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1、一、字母教学资料1 .英语中共有26个字母。其中的Aa, Ee, li, Oo, Uu 5个字母被称为元音字母”这五个 元音字母是构成英语单词的核心。26个字母中的其它21个字母被称为辅音字母。2 .字母书写的规格斜度:每个字母都要稍向右斜约10左右,斜度要一样。 1D K WCb R 丫 5 . * * *,*大写字母的书写规格是:上不顶天下立地。F C E G H I J L N P占中间格的小写字母有a, c, e, m, n, o, r, s, u, v, w, x, z 13个。c emu or s v w az占一格、二格的小写字母有b, d, h, k, 1共5个,它们笔画的上端
2、必需顶第一线。fjI7力 1力k、I. 小写字母i和t也占一格、二格。但t的上端在第一格中间,短横重合其次线。占二格、三格的小写字母有g, q, y 3个,顶端要紧贴其次线,下端要紧贴第四线夕夕夕.V.XetSZ. 占i格、二格、三格的小写字母有f, j, p 3个。其中p的上端略高于其次线。7字母按所含音素归类表:/ei /字母:AaHhJjKk音标:eieitfdseikeiIvJ字母:Bb CcDdEe GgPpTtVv音标:bi:si:di:i:d3i:pi:ti:vi:Zai/字母:li Yy音标:ai wai/ 9U/Oo /9U /ju:/字母:Uu QqWw音标:/ju:/ /
3、kju:/dAblju:/e/字母:FfLIMm NnSs XxZz音标:/ef/el/em/en/es/eks/zed/I am.You are.He/She/It is.We/You/They are.I am not.You are not.He/She/It is not.We/You/They are not.一般疑问句及回答:将be动词提前,留意I am变成are youAre you. ?Yes, I am.No, I am not.Are you. ?Yes, we are.No, we are not.Is he/she. ? Yes, he/she is. No, he/s
4、hc is not Is it. ?Yes,it is.No,it is not.Are they.?Yes, they are.No, they arc not.2)句匚有行为动词do确定句否定句1 like.You like.He/She/Il likes.We/They like.I dont like.You dont like.He/She/Il doesnt like.We/They dont like.一般疑问句及回答Do you like oranges?Yes, I do.No, I dontDo you like oranges?Yes, we do.No, we dont
5、Does he/she like oranges?Yes, he/she does.No. he/shc doesn t Does it like oranges?Yes, it does.No, it does not.Do they like oranges?Yes, they do.No, they dont当主语是第三人称单数时,动词形式有以下几种改变: 特别:have has规则动词原形第三人称单数形式一般动词在词尾加-shelp 1汰e swim listen know play get findhelps likes swims listens knows plays gets
6、finds以字母S, x, sh, ch结尾的动词加-es,以o结 尾的动词也加-esteach goteaches goes以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先边y为i, 再加心study flystudies flics练可确;:我有一个足球。他有一个取翻译:()翻译:(否定句:()否定句:(t疑问句:(一般疑问句:(定回答:()确定回答:(球拍。) ) ) )Unit 6 Do you like bananas?一.短语归纳1 .Johns birthday dinner 约翰的生日晚餐 2.next week 下周 3.think aboul 思索、考虑4.how about 怎么样5.som
7、e fruit 一些水果6.his birthday 他的生日7.sport star 体育明星 8.eating habits 饮食习惯9.for breakfast 作为早餐lO.for dinner 作为晚餐 11 .one last question 最终一个问题 12.healthy food 健康的食品 二.重点单词词组1. like喜爱1) like sth.喜爱某物2) like to do sth.喜爱/想要做某事(表一次性或特指的某一详细的动作)3) like doing sth喜爱做某事(表习惯性的动作或爱好)我喜爱每天打篮球。Hike playing basketbal
8、l every day.我喜爱去上学。I like to go to school.2. want to be. “想要成为:想要变得”,动词be后接形容词或名词。I want to be a teacher. I don,t want to be fat.我不想变胖!3. good / well1)good “好的”,常用来修饰名词。a good sludenl一位好学生 That sounds good.(表语)2) well“健康的(指身体好)He doesnt feel well.他感觉不舒适。adv.“好”用来修饰动词,放在动词后。He learns English well.他英语
9、学得好。4. 很多1) lots of = a lot of 修饰可数或不行数名词。lots of / a lot of bananas lots of / a lot of water2) many 修饰可数名词 many boys many bananas3) much 修饰不行数名词 much water much broccoli5. Sports star体育明星sport作修饰语时通常用复数形式。如:sports meeting运动会sports shoes运动鞋6. ask sb about sth .询问某人关某事He asked me about (he meeling.他问
10、我关于运动会的一些状况。7. What do you like for breakfast?你早餐喜爱(吃)什么? I like eggs for breakfast.扩展:I likefor breakfast/lunch/dinner早餐/午餐/晚餐喜爱三.重点语法:可数名词与不行数名词:可数名词有复数形式,不行数名词没有复数形式。 可数名词:a pencil 一支铅笔 two pencils两支铅笔。名词复数改变规则:1 .一般在词尾加-s. bookbooksbagbags2 .以 s, x, ch, sh 结尾的名词,一般在词尾加-es. classclasses bus一buses
11、 pcach-peaches3 .以“元音字母+y”结尾的名词,在词尾加-s. boyboys toy-toys以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词,先将y变为i,再加-es。familyfamilies4 .以 f 或 fe 结尾的名词,变 f 或 fe 为 v,再加-es. wifewives knifeknives wolfwolves thief-thieves shelf-shelveslifelives5 .以 o 结尾的名词:有生命的加 es:NegroNegroes heroheroes tomatotomatoespotatopotatoes黑人英雄爱吃土豆西红柿无生命的加 s: p
12、hotophotos (照片)radioradios6 .不规则改变,manmen womanwomen tooth-teeth(牙齿)child-children7 .单复数一样:sheep deer fish people不行数名词:没有复数形式,假如要表示数量,用“计量单位词+of短语”来表示a glass of water 一杯水 two glasses of waler 两杯水 a cup of lea 一杯茶two cups of tea 两杯茶 a piece of bread 一片面包 two pieces of bread 两片面包Unit 7 How much are th
13、ese socks?一,词组how much多少钱 seven dollars七美元 white bag白色的包 clothes store服装店 at very good prices以很低的价格 for boys对于男孩子 skirts in red红色的裙子 Big Sale!大降价!twenty yuan 二十元 a pair of black shoes 一双黑色的鞋子二,重点词汇1.询问价格I ) r- How much is + 单数商品? How much are + 复数商品?C Its + 钱L Theyre + 钱这件红色的裙子多少钱? 100元。这条蓝裤子多少钱? 3(
14、)美元.2) CWhats the price of + 商品? + 钱这件红色的裙子多少钱? 100元。这条蓝裤子多少钱? 30美元.2. 询问数量 how many +可数名词,how much +不行数名词I)你有多少苹果? How many apples do you have?2)你想要多少水? How much water do you want?3. socks袜子,shoes鞋,shortsT.trousers裤了一等都是成双成对的物品,一般以复数形式出现,作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。但它们和a pair of (一双、一副或一对)连用作主语时,谓 语动词要与pair在数上一样
15、。The shorts are Toms. 这条短裤是汤姆的。The pair of shorts js Toms.这条短裤是汤姆的。4. Can I help you?我能帮助你吗?确定回答:Yes, please. . 否定回答:No, thanks. (.)help帮助 help sb do sth帮助某人做某事5. want sth想要某物1)我想要个苹果。want to do sth.想要做某事2)他想打篮球want sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事3)我想要他帮助我6. It looks nice.它看起来很美丽。look “看起来”,后接形容词作表语。看一看 f hav
16、e a look at +某物I look at+某物7. Til take it.我买了。8. 表感谢的用语:Thank you / Thank you very much / Thanks / Thanks a lot / Many thanks. 回答感谢的用语:Thats all right / Thats OK. Not at all. Youre welcome.9. c and buy your clothes at our great sale!我们在大甩卖,快来买衣服!1) come and do sth 来做某事J Come and see us.来看看我们吧。I Plea
17、se come and have dinner with us.请来跟我们吃顿饭吧。2) on sale出售;廉价出售for sale待售3) buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb.给某人买某物buy my mother a sweater = buy a sweater for my mother 给我妈妈买 了 件毛衣 lO.for的用法1)给的Is this apple for me?这个苹果是给我的吗?Here is a letter for your mother.这儿有你妈妈的一封信。2)作用(表用途)Do you need bags for spoils?
18、你须要运动包吗?I need a cup for milk.员须要一个装牛奶的杯子。3)就而言,对于来说For lunch, I like hamburgers and salad.午饭我喜爱汉堡和沙拉。For girls, wc have T-shirts in all colors.女孩子们可以买到各种颜色的T恤衫。4)以的价格(表交换、价格)You can buy socks for only 5 dollars each.你可以买到每双只卖5美元的袜子。 三,数字表达one ,two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine ,ten, e
19、leven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, twenty 从20到30,都是在twenty后加上one,two始终到twenty-nine30是Ihirly同理加上40 是 forty50:fifty60:sixty7():seventy80:eighty90:ninety100:one hundredUnit 8 When is your birthday?一,短语归纳:see you再见art festival 艺术节happy birthday生Fl欢乐 how o
20、ld 多大年纪 in August在八月English test英语测试school trip学校郊游 basketball game篮球竞赛have an English party举办一次英语聚会have a good time玩的开心二,重点词汇1 . months:月份:June六月July七月January 一月 February 二月 March 三月 April 四月 May 五月August 八月 September 九月 October 十月 November +一月 December 十二月2 .基数词变序数词口诀:基变序,有规律,词尾大多加上th。一、二、三,特别记,fi
21、rst, second, third;八去 3 九去 e, ve 要用 f 替(eighteighth, nineninth, fivefifth, twelvetwelfth) 遇到整十来结尾,确定将 y 变 ie 再加 th;(twentytwentieth, thirty-thirtieth)若是碰上几十几,只变个也就可以(twenty-one-twenty-first, thirty-fourthirty-fourth)3 . date of birth (诞生日期)=birthday1) How old are you?Im fifteen years old.4 .问年龄: How
22、 old +be +主语? 主语+ be +基数词years old2) How old is the baby? He is 10 months old.这个婴儿多大了?他 10 个月大。6. 问生日:When is your birthday? It is on July 2nd7. at / on / in 表时间“在”1) al通常表在某个点时间。al 8:00 在8:00 al 9:25在9:252) on通常表详细某一天或某一天的上/下午、晚上。on September 1 在9月1日 on a cold morning在一个寒冷的上午3) in表在某周/月/季节/年/世纪等。in
23、 1979 在 1979 年 in September 在 9 月份 in spring 在春天顺口溜:in年in月on日子at加钟点4)固定词组at noon 在中午 at night 在晚上 at this / that time 在这/那时 at the age of 20 在 20 岁时 on weekend(s)在周末 in the morning / afternoon / evening 在上午/下午/晚上8. see you./ Goodbye / Bye/ Byc-byc 再见see you later 回头见;一会儿见。see you tomorrow 明天见9. have
24、 a good time = have fun玩的快乐10. 各种节日的英语I 月 1 日元旦(New Years Day)2 月 14 日情人节(Valentines Day)3 月 8 口妇女节(Womens Day)3 月 12 日植树节(Tree Planting Day)4月1日愚人节(FoolsDay)4 月 5 日清明节(Tomb-sweeping Day)5月1日劳动节(Labour Day)6 月】口 儿童节(Childrens Day)8月1日中国人民解放军建军书(Army Day)9月10日中国老师节(Teachers Day)10 月 1 日国庆节(National D
25、ay)10月31日万圣节(HaHoween)12 月 25 口 圣诞节(Christmas Day)5月其次个星期日母亲节(Moihe/s Day)6月第三个星期日父亲节(Falhefs Day)II月最终一个星期四美国感恩节(Thanksgiving Day)农历节日正月初一春节(the Spring Festival)正月十五元宵节(the Lantern Festival)五月初五端午节(the Dragon-Boat Festival)八月十五中秋节(the Mid-Autumn Festival)Unit 9 My favorite subject is science.一.短语归纳
26、:favorite subject最喜爱的学科 play games玩嬉戏 on Monday在星期一 have math上数学课 have an art lesson上一节美术课for two hours两个小时二,学问点解析1. Whats your favorite subject?你最喜爱的学科是什么? =What subject do you like best?My favorite subject is math.我最喜爱的学科是数学。=I like math best.l)What*s your favorite. ?My favorite. is2) favorite前确定要
27、用形容词性物主代词或名词全部格。Whats Ginas favorite subject? Gina最喜爱的学科是什么?Her favorite subject is math.她最喜爱的学科是数学。3) favorite(美)亦可拼为 favourite(英)2. Why do you like math?你为什么喜爱数学?Because its interesting.因为它很好玩。3. Hows your day?今日过得如何? Its OK.还行。Great!棒极了!4. have +学科:上某一学科的课。Have an English class上英语课have breakfast
28、/ lunch / dinner 吃早饭 / 中饭/ 晚饭have a school trip开展校外活动have a party实行派对;举办聚会5. be busy with sth / be busy doing sth 忙于做某事Im busy with my homework = Im busy doing my homework 我在忙着做家庭作业。6. from.to. “从到”,用来表述时间、地点等范围。from Monday to Friday 从周一到周五 from Beijing to Shanghai 从北京到上海7. for + 一段时间:表示持续 了 多长时间。 I
29、 play with my sisterfor Iwo hours. 补充:1. Its Tuesday, November 11.今日是 11 月 11 日,星期二。I)日期和星期同时表达时,通常先说星期后说日期。2)句中il用来表示时间.2. be strict with sb.对某人要求严格be strict in sth.对某事(在某方面)要求严格l)Our English teacher is very strict with us.我们的英语老师对我们要求很严格。2)Our English teacher is very strict in our homework.我们的英语老师
30、对我们的家庭作业要求很严格。3. play with.和一起玩4. look, see, watch, readl)look为不及物动词,指看的过程,不确定望见。后接宾语须加at。2)see用作及物动词。后面干脆接宾语。“望见,看到”强调看的结果。“看医生”“看电影”常用 这个词。He looks at the blackboard, but cant see the words.他看了看黑板,但看不见这个词。see the doctor看医生(3)see a film/movie 看电影3)watch为及物动词。“观看,凝视”指特别细致聚精会神地看。“看电视”“看竞赛习惯用这个 词。waic
31、h TV看电视watch the football game 看足球竞赛4) read本义为“读,朗读”,“看书,喜报,看杂志”常用这个词read a book看书read the e-mail读这封电子邮件read a newspaper看报纸5. 辨析 interesting 与 interestedl)inieresting可作表语,指某人/事/物本身好玩;也可作定语修饰人或物The book is interesling.这书很好玩。(作表语)I have an interesting book.我有本好玩的书。(作定语)2) interested 用于 be/get./become
32、interested in.(对感爱好)这一结构中。He is interested in playing football.他对踢足球感爱好。6. on weekends 在周末7. play the guitar 弹吉他 play erhu 拉二胡 play chess 下国际象棋 play soccer 踢足球I)演奏某种乐器,乐器名词前要用ihe (汉语拼音组成的名词除外)2)球类/棋类运动,名词前不用冠词8. join / take part in 参与join多指参与某个团体或组织,成为其中的一员。take part in多指参与某项活动,并在其中起 确定的作用。join the
33、Party 入党 join the army 参军take part in the meeting 参与会议join in(参与某项活动)=take part injoin sb.加入到某人当中join us加入到我们当中9. 辨析 speak, say, talk, tell1) speak”说”,“讲话”。强调说的实力。作及物动词,只能接某种语言作宾语:speak +语言“说某种语言”。作不及物动词,”讲话,发言“ She is speaking.她正在讲话/发言。2)say说”,后面跟说的内容。 I can say ABC.我会说ABC.say hello to sb.向某人问好。say
34、 sorry to sb.向某人致歉。say it in English 用英语说(它)。3)talk谈论,交谈”。talk lo sb.对某人说话 lalk with sb同某人交谈 talk about/on 谈论4) tell”告知,讲解并描述tell sb. sth. = tell sth. to sb.告知某人某事 tell sb. about sth.告知某人关于某事tell sb. to do sth.告知某人去做某事tell sb. not to do sth.告知某人不要做某事tell a slory 讲故事 lell a lie 撒谎 lell the truth 讲实话1
35、0. Help Wanted 寻求帮助wanted常用于聘请或启事等的标题Teachers Wanted聘请老师Waiters Wanted聘请服务员11. be good with sb 和某人相处得好(同义 gel on well wilh sb.)be good lo sb 对某人好My teacher is good to me.be good for. 对有益 Learning English well is good for us.be good at. 擅长Lucy is good at English.12. help1) n.帮助U Thanks for your help.
36、感谢你的帮助。2) v.帮助help with sth.帮着做某事 Please help with my homework.help sb. with sth.帮助某人(做)某事 Could you help me with my English?help sb.(to) do slh.帮助某人做某事 Could you help me (to) learn English?13 .选择疑问句:用or连接的可供选择的疑问句。【可答选择疑问句不能用yes和no,选择什么答 什么。读选择疑问句时,or前用升调,oi后用降调。若选择疑问句中有三个火三个以上并列 部分,or用来连接最终一部分,前面并
37、列部分用逗号隔开。Can you play the piano, the trumpet, the drums, or the guitar?你会弹钢琴、吹喇叭、打鼓、还是弹吉他?I can play the piano.我会弹钢琴。Which is the smallest, the sun. the moon or the earth?哪一个是最小的,太阳,月亮还是地球?14 .辨析 little, a little, few, a few1) little, a 1 ittle修饰不行数名词;few, a few修饰可数名词。2) little, few表否定含义“几乎没有“,a lit
38、tle, a few表确定含义“一点儿,少量”There iswater in the cup.杯子里有点水。I know English.我几年不懂英语。There are apples on the table.桌子上有几个苹果。The stone is too heavy,people can move it.I5j- go to school 去上学 j- in hospital 在住院L go to the school 去学校 L in (he hospital 在医院里16. get up 起床 go to bed 睡觉17. what time / when都可对时间进行提问,
39、表示“什么时候what time用来询问详细的时间点;when既可用来 询问详细的时间点,还可用于询问时间段。I)询问动作发生的详细时间时,两者可互换。What time / When do you usually go to school? 你通常几点去上学?2)询问钟表示的详细时间时,只能用what time,不能用when。What time is it?几点 T ? = Whats the time?3)询问年份、月份、日期等非点时间时,只能用when,不能用whattimc。When is the Music Festival?音乐节是什么时候?18. 感叹句感叹句常用whal和ho
40、w引出强调部分,并放在句首,一般状况下,what修饰名词,how修 饰形容词、副词。1) what感叹句的结构为:ra/an+形容词+可数名词单数 】What+ J形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语+其他!-形容词+不行数名词JWhat a good boy he is!他是一个多么好的男孩啊!What an interesting book it is !多好玩的书啊!What delicious broccoli (it is) !多好吃的花椰菜啊!What beautiful flowers in the garden !花园中的花式多么美丽啊!2) how感叹句的结构为:How +形容词
41、/副词+主语+谓语+其他!How interesting the book is !这书多好玩啊!How beautiful the flowers in the garden arc !花园中的花式多么美丽啊!How well he draws !他画得多好啊!19 .People love to lislen to him!人们喜爱听他(演奏)。1) people“人,人们”,集合名词,没有单数形式,作主语时,谓语动词总是用复数。The people there are teachers.那儿的那些人是老师。2) hear / listen tolisten to听”强调“听”的行为,不确
42、定听见;hear“听见,听到,强调“听”的结果。Please listen to me.请听我说。I cant hear.我听不见。20 . Can you think what his job is?你能想出他是做什么工作的吗?what his job is是think的宾语,因它也是一个句子,故称宾语从句。宾语从句若是特别疑 问句,疑问词后面的部分应用陈述句语序。How old is he? Do you know how old he is?Whats your name? I want to know what your name is.21 . best wishes致以最美妙的祝福
43、best wishes to sb.向某人致以最美妙的祝福Best wishes lo you.向你致以最美妙的祝福。best wishes for +节日”致以节日最美妙的祝福”Best wishes to you for Teachers Day.向你致以老师节最美妙的祝福22 .时刻表达法1)顺读法:先说小时数,再说分钟数。8:00 eight (oclock)9:05 nine o five7:15seven fifteen7:30 seven thirty6:45six forty-five6:55 six fifty-five2)逆读法:先说分钟数,再说小时数分钟数53()用“分钟
44、数+ past +小时数”来表达(即几点过了几分)15分常用a quarler(一刻讯四分之一)来表示30分常用half(半,一半)来表示 9:05 five past nine 8:24 twenty-four past eight7:15 a quarter past seven (fifteen past seven)7:30 half past seven (thirty past seven)分钟数3()用“(60-分钟数)+1。+ (小时数+1)”来表达(即几点差几分)7:31 twenty-nine to eight 8:45 a quarter (o nine (fifteen to nine)9:55 five to ten3 .缩写词:PE体育课RMB人民币am上午pm下午IT信息技IQ智商ID身份证OK好4 .英语句子的书写句子开头首字母要大写,单词之间要有适当的距离,句末要有标点,英语句号是实心圆点。二、英语国际音标表(48个)元音(20 个)单元音(12个)长元音i:9:3u:Ja:短元音iauAeae双元音(8个)aiei0ilaeauaauau辅音(28 个)10对(20 个)清辅音ptkfls0ISVtrts浊辅音bdgviB3d3drdz鼻音(3个)mnn似拼