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1、Module 4 Unit 1 Advertising The third periodPage 6Lead-inLook at the following words and tell mewhat part of speech(词性词性)each word is.1.hope hopeful2.confuse confusing3.real really 4.decide decision adj.vt.adj.adj.adv.n.vt/n.vt.Lets read the dialogue and think about how the words in red are formed.A
2、:Do all ads play tricks on people?B:No.PSAs use some of the same methods as commercial ads,like attractive pictures and exciting language,but they are not meant to trick us.1.(adj.)commercial2.(adj.)attractive3.(adj.)exciting root words+letters =new wordsroot words(字根字根)(n.)commerce adding letters +
3、ial(vt.)attract+ive(vt.)excite+ingPay attention to the words as follows:a prefix(前缀前缀)a stem(字根字根)dis honest y 诚诚 实实不不a suffix (后缀)a prefixa stema suffixunreasonable 不 合合 理理 的A stem is the main part of a word.A prefix is a group of letters added to the beginning of a word.A suffix is a group of lett
4、ers placed at the end of a word .Sometimes an English word can be made up of three parts:a prefix,a stem and a suffix.3 parts of a worda prefix a stema suffix(改变意思改变意思)(本意本意)(改变词性改变词性)dishonesty unreasonable缀合法缀合法(affixation)：由词根附加前缀由词根附加前缀,后缀所构成新词的方法叫后缀所构成新词的方法叫缀合法缀合法。由缀合法产生的新词就叫由缀合法产生的新词就叫派生词派生词(d
5、erivation)。缀合法产生的词汇是英语词汇的主体。缀合法产生的词汇是英语词汇的主体。例如：例如：加前缀加前缀re+unite reunite(再联合再联合)加后缀加后缀employ+er employer(雇主雇主)加前后缀加前后缀un+friend+ly unfriendly(不友好的不友好的)Lets learn some common affixes(词缀词缀).TypeSuffixesExamples形容词形容词(adjective)后缀后缀 +y +ly +ic(noun.)+al +ous（充（充满满）+ful 有有.特征的特征的 +less(没有没有/无无)+ed(verb
6、.)+ing +able 可可/能能 的的 +ive health healthyweek weeklyhero heroicnation nationaldanger dangeroushelp helpfulhelp helplessmix mixedinterest interestingenjoy enjoyableattract attractiveCan you think of more examples?1.adventurous 2.sleepless 3.believableEg:n.beauty 美美/美人美人 (adj.)美丽美丽的的n.fame 名誉名誉/名声名声 (
7、adj.)著名的著名的n.fantasy 幻想幻想 (adj.)极好极好/空想空想的的We sometimes need to change or remove(移除)the final letter(s)of a word before adding a suffix.beauti+fulbeautifulfantas+tic fantasticfam+ousfamousBest Clothing ShopDo you want(1)_(love)and(2)_(attract)clothing atlow prices?Are you tired of wearing the same(3
8、)_(bore)clothes every day?Do you want to look smarter and more(4)_(energy)?We can tell you where you can find whatyou want.Best Clothing Shop has opened two new branches in thedowntown area!Our shopping environment is(5)_(friend)and(6)_(enjoy).Our low prices mean you dont have tobe(7)_(wealth)to loo
9、k great.Suits,jeans,shirts anddresses of various styles are on sale now.If you are one of the firstten(8)_(luck)shoppers this weekend,you will receive adiscount card.So come this Saturday to one of our new branchesand get the(9)_(fantasy)clothes you have always wanted!Ex1:Read the following advertis
10、ement and fill in the blanks.Form adjectives by adding the correct suffixes to the words in brackets.lovelyattractiveboringenergeticfriendlyenjoyablewealthyluckyfantasticTypeSuffixesExamples副词副词(adverb)后缀后缀 1.直接直接+ly 2.“y”结结尾且尾且读读ii 改改“y”为为“i”+lyadj.3.以辅音字母以辅音字母“le”结结尾尾,去去“e”+y 4.以以“ue”结结尾尾,去去 “e”+l
11、y 5.以以“ic”结结尾尾,+“ally”fortunate fortunatelyshy shylyhappy happilysimple simplytrue trulyenergeticenergetically注意：注意：1)有些以有些以“ly”结尾的词结尾的词是形容词是形容词不不是是 副词副词 eg:lovely，lively,likely 2)形副同形词形副同形词 eg:fast，hardEx2:Change the following adjectives into adverbs.1.quick 6.angry 2.gradual 7.lucky 3.extreme 8.dr
12、y 4.terrible 9.scientific 5.possible 10.automatic quickly gradually extremelyterriblyangrily possiblyluckilydrylyscientificallyautomatically自动的自动的Type SuffixesExamples动词动词(verb)后缀后缀+en+fy+ize strengthen deepenwidenbroadensimplifybeautifycivilize modernize加强加强加深加深加宽，放宽加宽，放宽加宽，扩大加宽，扩大使现代化使现代化简化简化美化美化使
13、文明化使文明化Type Suffixes(后后缀缀)Examples名名词词(n.)后后缀缀-er/-or/-ress/-ist-ness-(a)tion-ment-ence-ity-al-ance-ship(状状态态/情况情况)-hood-ism(主主义义)leader,visitor,actress,typistfondnesssuggestion,explanation agreement,dependenceequality arrivalimportancefriendshipchildhoodsocialismEx3:Add some noun suffixes to form t
14、he following words nouns.1.(n.)art (n.)艺术家艺术家2.(vt.)research (n.)研究者研究者3.(vt.)conduct (n.)售票员售票员/指挥指挥4.(adj.)kind (n.)善意善意5.(vi.)differ (n.)差异，不同差异，不同 6.(vt.)contribute(n.)贡贡献，捐献，捐赠赠7.(vt.)achieve (n.)成就成就8.(vi.)appear (n.)出出现现9.(adj.)similar (n.)相似相似处处10.(v.)approve (n.)赞同，批准赞同，批准artistresearcherco
15、nductorkindnessdifferencecontributionachievementappearancesimilarityapprovalThe following is a table of common prefixes:PrefixMeaning Examples un-im-in-dis-ir-il-non-(用在b/m/p前)No(不不/没有没有/无无/非非)（否定前缀否定前缀）(用在r前)(用在l前)unfair,unnecessary impossible，impolite inexperienced dislike irregular illegal nonsto
16、p re-do again(重新重新/再再)rewrite,redo mis-wrongly or badly(错误错误地地/坏地坏地/缺少缺少)misunderstand misbehavior (adj.)直达的直达的,不休息的不休息的(n.)品行不端品行不端,不礼不礼貌貌(adj.)非法的非法的preffix meaning examples(guess its meaning)ex-(以前的以前的)ex-president vice-(副副)vice-president fore-(前面前面,预预先先)forehead pre-(在在之之前前)prewar post-(在在之后之后)p
17、ostwar mid-(中中)midnight,midterm over-(过过度的度的)overwork hyper-(过过度的度的)hypersensitive semi-(半半)semicircle(adj.)过度敏感的过度敏感的Ex4:Guess the meanings(意思)of the following words:1.unfortunate 2.impatient 3.incorrect 4.independent 5.disagree 6.disappear 7.irrelative 8.nonexistent 9.rebuild10.recreate没有耐心的没有耐心的不
18、幸的不幸的不正确的不正确的独立的独立的不同意不同意不相关的不相关的不存在的不存在的重建重建再创再创消失消失 11.misuse 12.mistrust 13.ex-wife 14.vice-manager 15.forearm 16.postgraduate 17.overcrowded 18.overproduction 19.hyperactive 20.semiautomatic滥用滥用不信任不信任前妻前妻副经理副经理前臂前臂大学毕业后大学毕业后挤满的挤满的生产过度生产过度过度活跃的过度活跃的半自动的半自动的Conclusion1.Many English words share the
19、 same root word even though they have different meanings or parts of speech.2.When you come across unfamiliar(不熟悉的不熟悉的)words,what should you do?You can use the knowledge of affixation(缀合法缀合法)to guess their meanings.friendly adj.友好的友好的friend(n.)词根词根 unfriendly adj.不不友好的友好的Read Part A on page 7:produc
20、tmarket researchsales/marketing departmentconsumersmarket sharesales targetsales figuresWhat do they mean?Can you have a guess?Words-matchingq sales/marketing departmentq consumersq market shareq sales targetsq sales figuresq market research消费者消费者市场份额市场份额销售目标销售目标销售量销售量市场调查市场调查销售销售/营销部门营销部门Homework:1.Finish Part B on page 7 by using the words and phrases learnt in Part A.2.Finish Exercise 5 on your papers.3.Memorize the words learnt in this period.