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1、 中华文明的起源教学设计（Teaching design of the origin of Chinese civilization）Teaching design of the origin of Chinese civilization I.teaching objectives 1.knowledge and ability To guide students to understand the Yan Emperor,the Yellow Emperor is the legend of the Chinese nation and ancestor,understand the de
2、mise and the King Yu combating the flood story.To guide students to make a preliminary comparison of ancient legends and historical facts,and make a summary judgement and interpretation.2.processes and methods To guide students to collect relevant information,organize the students to tell the story,
3、talk about experience,understand these tales,which has the historical facts of composition,which is virtual,reflecting the dawn of civilization era of legends.How to cultivate the students inquiry learning method.3.emotions,attitudes and values In the process of learning,we should guide students to
4、understand the meaning of we are all descendants of the Chinese people and cultivate students patriotism and national identity.In the people-oriented culture of Yao and Shun study,the virtue of merit.Through the King Yu combating the flood learning,cultivate a strong will and spirit of dedication,an
5、d the awareness of environmental protection.Two,teaching key points and difficulties Key points:make students realize that Yan Di Huang Di is the common ancestor of the Chinese nation,and cultivate their sense of national identity and patriotic feelings.Difficulty:distinguishing historical facts fro
6、m legends.Three,teaching process Introducing new lessons:teacher:some time ago especially popular wear Satin costume,know what is Satin woven?raw:silk.teacher and who knows how silk came from?born:cocoon.teacher:did any of my classmates ever see silkworms raising silkworms?Know who invented the silk
7、worm silk?In the legend of Huang Dis wife Leizu invented the silkworm silk technology,is it really?Lets take this question to the 3 lesson:the dawn of the legendary civilization.(blackboard writing)Teach new lessons:teacher:do you know what is the age of legend?reading answer Preliterate,history is
8、mainly through word of mouth people myths and legends preserved and handed down.Are there any differences between myth and legend?What is the relationship between myths and legends and historical facts(historical truth)?(the teacher is talking and writing on the blackboard)lets put the problem here
9、first and come back later.teacher:what do the students know about the myths of ancient Chinese inhabitants?reflection The students speak three myths:Pangu,Nu Wamadepeople Butian,the creation of the world,in pursuit of the sun,Hou Yi shot a dogged determination.(the latter three are optional.)divisio
10、n is heaven and earth really opened up by Pangu?Are they really made by Nu Wa?What is the origin of the universe,the earth,and the human race?The student replied,the teacher summed up:for thousands of years,scientists have been exploring when and how the universe came into being.To this day,scientis
11、ts were convinced that the universe was formed by a big explosion about 15 billion years ago.The big bang that material scattered out,expanding space,temperature also decreased,when the temperature dropped to a few thousand degrees,the universe is mainly gaseous substances,the gas gradually condense
12、d into Qiyun,further the formation of a variety of star systems.The earth is condensed from nebulae.Human beings evolved from apes.teacher do these myths come from nothing?Can it reflect the production and living conditions of ancient inhabitants and their certain aspirations and spirits?Students di
13、scuss and answer,the teacher summedup:Pangu used his chisel and ax split the world,which shows that our ancestors long ago believed that humanpower is great,I believe that labor can create the world.The story of Nu Wa reflects a stage of human historical development,namely,matriarchal clan commune s
14、tage,and women occupy a dominant position in production and life.In pursuit of the sun,Hou Yi shot the dogged determination,the story reflects the ancient peoples natural desire to conquer.Through these fairy tales,we can imagine that the difficult life of the people at that time was due to the low
15、degree of peoples understanding of nature and the transformation of nature,Therefore,we can conquer nature and dominate nature by means of imagination.Just now we have analyzed several fairy tales,and then we will take a look at the legend of Yan Di and Huang di.(blackboard writing)teacher:in legend
16、,what did Yan Di invent?What else did Huang Di invent?reading answer Please read the Shennong Jiaojia map,also known as the legend of Emperor Yan Shennong,he is the first person born cattle,when he has just becomethe chief of the people lived by hunting prey,hit everyone with a meal,or only go hungr
17、y.People think of the future life,Yan Choude sleepless nights day.Later,after careful observation,he found the nature of the plant growth regularity of certain,he thought,if we can distinguish the fruit to eat,what cannot eat fruit,fruit collected who can eat,spring them into the ground,the fall wil
18、l bear fruit.In this way,the problem of human survival is not solved?He have tasted Baicao tramp over mountains and through ravines.It is said that in the course of tasting herbs and fixing grains,he sometimes poisoned himself seventy times a day,and finally he knew what to eat.Legend of Emperor Yan
19、 first teach people to choose the land fertile,dampness,high and low,teach people to observe the climate,choose the grain category,and making Gengjia tools.Therefore,later generations called Yan Emperor the founder of Chinese primitive agriculture.teacher any real primitive is agriculture really inv
20、ented by Yan Di?So,is there ingredient in this legend?Students,combined with the agriculture we mentioned earlier,think about it.The student replies,the teacher summedup:the invention of agriculture has indeed gone through such a process of legend,the original agriculture is really collected from th
21、e development.It is precisely because people have discovered the growth law of some plants in the long period of production and life,and cultivated these plants near the residence,and then the primitive agriculture appeared.Any invention or improvement in ancient times was the result of countless hu
22、man experiences and long years of trial and error.But because the exact situation can not test,when they recalled later in the history of the total love inventions outstanding in between them will focus on.For example,Huang Di,after he became a famous monarch emperor,all is the story surrounding its
23、 launch,all objects of the invention are right to belong to him and his liegeman.Now lets go back to the question just now.Whats the difference between myths and legends,myths and legends,and historical facts?The student replies,the teacher sums up:myth is the fiction of ancient inhabitants accordin
24、g to their own imagination of natural things,including human beings themselves.It must be pointed out that the myth of the content is not the ancestors of pure consciousness of mental activity,but the reflection of objective reality and life practice in their minds,and legends mostly in real history
25、 as the material,is not entirely fictitious.At ordinary times we put together myths and legends,but not so clearly.Myths and legends are not entirely separate from historical facts,but have some connections.On the one hand,love things is human nature,future generations in the narrative includes thin
26、gs,always unconsciously be decorated with exaggerated myths and legends by the people heard the word of mouth,the longer the more prone to distortion.hand,myths and legends contain real history,and On the other archaeological results provide evidence for the authenticity of these legends.(students r
27、ead 13 pages of fine print)when we use the myth,it must be analyzed to quweicunzhen.We often say that we are descendants of the Yellow Emperor,and we all feel very proud and proud to say that.Well,do you know how this name came from?Why would the emperor Yanhuang two was enshrined as the ancestor of
28、 Chinese nation?(students think and answer)Yanhuang two Dili from struggle to unite,this tells us:the formation process of the Chinese nation is a dynamic process,through long-term and finally tends to kill for joint.usually besides saying that we are Chinese people,we often say,we are the descendan
29、ts of the dragon.Someone wrote a song called the descendants of the dragon,which swept the whole country.The students know how the dragons image is formed (see shell Duisu the dragon and tiger and a projection material Mr.Wen Yiduo on the Chinese dragon graphics said a word:dragon what is what?Our a
30、nswer is:its a totem,and its a virtual creature that exists only in totems,not in the living world,because it is a complex of many different Totems The student replied,the dragon is a fusion of many tribal totems,which reflects the process of the formation of the Chinese race:the different tribes mo
31、vedfrom war to unity,and thus formed the main body of the Chinese nation.By Yan,the legend of the Yellow Emperor,we can understand,in the period of the Yellow Emperor,the Chinese nation has formed.(blackboard writing)Next we look at the demise of the legend of Yao and shun.(writing)ask the students
32、to look at the history of Yao and shun.(before class,a student plays Yao,a student plays Shun,and three students act as tribal leaders.)teacher:while looking,think,why does Shun becomethe head of the tribal alliance?How did Shun obtain the position of the head of the League of tribes?The student rep
33、lies,the teacher summed up Yaos position as a leader of the tribe alliance through the long war of killing.But from the beginning of Yao,the position of the leader was gentle,democratically elected at the meeting of the tribal alliance.The leader of the tribe alliance by elected,later known as the d
34、emise,this is a merit based system.Shun and Yus chanrang system generated under the head of the tribal alliance.From Yao and Shun demise legend,we can see that at the time has been the countrys burgeoning.(blackboard writing)teacher why can Yu be chosen as the head of the tribal alliance?He succeede
35、d because of his water control.(writing)(students speak the story of teachers supplement King Yu combating the flood,.)teacher:King Yu combating the flood is a great achievement for the benefit of all the children of the Yellow Emperor,made a great contribution to the Chinese nation.You can get what
36、 inspiration from the King Yu combating the flood?The students discuss in groups,and the teachers inspire students to think in the following ways:(1)what method did Yu father take to control the water?(jam)whats the result?(nine years is not good)what method does Yu use to control the water?(persuas
37、ion)whats the result?(success)what can you learn from this?(2)Yu was outside the river for 13 years,three through the door,and finally succeeded.If he gave up halfway,can the water control succeed?What inspiration can you get from this?(3)the flood disaster was very serious at that time.What was the
38、 cause of the disaster?What inspiration can you get from this perspective?Yu is the demise under the system of the last tribal alliance leader.He is a great man standing on the threshold of civilization,he established Chinas first in the history of the state of the Xia Dynasty,marked the ancient Chi
39、nese society entered the age of civilization.Summary:we talked about a lot of myths and legends in this class.Through analysis,we know that myths,legends and historical facts are not completely separated,but have some connections.From the legend of Emperor Yan and Huang,we can see that the rudiment
40、of the Chinese nation was already formed.From Yao and Shun demise legend,can be seen at the time have been the countrys burgeoning.Finally,Da Yus success in controlling floods led to a great increase in prestige and the establishment of the first country in Chinese history.The progress of human history is moving forward,and the dawnof civilization has been revealed from legend.Four,blackboard writing design:The third lesson is the cultural dawn of the legendary age Blackboard writing:Legend of Emperor Yan and Yellow Emperor Yao and Shun demise King Yu combating the flood