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1、学习必备 欢迎下载 2012 届高考一轮复习语法专项十二：形容词和副词 比较级和最高级及其使用 形容词的比较级和最高级 说 明 例 词 一般情况 加 er,est smaller,smallest 以 e 结尾 加 r,st larger,largest 单音节词和少数多音节的形容词，加词尾 er,est 以辅音字母+y 结尾的词 改 y 为 i，再加 er,est busier,busiest 重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母 双写末尾辅音字母，加 er,est fatter,fattest 以 ow,er 结尾的双音节词 加 er,est narrower,narrowest clev
2、erer,clevest 多数双音节和多音节的词 加 more most more beautiful,most important 副词的比较级和最高级 1大多数以 ly 结尾的副词前加 more 和 most 来构成比较级和最高级。2少数单音节副词，加 er,est 构成其比较级和最高级。几个特殊的形容词和副词 原级 比较级 最高级 good,well better best bad,ill,badly worse worst many,much more most little less least 学习必备 欢迎下载 far farther,further farthest,furth
3、er old older,elder oldest,eldest 比较级和最高级的常用句型 名称 句型 例句 相等 as 原形 as (as 原形+名词 as)The train travels as fast as the 3:55 train.He has not as much money as his friend.不及 not as(so)原形 as (not asso+名词+原形 as)She is not as(so)beautiful as her sister.比较级+than Health is more important than wealth.超越 the+比较级+o
4、f the two 两者中较 的一个 He is the taller of the two.用于否定 no+比较级+than 和一样不 He is no richer than I.他和我一样不富有。用于否定 最不过 His work couldnt be worse.他的工作再糟糕不过了。程度递增 er and er，more and more+多音节词原级(越来越)higher and higher more and more important 两种情况同时变化 the+比较级，the+比较级 （越，越）The quicker you get ready,the sooner well
5、 be able to leave.三者或三者以上比较 the+最高级+of/in+比较范围 （之中最）Of all things in the world,people are the precious.比较级结构的修饰语 1用于原级之前：almost,nearly,just,exactly,quite,half,twice,three times,a third,etc.John is almost as tall as you.说明例词一般情况加以结尾加单音节词和少数以辅音字母多音节的形容词改为再加加词尾结尾的词重读闭音节结尾末尾只有一个辅音字母双写末尾辅音字母加以结尾的双音节词加多数双
6、音节和多音节的词加副词的比较级和最高级大词原级比较级最高级学习必备欢迎下载比较级和最高级的常用句型名称句型例句相等不及超越原形原形名词原形名词原形比较级比较级两者中较的一个比较级和一他和我一样不用于否定样不富有用于否定最不过他的工作再糟糕不过比较级结构的修饰语用于原级之前学习必备欢迎下载用于比较级前用于可数名词前用于形容词和最高级前高考重点要求位置与功能掌握形容词副词比较级最高级的常用句型及用法掌握形容词副词的原级比较级和最高级修饰语及倍数学习必备 欢迎下载 The river is three times as long as that one.We have a third as many
7、 students as we had last term.2用于比较级前 many,a few(用于more+可数名词前)It takes many more hours to go there by train than by plane.a lot,much,a bit,even,a little,still,a great deal,far,rather,two years,ten percent,three times etc.Its cold this year,but its even colder last year.We produced 6%more grain this
8、year than we did last year.3用于形容词和最高级前 the very,much the,by far the,the first/second This hat is by far the largest in the world.Gold is the very most valuable of all materials.位置与功能 高考重点要求 1掌握形容词、副词比较级、最高级的常用句型及用法 2掌握形容词、副词的原级、比较级和最高级修饰语及倍数的比较表达。3注意多外形容词修饰同一名词的前后顺序。4分清常用同义与近义形容词在表达中的语义差别。此项语法内容从 19
9、91 年到达 2001 年间共出现 45 次（包括上海题），可见其重要。形容词作用与位置 1定语。在名词前做定语，为最常见用法。请注意多个形容词（含其它起形容词作用的词）做前置定语的顺序。县官行令杀国才。这一句就概述了形容词顺序问题。即：限（冠词物主代词、指示代词数词等）观（描绘）形（大小、形状等）龄（年龄、新旧等）色（色彩）国（国籍、出处等）材（材料、功用等）an interesting English film a heavy black Chinese silk umbrella 说明例词一般情况加以结尾加单音节词和少数以辅音字母多音节的形容词改为再加加词尾结尾的词重读闭音节结尾末尾只有
10、一个辅音字母双写末尾辅音字母加以结尾的双音节词加多数双音节和多音节的词加副词的比较级和最高级大词原级比较级最高级学习必备欢迎下载比较级和最高级的常用句型名称句型例句相等不及超越原形原形名词原形名词原形比较级比较级两者中较的一个比较级和一他和我一样不用于否定样不富有用于否定最不过他的工作再糟糕不过比较级结构的修饰语用于原级之前学习必备欢迎下载用于比较级前用于可数名词前用于形容词和最高级前高考重点要求位置与功能掌握形容词副词比较级最高级的常用句型及用法掌握形容词副词的原级比较级和最高级修饰语及倍数学习必备 欢迎下载 做后置定语。修饰由不定代词 no,any,some，every 和 one,thi
11、ng 等构成的复合词或形容词短语。2表语。一定要注意系动词的出现情况。这是一个高考热点问题。常见系动词有：be 变化系词：become,get,turn,grow,go 保持系词：keep,remain,stay 感观系词：look,smell,taste,feel,sound,appear,seem,prove etc.3.形容词作状语，表状况、原因、结果等。这也是应注意的一点。He went to bed,cold and hungry.4.做宾补。N：某些以 a 开始的形容词只做表语，不做定语。afraid,alike,alone,asleep,awake，alive 某些表身体健康状况
12、的形容词只能做表语,不做定语 well,ill faint 某些以-ly 结尾的词是形容词而不是副词。friendly,lively,lovely,lonely,likely,deadly,orderly 等。复合形容词的形式问题。an 800-meter-wide river an English-speaking country a middle-aged man 副词 位置 1）时间副词和地点副词一般放于句尾。如同时出现，则地点副词在前。They went boating in Zhongshan Park yesterday.2)表频率的时间副词是高考的热点 always,seldom
13、,often,never,rarely,usually 等，通常放于行为动词之前，be词、情态动词和助动词之 后。He is always telling lies,so I will never believe him.3)程度副词一般放在被修饰词之前（但 enough 除外）He is very young,so he is not old enough to go to school.N:有些副词有两种形式，一个与形容词同形，一个以 ly 结尾，但它们的含说明例词一般情况加以结尾加单音节词和少数以辅音字母多音节的形容词改为再加加词尾结尾的词重读闭音节结尾末尾只有一个辅音字母双写末尾辅音字
14、母加以结尾的双音节词加多数双音节和多音节的词加副词的比较级和最高级大词原级比较级最高级学习必备欢迎下载比较级和最高级的常用句型名称句型例句相等不及超越原形原形名词原形名词原形比较级比较级两者中较的一个比较级和一他和我一样不用于否定样不富有用于否定最不过他的工作再糟糕不过比较级结构的修饰语用于原级之前学习必备欢迎下载用于比较级前用于可数名词前用于形容词和最高级前高考重点要求位置与功能掌握形容词副词比较级最高级的常用句型及用法掌握形容词副词的原级比较级和最高级修饰语及倍数学习必备 欢迎下载 义是不同的。closely-close nearly-near freely-free deeply-dee
15、p highly-high widely-wide 等。以 ly 结尾的词表较为抽象的含义，而与形容词同形的副词则表较为具体的概念。He is highly praised for what he has done.(高度地)He can see a bird is flying high in the sky.（飞得高，具有可见性）练1、练习、形容词和副词 高考题选：1.John has three sisters.Mary is the _ of the three.(MET88)A.most cleverest B.more clever C.cleverest D.cleverer 2
16、.The students are_ young people between the age of sixteen and twenty.(MET88)A.most B.almost C.mostly D.at most 3.She told us _story that we all forgot about the time.(MET88)A.such an interesting B.such interesting a C.so an interesting D.a so interesting 4.It is impossible for so _ workers to do so
17、 work in a single day.(MET88)A.few,much B.few,many C.little,much D.little,many 5.The horse is getting old and cant run _ it did.(MET88)A.as faster as B.so fast than C.so fast as D.as fast as 6.The story sounds_.(MET89)A.to be true B.as true C.being true D.true 7.Id been expecting _ letters the whole
18、 morning,but there werent _ for me.(MET89)A.some;any B.many;a few C.some;one D.a few;none 8.This year they have produced _ grain _ they did last year.(MET89)A.as less;as B.as few;as C.less;than D.fewer;than 9.After the new technique was introduced,the factory produced _ tractors in 1988 as the year
19、before.(MET90)A.as twice many B.as many twice 说明例词一般情况加以结尾加单音节词和少数以辅音字母多音节的形容词改为再加加词尾结尾的词重读闭音节结尾末尾只有一个辅音字母双写末尾辅音字母加以结尾的双音节词加多数双音节和多音节的词加副词的比较级和最高级大词原级比较级最高级学习必备欢迎下载比较级和最高级的常用句型名称句型例句相等不及超越原形原形名词原形名词原形比较级比较级两者中较的一个比较级和一他和我一样不用于否定样不富有用于否定最不过他的工作再糟糕不过比较级结构的修饰语用于原级之前学习必备欢迎下载用于比较级前用于可数名词前用于形容词和最高级前高考重点要求
20、位置与功能掌握形容词副词比较级最高级的常用句型及用法掌握形容词副词的原级比较级和最高级修饰语及倍数学习必备 欢迎下载 C.twice as many D.twice many as 10.The pianos in the other shop will be,but_.(MET90)A.cheaper;not as better B.more cheaper;not as better C.cheaper;not as good D.more cheap;not as good 11.-Can I help you?-Well,Im afraid the box is_ heavy for
21、you,but thank you all the same.(MET90)A.so B.much C.very D.too 12.-Excuse me,is this Mr.Browns office?-Im sorry,but Mr.Brown _ works here.He left about three weeks ago.(MET90)A.not now B.no more C.not still D.no longer 13.If we had followed his plan,we could have done the job better with _ money and
22、 _ people.(MET90)A.less;less B.fewer;fewer C.less;fewer D.fewer;less 14.Oh,John._ you gave me!(MET90)A.How a pleasant surprise B.How pleasant surprise C.What a pleasant surprise D.What pleasant surprise 15.-How did you find your visit to museum?-I thoroughly enjoyed it.It was _ than I expected.(MET9
23、1)A.far more interesting B.even much interesting C.so more interesting D.a lot much interesting 16.Canada is larger than _ country in Asia.(NMET91)A.any B.any other C.other D.another 17.Those oranges taste_.(MET91)A.good B.well C.to be good D.to be well 18.The experiment was _ easier than we had exp
24、ected.(NMET91)A.more B.much more C.much D.more much 19._ food youve cooked!(NMET91)A.How a nice B.What a nice C.How nice D.What nice 20.Go and get your coat.Its _ you left it.(MET92)说明例词一般情况加以结尾加单音节词和少数以辅音字母多音节的形容词改为再加加词尾结尾的词重读闭音节结尾末尾只有一个辅音字母双写末尾辅音字母加以结尾的双音节词加多数双音节和多音节的词加副词的比较级和最高级大词原级比较级最高级学习必备欢迎下载
25、比较级和最高级的常用句型名称句型例句相等不及超越原形原形名词原形名词原形比较级比较级两者中较的一个比较级和一他和我一样不用于否定样不富有用于否定最不过他的工作再糟糕不过比较级结构的修饰语用于原级之前学习必备欢迎下载用于比较级前用于可数名词前用于形容词和最高级前高考重点要求位置与功能掌握形容词副词比较级最高级的常用句型及用法掌握形容词副词的原级比较级和最高级修饰语及倍数学习必备 欢迎下载 A.there B.where C.there where D.where there 21.John was so sleepy that he could hardly keep his eyes_.(ME
26、T92)A.open B.to be opened C.to open D.opening 22.-Are you feeling _?-Yes,I m fine now.(NMET92)A.any well B.any better C.quite good D.quite better 23.Which is_ country,Canada or Australia?(MET92)A.a large B.larger C.a larger D.the larger 24.-Will you give this message to Mr.White,please?-Sorry,I cant
27、.He _.(MET92)A.doesnt any more work here B.doesnt any longer here work C.doesnt work any more here D.doesnt work here any longer 25.How can you finish the drawing?(MET92)A.often B.soon C.long D.rapid 26._ terrible weather weve been having these days!(MET92)A.How a B.What a C.How D.What 27.It takes a
28、 long time to go there by train.Its_ by road.(MET93)A.quick B.the quickest C.much quick D.quicker 28._ from Beijing to London!(MET93)A.How long way it is B.What a long way is it C.How long way is it D.What a long way it is 29.She doesnt speak_ her friends,but her written work is excellent.(MET93)A.a
29、s well as B.as often as C.so much as D.as good as 30.-Mum,I think Im_ to get back to school.-Not really,My dear.Youd better stay at home for another day or two.(NMET93)A.so well B.so good C.well enough D.good enough 31.-If you dont like the red coat,take the blue one.-OK,but do you have size_ in blu
30、e?This ones a bit tight for me.(NMET93)A.a big B.a bigger C.the big D.the bigger 32.John plays footbal_,if not better th an,Davi.(NMET94)说明例词一般情况加以结尾加单音节词和少数以辅音字母多音节的形容词改为再加加词尾结尾的词重读闭音节结尾末尾只有一个辅音字母双写末尾辅音字母加以结尾的双音节词加多数双音节和多音节的词加副词的比较级和最高级大词原级比较级最高级学习必备欢迎下载比较级和最高级的常用句型名称句型例句相等不及超越原形原形名词原形名词原形比较级比较级两者中
31、较的一个比较级和一他和我一样不用于否定样不富有用于否定最不过他的工作再糟糕不过比较级结构的修饰语用于原级之前学习必备欢迎下载用于比较级前用于可数名词前用于形容词和最高级前高考重点要求位置与功能掌握形容词副词比较级最高级的常用句型及用法掌握形容词副词的原级比较级和最高级修饰语及倍数学习必备 欢迎下载 A.as well B.as well as C.so well D.so well as 33.We all write_,even when theres net much to say.(NMET94)A.now and then B.by and by C.step by step D.mo
32、re or less 34.-Do you remember _ he came?-Yes I do,he came by car.(NMET94)A.how B.when C.that D.if 35.If there were no examinations,we should have _at school.(NMET94)A.the happiest time B.a more happier time C.much happiest time D.a much happier time 36.-Have you finished your report yet?-No,Ill fin
33、ish in_ ten minutes.(NMET95)A.another B.other C.more D.less 37.-Id like _ information about the management of your hotel,please.-Well,you could have _ word with the manager.He might be helpful.(NMET95)A.some;a B.an;some C.some;some D.an;a 38.If we work with a strong will,we can overcome any difficul
34、ty,_ great it is.(NMET95)A.what B.how C.however D.whatever 39.We decided not to climb the mountains because it was raining _.(NMET96)A.badly B.hardly C.strongly D.heavily 40.How beautifully she sings!I have never heard _.(NMET96)A.the better voice B.a good voice C.the best voice D.a better voice 41.
35、Tony is going camping with _ boys.(NMET93)A.little two other B.two little other C.two other little D.little other two 42.-How was your recent visit to Qingdao?(NMET95)-It was great.We visited some friends,and spent _the days at the seaside.A.few last sunny B.last few sunny C.last sunny few D.few sun
36、ny last 43.Can you believe that in _ a rich country there should be _ many poor people?(MET95)说明例词一般情况加以结尾加单音节词和少数以辅音字母多音节的形容词改为再加加词尾结尾的词重读闭音节结尾末尾只有一个辅音字母双写末尾辅音字母加以结尾的双音节词加多数双音节和多音节的词加副词的比较级和最高级大词原级比较级最高级学习必备欢迎下载比较级和最高级的常用句型名称句型例句相等不及超越原形原形名词原形名词原形比较级比较级两者中较的一个比较级和一他和我一样不用于否定样不富有用于否定最不过他的工作再糟糕不过比较级结
37、构的修饰语用于原级之前学习必备欢迎下载用于比较级前用于可数名词前用于形容词和最高级前高考重点要求位置与功能掌握形容词副词比较级最高级的常用句型及用法掌握形容词副词的原级比较级和最高级修饰语及倍数学习必备 欢迎下载 A.such;such B.such;so C.so;so D.so;such 44.Wait till you are more_.Its better to be sure than sorry.(NMET97)A.inspired B.satisfied C.calm D.certain 45.Professor White has written some short sto
38、ries,but he is _ known for his plays.(NMET98)A.the best B.more C.better D.the most 46._ to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills.(NMET2000)A.Brave enough students B.Enough brave students C.Students brave enough D.Students enough brave 47.Its always difficult being in
39、 a foreign country,_ if you dont speak the language.(NMET2000)A.extremely B.naturally C.basically D.especially 48.I am surprised that you should have been foo led by such a(an)_ trick.(2001 春招)A.ordinary B.easy C.smart D.simple 49.It is generally believed that teaching is_ it is a science.(NMET2001)
40、A.an art much as B.much an art as C.as an art much as D.as much an art as 50.-Im very _with my own cooking.It looks nice and smells delicious.-Mm,it does have a _smell.(2002春招)A.pleasant;pleased B.pleased;pleased C.pleasant;pleasant D.pleased;pleasant 51.Boris has brains.In fact,I doubt whether anyo
41、ne in the class has _IQ.A.a high B.a higher C.the higher D.the highest 形容词和副词 1C原题中的 three sisters 这一信息词语暗示考生要用最高级的形式。clever 的最高级有两种：the most clever，the cleverest 2 C mostly 是副词，意思是：主要地，修饰整个句子。用 most 时应为 most of the students；用 almost 通常说 almost all+n.3Asuch 与 so 修饰名词时可这样使用。说明例词一般情况加以结尾加单音节词和少数以辅音字母多
42、音节的形容词改为再加加词尾结尾的词重读闭音节结尾末尾只有一个辅音字母双写末尾辅音字母加以结尾的双音节词加多数双音节和多音节的词加副词的比较级和最高级大词原级比较级最高级学习必备欢迎下载比较级和最高级的常用句型名称句型例句相等不及超越原形原形名词原形名词原形比较级比较级两者中较的一个比较级和一他和我一样不用于否定样不富有用于否定最不过他的工作再糟糕不过比较级结构的修饰语用于原级之前学习必备欢迎下载用于比较级前用于可数名词前用于形容词和最高级前高考重点要求位置与功能掌握形容词副词比较级最高级的常用句型及用法掌握形容词副词的原级比较级和最高级修饰语及倍数学习必备 欢迎下载 so+形容词+a/an+可
43、数名词的单数 so many/few 十可数名词复数 so much/little+不可数名词 4Afew 修饰可数名词的复数；much 修饰不可数名词。5DA、C 项是语法错误。asas 之间不能用比较级形式。B 项也是语法错误，than 前没有比较级，把 than 变成 as 就对了。实际上 not asas=not more than 6 D sound 是听起来的意思。它是系动词，其后接形容词做表语。类似的系动词还有 look seem taste smell fell 7Asome 常用在肯定句中，而 any 常用在否定、疑问和条件句中。8Cgrain 是不可数名词。A 项是语法错误
44、，asas 之间用原级，B 项 few 不修饰 grain，D 项也如此。9C表示倍数的词与其他表示程度的副词修饰 asas 结构时，应放在其前面。10 C 该题考查了考生是否掌握形容词比较级的两种形式，该句可理解为：The pianos in the other shop will be cheaper，but not as good as those in this shop.11D此处可理解为 the box is too heavy for you to carry 12Dno longer 强调时间；no more 强调数量和次数。13Cbetter 这一信息词可暗示考生用比较级形式
45、，less 修饰不可数名词，fewer 修饰可数名词的复数。14Cwhat 与 how 修饰名词引起的感叹句：what+a/an+形容词十单数可数名词 what+形容词+可数名词复数 what+形容词+不可数名词 How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数 注意 what 的用法与 sach 相似，how 与 so 相似。且 give s B.a surprise 是惯用法。15A用来修饰比较级的副词有：a little，a bit；even still；far，by far；a lot，a great deal；much，any(用于否定、疑问)；rather 16A用比较级表示最高级的意思，用
46、 than+any other+单数名词(包括主语在内)或用 any+单数名词(比较范围不包括主语在内)。因加拿大不属亚洲。如，把 Asia 改为 North America，则 B 正确。17Ataste 是系动词，后接形容词做表语。B 项 well 如果是形容词，表示身体好。但Things are well with me 属于特殊情况。参看 6 题。说明例词一般情况加以结尾加单音节词和少数以辅音字母多音节的形容词改为再加加词尾结尾的词重读闭音节结尾末尾只有一个辅音字母双写末尾辅音字母加以结尾的双音节词加多数双音节和多音节的词加副词的比较级和最高级大词原级比较级最高级学习必备欢迎下载比较级
47、和最高级的常用句型名称句型例句相等不及超越原形原形名词原形名词原形比较级比较级两者中较的一个比较级和一他和我一样不用于否定样不富有用于否定最不过他的工作再糟糕不过比较级结构的修饰语用于原级之前学习必备欢迎下载用于比较级前用于可数名词前用于形容词和最高级前高考重点要求位置与功能掌握形容词副词比较级最高级的常用句型及用法掌握形容词副词的原级比较级和最高级修饰语及倍数学习必备 欢迎下载 18C参看 15 题。19D参看 14 题。20Bwhere 引导表语从句，且 where 在表语从句中做地点状语。21A当 open 做宾补时，一般用它的形容词，不用它的现在分词。又如：with his eyes
48、open/closed 22Bany 修饰比较级时，一般用于疑问句和否定句中。23D表示两者中最的意思，用 the+比较级。此句可理解 Canada is the larger of the two countries.24 D no more 与 no longer 变成 notany more 或 not any longer 时 any more 和 any longer要置于句尾，可参看 12 题。25 Bhow often 表示频率，与题意不符。how long 句中的谓语动词应用延续性动词，是多久的意思。D 项 rapid 是形容词不能修饰动词。How soon 的回答词用 in+
49、时间，因此，全句的意思是：在多长时间之内(或以后)你能画完画?且句中谓语是瞬间动词。26D可参看 14 题。weather 是不可数名词。27D此处可理解为 Its quicker to go by road than by train 28D参看 14 题。29 A 原题中的 but 与 excellent 两个信息词可暗示考生，且 not asas 相当于 not more than，因此，该句的意思是：她讲的不如朋友的好，但她的笔头好。30Cwell 是形容词身体好的意思。这是 Its+adj+enoush to do sth 句型。该句意思是：我身体已好，可以返回学校了。31B形容词的
50、比较级修饰可数名词的单数时，前面不要忘了加 a，泛指比较的-个。例如，This shirt is a little larger Could you show me a smaller one?32B是 29 题的创新。该句的意思是：如果不比 David 好的话，那么会跟 David 踢的一样好。if not better than 为插入语。33 A 从 even when theres not much to say 这一信息句可知。now and then 相当于 sometimes，occasionally 和 from time to time，B 项 by and by=soon，