstreet.lworkedinobscurityuntilgrantedajobintheNewYorkcustomhousebyPresidentTheodoreRoosevelt,anadmirerofhispoet
2、ry.Chronology1869:borninHeadTide,Maine,grewupinGardiner,Maine.PeopleheencounteredwhilegrowingupinthissmallNewEnglandtownbecametheinspirationforthecharactersinhispoemsyearslater.1891-1893:studiedatHarvard.Leftaftertwoyearsduetofathersillness.PublishedhisfirstpoemsduringtheseyearsinHarvardAdvocate.189
3、3-1896:supportedhimselfwithworkinBostonandGardinerforanumberofyearswhileattemptingtodevotehimselffullytohispoetry.DidfreelancewritingformagazinesandpublicationsintheNewEnglandarea.Chronology1896:publishedhisfirst,fullcollectionofpoetry,TheTorrentandtheNightBefore,athisownexpense.1899:workedasaconfid
4、enceclerktoHarvardPresidentCharlesW.Eliot.InOctober,movedtoNewYorkCityandsettledinGreenwichVillage.Heldvarietyofjobsthere,includingworkasatimecheckerforconstructionofIRTsubway.1903-1904:begantodrinkheavily,possiblyduetodepressionfromlackofprofessionalsuccessanddifficultyingettinghisworkpublished.u19
5、05:hispoetrygetstheattentionofPresidentTheodoreRoosevelt,whoquicklybecomesanadmirerofhiswork.Inanactofpatronage,RooseveltappointshimtoajobataNewYorkCitycustomhouse,whereheworkeduntil1909.u1910:publishedTheTownDowntheRiver(dedicatedtoRoosevelt)andTheManAgainsttheSky(1916).Bothbookswereinstrumentaling
6、aininghimwiderattentionasapoet.l1921:wonfirstofthethreePulitzerPrizesthathewouldreceiveinhislife,forCollectedPoems.AlsopublishedAvonsHarvest.l1924:wonhissecondPulitzerPrizeofhiscareerforTheManWhoDiedTwice,publishedthatsameyear.l1927:publishedTristram,thirdandfinalbookinhisArthurianseries.Itwasalsoth
7、ethirdbookofpoetrytowinRobinsonaPulitzerPrize.EdwinArlingtonRobinsonspoetryhasbeenconsideredbysomeliterarycriticstobethestylisticbenchmarkforEnglish/Americanpoetry.Robinsonspoetrywasstylisticallysimpleandneat,anditfitsthecommonpreconceptionthateveryoneseemstothinkofwhentheyhearthewordpoetry.Itrhymes
8、,withbasicrhymeschemes,hassimplefeetandmeter,andhasaconsciouslylyrical,musicalconstruction.IssuesandThemesHisworksTheTorrentandtheNightBeforeTheChildrenoftheNightTheTownDowntheRiverCaptainCraigMiniverCheevyTheHouseontheHillRichard Cory WheneverRichardCorywentdowntown,Wepeopleonthepavementlookedathim
9、:Hewasagentlemanfromsoletocrown,Cleanfavored,andimperiallyslim.理查德科里一到城里，人们都在过道上仰观：他是一位绅士，形体俊秀，风度翩翩。Andhewasalwaysquietlyarrayed,Andhewasalwayshumanwhenhetalked;Butstillheflutteredpulseswhenhesaid,Goodmorning,andheglitteredwhenhewalked.他时常衣着淡雅，讲起话来彬彬有礼，他道一声“早安”也动人心弦，走起路来金光四溢。Andhewasrich-yes,richert
10、hanaking-Andadmirablyschooledineverygrace:Infine,wethoughthewaseverythingTomakeuswishthatwewereinhisplace.他是富有不错，富比王侯温文尔雅、教养很高；总之，他让我们处处敬佩，让我们希望处在他的地位。Soonweworked,andwaitedforthelight,Andwentwithoutthemeat,andcursedthebread;AndRichardCory,onecalmsummernight,Wenthomeandputabulletthroughhishead.于是我们辛
11、勤工作，期待发迹，我们居家不食肉，对着面包生气；可理查德科里在一个宁静的夏夜，回到家用子弹射穿脑袋身亡倒地。Thepoemsstructureis,asIhavehintedbefore,simpleandclassic.Therhymeschemeissetupinabasicababcdcdefefghghpattern,withthelinesdividedupintofourstanzas,quatrainstobeexact.Thefeetandmeterofthelinesarealsoclassic.Theentirepoemiswritteniniambicpentameter,oneoftheoldestmetersusedinEnglishverse.