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1、中考英语总复习：冠词、数词 冠词 1.种类：（1）不定冠词：a/an a unit/an uncle 元音开头的可数名词前用 an:an egg/an apple/an orange/an eraser/an answer/an ID card/an alarm clock/（2）定冠词：the the egg the plane 2.用法:不定冠词用法；（1）用来表示“”的意思，但不强调数的观念，只说明名词为不特定者。即不具体说明是何人何物。（2）不定冠词含有“”的意思，但数量观念没有 one 强烈，在句子里边一般可以不必译出，但若有“一个”的意思则译出，（3）一般用在可数名词单数前，指人或
2、事物的某一种类。（4.）固定搭配。a lot Of,a lot,a little,a few,a glass Of,such aan,have a word with,have a look,have a try,have a swim,a quarter,half an hour,three times a day,have a talk,give a talk,en Yuan a kilo 定冠词的用法：（1）特指某（些）人或物。（2）指说话人和听话人都熟悉的人或物。（3）用在形容最高级和部分比较级前。（4）用在序数词前。（5）用在世界上独一无二的事物前（如太阳、月亮、世界、地球、天空、宇
3、宙等）。（6）用在某些形容词前，表示类人或物。the rich（富人）,the poor（穷人）,the deaf（聋人）,the blind（盲人）,the dead（死者）,the wounded（伤员）（7）用在姓氏复数前,表示“某某家人”或“某某夫妇”。（8）用在乐器前。（9）用于逢“十”的复数数词前，指某个世纪中的几十年代或人的大约年岁。.In the 1970s,（10）用在某些专有名词和习惯用语中。the United Nations,the Great Wall,the Summer Palace,the Palace Museum,in the end,in the day,
4、in the middle Of,ll the time,in the east,by the way,On the way tO,the（more）the（more）“越越”不用冠词的情况：（1）名词前有指示代词 this,that,these,those时不用冠词。（2）名词前有物主代词 my,your,his her,their等时不用冠词。（3）名词前有 whose,which,any,each,every等代词时不用冠词。（4）复数名词表示一类人或物时不用冠词。young men are teachers,not students.（5）物质名词表示种类时不用冠词。is white.
5、（6）抽象名词表示一般概念时不用冠词。she like music（7）在球类运动和棋类游戏前时不用冠词。basketballsoccer chess （8）在三餐前不用冠词。breakfastlunch supper dinner （9）在人名、地名、节假日、星期、月份前不用。（10）在学科和节目名称前不用冠词。（11）在某些固定搭配中不用冠词。noon,at work,at home,by bus,by air,On foot,from morning till night,at night,gO tO school,go to bed,at last 在有些词组中，用冠词和不用冠词意思有
6、较大区别。in hospital（在住院）；in the hospital（在医院）in prison（在坐牢）；in the prison（在监狱里）at table（吃饭,用餐）；at the table（在桌旁）in front of（在某个范围之外的前面）；in the front of（在某个范围之外的前面）go to college（上大学）；go to the college（去那所大学）take place（发生）；take the place（代替）习题：在下列句中空白处填入适当冠词，不需用冠词处划。1.Tomorrow is _ Teachers Day and well
7、make _ card for our English teacher.2.The bus is running about seventy miles_ hour.3.Mary is interested in _ science.4.Some people dont like to talk at _ table.5.Last night I went to_ bed very late.6.Dont worry.We still have _ little time left.7.What _ beautiful day!And what _ fine weather!8 In _ wi
8、nter it is cold in _ Beijing and warm in _Shanghai.9.John is_ cleverest boy in his class.10.We cant live without _ water or _ air.11.Tomorrow Mr.Smith will leave Paris,_capital of_ France,for Washington by_ air.12.We were having_ lunch when they came in.不强调数的观念只说明名词为不特定者即不具体说明是何人何物不定冠词含有的意思但数量观念没有强烈
9、在句子里边一般可以不必译出但若有一个的意思则译出一般用在可数名词单数前指人或事物的某一种类固定搭配定冠词的用法无二的事物前如太阳月亮世界地球天空宇宙等用在某些形容词前表示类人或物富人穷人聋人盲人死者伤员用在姓氏复数前表示某某家人或某某夫妇用在乐器前用逢十的复数数词前指某个世纪中的几十年代或人的大约年岁用在某些专等代词时不用冠词复数名词表示一类人或物时不用冠词物质名词表示种类时不用冠词抽象名词表示一般概念时不用冠词在球类运动和棋类游戏前时不用冠词在三餐前不用冠词在人名地名节假日星期月份前不用在学科和节目名称前不13.This is _ book you gave me last week.14.
10、What did you do _ last Saturday 15.March 8 is _ Womens Day.16.If _ weather is fine tomorrow,we will go to the park.17.I prefer playing _ piano to playing _ basketball.18.At _ age of five,he read a lot of books.19.Tom and Lucy are of _ same age.20._ harder we study,_ more we learn.21There is _ pictur
11、e of _ elephant on _ wall 22This is _ useful bookIve read it for _ hour 23 _ elephant is much heavier than _ horse 24 _ doctor told him to take _ medicine three times _ day 25Lets go out for _ walk 26Its too hotOpen _ door，please 27There is _ woman over there _ woman is Meimeis mother 28 _ sun rises
12、 in _ east 29 _ Changjiang River is _ longest river in _ China 30Are you going to do it _ second time 31What _ important news！不强调数的观念只说明名词为不特定者即不具体说明是何人何物不定冠词含有的意思但数量观念没有强烈在句子里边一般可以不必译出但若有一个的意思则译出一般用在可数名词单数前指人或事物的某一种类固定搭配定冠词的用法无二的事物前如太阳月亮世界地球天空宇宙等用在某些形容词前表示类人或物富人穷人聋人盲人死者伤员用在姓氏复数前表示某某家人或某某夫妇用在乐器前用逢十的
13、复数数词前指某个世纪中的几十年代或人的大约年岁用在某些专等代词时不用冠词复数名词表示一类人或物时不用冠词物质名词表示种类时不用冠词抽象名词表示一般概念时不用冠词在球类运动和棋类游戏前时不用冠词在三餐前不用冠词在人名地名节假日星期月份前不用在学科和节目名称前不数词：表示数目多少或顺序多少的词叫数词，数词分为基数词和序数词。表示数目多少的数词叫基数词；表示顺序的数词叫序数词。一、基数词 1）基数词写法和读法：345 three hundred and forty-five；2）基数词一般是单数形式，但下列情况，常用复数：a.要注意的是 hundred,thousand,million与 billi
14、on的用法。前面有别的基数词时，即若干个百、千、百万、十亿时，其本身都不要加 s，如：three hundred students。若表示成百，成千或数百，数千时，前面不能有基数词，但其本身要用复数形式，然后+of+名词复数。如：thousands of students 数千名学生 b.在一些表示一排或一组的词组里；如：They arrived in twos and threes.他们三三两两的到达了。c.表示几十岁；d.表示年代，用 in+the+数词复数；e.在乘法运算的一种表示法里，如：3 x 5=15 Three fives is(are)fifteen.二、序数词 其构成法如下：
15、1 规则的直接在基数词后加 th，如：fourth fifth sixth seventh tenth eleventh nineteenth 整十的：twentieth thirtieth fortieth不规则的则需要一一记忆因它们在考试中出现的频率很高：first secondthird eighth ninth twelfth 序数词的缩写形式：first-1st second-2nd thirty-first-31st 三、数词的用法 1）倍数表示法 a.主语+谓语+倍数（或分数）+as+adj.+as I have three times as many as you.我有你三倍那
16、么多。b.主语+谓语+倍数（分数）+the size(amount，length)of The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.地球是月球的 49 倍。c.主语+谓语+倍数（分数）+形容词（副词）比较级+than The grain output is 8 percent higher this year than that of last year.今年比去年粮食产量增加 8%。d.还可以用 by+倍数，表示增加多少倍 The production of grain has been increased by four times this ye
17、ar.今年粮食产量增加了 4 倍。2）分数表示法 构成：基数词代表分子，序数词代表分母。分子大于 1 时，分子的序数词用单数，分母序数词用复数：1/3 one-third；3/37 three and three-sevenths 练习 一、用所给词的适当形式填空：1、Mr.Black lives on the floor.(six)2、Jack will come back on the of next month.(twenty-three)3、Autumn is the season of the year.(three)4、The boy is very strong.(seven)5
18、、Summer is the season of the year.(two)6、The story is very interesting.(one)7、September is the month of the year.(nine)8、There are of workers in a factory.(hundred)9、Who was the to get there(one)10、I have two stamps.(hundred)二句意选词()government of Chongqing is building _ cheap and good houses for the
19、people.A.thousand B.thousands C.thousand of D.thousands of.()2.Now,everybody,please turn to Page _and look at the _ picture.A.Fifth;five B.Five;fifth C.Fifth;fifth D.Five;five ()you have enough students to clean the laboratory -No,I think we need _ students.A.another B.tow others C.more two D.two mo
20、re ()4.Well have a _ holiday.What about going to the West Lake A.two days B.two day C.twodays D.twodays ()5.-How many teachers are there in your school -_,but Im not sure.不强调数的观念只说明名词为不特定者即不具体说明是何人何物不定冠词含有的意思但数量观念没有强烈在句子里边一般可以不必译出但若有一个的意思则译出一般用在可数名词单数前指人或事物的某一种类固定搭配定冠词的用法无二的事物前如太阳月亮世界地球天空宇宙等用在某些形容词前
21、表示类人或物富人穷人聋人盲人死者伤员用在姓氏复数前表示某某家人或某某夫妇用在乐器前用逢十的复数数词前指某个世纪中的几十年代或人的大约年岁用在某些专等代词时不用冠词复数名词表示一类人或物时不用冠词物质名词表示种类时不用冠词抽象名词表示一般概念时不用冠词在球类运动和棋类游戏前时不用冠词在三餐前不用冠词在人名地名节假日星期月份前不用在学科和节目名称前不A.Hundreds B.Hundred C.Hundreds of D.One hundred ()6.The river is very long and it is about_ .A.20 metres wide B.15 metres lon
22、g C.30 metres high D.50 metres tall()7.My father will have a_ holiday next month.Hell take me to Qingdao.A.ten days B.ten days C.ten-days D.ten days ()8.Eight students in our school are from countryside.A hundreds B hundred C hundreds of D.hundred of ()trees were cut down.And many birds lost their h
23、ome.A.Two thousands B.Thousands of C.Thousand of ()10.I dont believe that this _ boy can paint such a nice picture.A.five years old B.five-years-old C.five-year-old()11.Football is so exciting that _ people in the world play it.A.million of B.millions of C.two millions of()12.Each of us has to write
24、 a_ report every two weeks.A.two-hundred-word B.two-hundreds-word C.two-hundreds-words D.two-hundred-words ()13We are going to learn_ this term.A.book six B.six book C.the book six D.Book Six()14The girl wanted to sing_ song in English.A.the others B.a second C.other D.the second()15About_ of the bo
25、oks in our school library are written in Chinese.A.four-fifth B.four-fifths C.fourth-fifths D.fourths-fifth()16He will come here _ tomorrow morning.A.at fifth B.at ten C.on two D.till tenth()17Every day he begins to do his homework _.A.at ten past seven B.at seven pass ten C.on ten past seventh D.un
26、til ten()18He began to work there_.A.on his fifty B.at age of fifty C.when he fifty D.in his fifties()19They moved to Beijing _ A.in 1980s B.in the 1980 C.in the 1980s D.on the 1980s()20She was _ her early twenties when she went abroad.A.at B.on C.of D:in 三、完形填空 IMAGINE a life without arms or legs!Y
27、ou cant hold anyone in your 1 .You cant walk anywhere with your feet.How would you last a day like that Would you 2 at yourself in the mirror(镜子)like Nick Vujicic,the 29-year-old Australian Nick was born without limbs(四肢),so life was not 3 for him.At school many students played jokes on him 4 he loo
28、ked different from everyone else.He was refused to be 5 friends,so he always felt 6 .However,he faced that bravely.He 7 to type and write with two toes(脚趾)at the age of six,and he could 8 surf and play golf.In college,he got great success and was among the 9 students in the studies.And he decided on
29、 10 to do later in his life-to encourage others to work hard for their dreams.Now Nick is one of the most popular 11 in the world.He travels to many countries and tell others about his story 12 difficulties.“Living life fully is about looking at what you 13 ,not what you dont have,”he said.His 14 en
30、courages millions of people.“I tell people to keep on getting up when they 15 and to always love themselves,”he said.“If I can encourage just one person,then my job in this life is done.”()1.A.arms B.ears C.eyes D.teeth()2.A.laugh B.cry C.smile D.shout ()3.A.old B.easy C.modern D.difficult()4.A.beca
31、use B.if C.until D.although()5.A.his B.my C.their D.our ()6.A.happy B.relaxed C.lonely D.不强调数的观念只说明名词为不特定者即不具体说明是何人何物不定冠词含有的意思但数量观念没有强烈在句子里边一般可以不必译出但若有一个的意思则译出一般用在可数名词单数前指人或事物的某一种类固定搭配定冠词的用法无二的事物前如太阳月亮世界地球天空宇宙等用在某些形容词前表示类人或物富人穷人聋人盲人死者伤员用在姓氏复数前表示某某家人或某某夫妇用在乐器前用逢十的复数数词前指某个世纪中的几十年代或人的大约年岁用在某些专等代词时不用冠词复
32、数名词表示一类人或物时不用冠词物质名词表示种类时不用冠词抽象名词表示一般概念时不用冠词在球类运动和棋类游戏前时不用冠词在三餐前不用冠词在人名地名节假日星期月份前不用在学科和节目名称前不surprised()7.A.failed B.forgot C.helped D.learned()8.A.even B.ever C.never D.always ()9.A.tall B.lazy C.sleepy D.excellent()10.A.how B.who C.what D.where ()11.A.doctors B.speakers C.scientists D.managers ()12
33、.A.at B.for C.into D.against()13.A.make B.have C.lose D.want ()14.A.story B.sadness C.friend D.family()15.A.fall B.play C.listen D.exercise 四、选词填空 A.names B.given C.However D.twice E.and F.notice G.Also H.before I.Worst J.better Naming the Baby Parents always think babies are very special.They want
34、others to 1 their children.For this reason,they sometimes give their children unusual 2 .They may choose names such as Chelma,Ukiah,Brianna,or Elvira.There are some advantages to this practice.A child who is 3 an uncommon name may feel special from childhood.4 ,sometimes we remember people with unus
35、ual names 5 than we remember people with ordinary names.6 ,unusual names can cause problems.They can be hard for teachers and friends to pronounce.They can also be hard to spell,7 computers may automatically(自动地)change them.For example,Jule may become July.Some people may have a bad impression on an
36、 unusual name 8 they even meet the person.9 of all,other children sometimes dont like kids with uncommon names.The message for parents is,“Think 10 before you give your child an unusual name.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.五、阅读理解 Hello,everyone.Because of the high rate of school violence(暴力)in some areas,teena
37、gers safety becomes a serious problem.We are planning to set up an organization named School Watch to make sure that students have a safe school environment.Please be part of our plan!What is School Watch School Watch is a volunteer project in our school.It helps us stop violence and improve the qua
38、lity of school life.It will keep yourself and your schoolmates safe.The other members of School Watch care for you and your classroom and you do the same for them.Is it for everyone Anybody can become a member of School Watch because everyone has something to offer.What else can it do School Watch m
39、akes it possible for us not only to help each other but also to make friends with each other.Some members may offer to help schoolmates who have problems with their homework.Who is the School Watch Our school will look for the School Watcher and give him or her lots of prizes.You could be the one!Ho
40、w do you start To be part of this plan,the only thing you need to do is to talk to the director of the plan in your grade.If you want to get more information,check the official website at .()1.The members of School Watch are probably .A.teenagers B.parents C.policemen()2.School Watch can help its me
41、mbers .A.save the environment B.organize sports activities C.improve the quality of school life()3.Anyone can become a member of School Watch because .A.everyone may have problems B.everyone can give help to others C.everyone need to make some friends()4.If you want to be a member of School Watch,yo
42、u should .A.check the website B.be good at your schoolwork 不强调数的观念只说明名词为不特定者即不具体说明是何人何物不定冠词含有的意思但数量观念没有强烈在句子里边一般可以不必译出但若有一个的意思则译出一般用在可数名词单数前指人或事物的某一种类固定搭配定冠词的用法无二的事物前如太阳月亮世界地球天空宇宙等用在某些形容词前表示类人或物富人穷人聋人盲人死者伤员用在姓氏复数前表示某某家人或某某夫妇用在乐器前用逢十的复数数词前指某个世纪中的几十年代或人的大约年岁用在某些专等代词时不用冠词复数名词表示一类人或物时不用冠词物质名词表示种类时不用冠词抽象
43、名词表示一般概念时不用冠词在球类运动和棋类游戏前时不用冠词在三餐前不用冠词在人名地名节假日星期月份前不用在学科和节目名称前不C.talk to the director of the plan in your grade()5.The Best School Watcher will get a lot of prizes from every year.A.the school B.the website C.the organization 六、完成对话 Helen:Henry,why dont we go out for lunch today and visit some friend
44、s Henry:Would you like me to 1 todays football game Washington Team is playing 2 New York Team today.I cant miss that.Helen:To tell you the 3 ,Henry.Havent you got 4 of football game Henry:This will be one of the best games of the year and I havent seen Washington Team 5 for years.Helen:Oh,come on,H
45、enry.Dont you think it foolish to 6 every Sunday afternoon in front of the TV set watching football Henry:No,not at all.Why dont you watch it with me You 7 like it.Helen:No,thanks.I have better things to do 8 my Sunday afternoons.Besides,its too rough for me.Henry:I think you dont know what the foot
46、ball means.Football 9 “to make a man strong”.Helen:Er,maybe you are right,10 youd better walk more after watching it.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.不强调数的观念只说明名词为不特定者即不具体说明是何人何物不定冠词含有的意思但数量观念没有强烈在句子里边一般可以不必译出但若有一个的意思则译出一般用在可数名词单数前指人或事物的某一种类固定搭配定冠词的用法无二的事物前如太阳月亮世界地球天空宇宙等用在某些形容词前表示类人或物富人穷人聋人盲人死者伤员用在姓氏复数前表示某某家人或某某夫妇用在乐器前用逢十的复数数词前指某个世纪中的几十年代或人的大约年岁用在某些专等代词时不用冠词复数名词表示一类人或物时不用冠词物质名词表示种类时不用冠词抽象名词表示一般概念时不用冠词在球类运动和棋类游戏前时不用冠词在三餐前不用冠词在人名地名节假日星期月份前不用在学科和节目名称前不