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1、2022年初中英语中考语法高频考点专题不定代词精讲精练代词的含义：代词是代替名词的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词和不定代词八种。种类第一人称第二人称第三人称人称代词主格单数Iyouhesheit复数wethey宾格单数mehimherit复数usthem物主代词形容词性单数myyourhisherits复数ourtheir名词性单数mineyourshishersits复数ourstheirs反身代词单数myselfyourselfhimselfherselfits
2、elf复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves指示代词单数this/that复数these/those疑问代词who,whom,whose,which,what不定代词one/some/any,each/every,none/no,many/much,all/both,few/little/afew/alittle,other/another,neither/either,someone/somebody,anyone/anybody,everyone/everybody,noone/nobody,everything/something/anything/nothing
3、代词常考点： every, each: 都有“每一个”的意思，但each 可指两个或两个以上的人或物，而every 只能指三个或三个以上的人或物。every 是形容词,只能作定语，而each可以作代词和形容词, 因此既可作定语，也可作主语或同位语。 both, all: both指两者“都”，能修饰可数复数名词，both of能与带冠词、物主代词或指示代词的名词连用，也可跟人称代词的宾格形式；all指三者或三者以上“都” some, any: some多用于肯定句，any多用于否定句或疑问句中。但在表示请求、建议、反问的疑问句里，则用some。而any用作“任何”解释时，可用于肯定句或条件从句
4、中。例如：1） Would you like some coffee or some tea?2） If you have questions, you can come any time.something/someone/somebody用于肯定句，也用于期望得到对方肯定答复的疑问句中anything/anyone/anybody 用于否定句和疑问句nothing/none/nobody 用在句子中表否定some/any/no/every +one/thing/body 做主语时，谓语动词用单数有形容词或动词不定式修饰some/any/no/every +one/thing/body等不定
5、代词时，形容词或动词不定式须放在不定代词的后面。注意：somebody=someone anybody=anyone nobody=no one another, other，the other, others, the others: another指“又一个（些）”或“另外一个（些）”，如another apple, another five people等；other指“其他的”，其后常跟名词，如other students, other rooms等；the other指两者中的“另一个”或“另一方面”，如She has two daughters, one is a nurse, t
6、he other is a teacher.；others指“他人”或“他物”（不一定是其余的全部），如After class, some students are playing chess, some are singing, others are playing basketball on the playground.；the others指（除前面提到的以外的全部），如There are fifty students in our class, twenty of us are from the city, two of us are from Dafeng, the others
7、are from the countryside. neither, none: neither表示“两者都不”（与both相反），none表示“三者或三者以上都不”（与all相反），它们都是全部否定的句子。 (a) few, (a) little:(a)few修饰或代替可数名词，(a)little修饰不可数名词； few和little表否定意义，a few和a little表肯定意义。它们都能与副词quite, only连用，构成quite a few, quite a little（很多）和only a few, only a little(很少)。代词高频考点分析：一：不定代词类别用法例
8、子otherotherstheothertheothersanotherother表示“其他的”，后接名词Inmyclass，somestudentslovemusic,somelikedrawingand_enjoyreading.（后不接名词，代替名词复数，无特指，故用others）我班上一些学生喜欢音乐,一些喜欢画画,还有一些喜欢阅读。Heistallerthanany_studentinourclass.（后接名词，无特指，故用other）他比我们班上任何一名学生都要高。others=other+复数名词,泛指其他人或物,others后不能接名词theother表两者中的另一个,其结构
9、为one,theothertheothers=theother+名词，指整体中除去一部分后剩余的全部otherotherstheothertheothersanotheranother指三个或三个以上的“另一个、再一个”“another+基数词+名词”相当于“基数词+more+名词”Twostudentsinourclassfailed,but_passedtheexam.（代替“其他的学生”，表复数且特指，故用theothers）我们班上除了两个学生考试没通过外,其他的都通过了。Ihavetwosisters.Oneisadoctor,and_isateacher.(one,theother
10、意为“一个，另一个”)我有两个姐姐。一个是医生,另一个是老师。Idontlikethisshirt.Pleaseshowme_one.（代替名词shirt,三者以上的另一个，故用another)我不喜欢这件衬衫,请给我拿另外一件。（2019年广州卷15题）Hedideverythingwellandlivedfor_16years.（此处结构为“another+基数词+名词”，意为“再；又”，故填another）他适应得很好，并且多活了16年。二：表示多/少的词类别用法例子manymuchmany+可数名词复数much+不可数名词Ihavemanyfriends,butIcantfindout
11、muchinformationaboutthem.我有许多朋友，但我找不到关于他们的很多信息了。fewafewlittlealittle修饰可数名词复数修饰不可数名词Notsomanypeopleknowwherehelives,so_ofushavehisaddress.(根据notsomanypeople可知此空是指很少人，修饰people且表否定意义，故用few)没有多少人知道他住在哪里，所以我们当中很少人有他的地址。Thereare_applesonthetree.Wecanpicksomeofthem.(apples为可数名词复数，由下一句可知，此空表肯定意义，意为“一些”，故用af
12、ew）这棵树上有一些苹果,我们可以摘一些。肯定（一些）afewapples一些苹果alittlewater一点儿水fewafewlittlealittle否定（几乎没有）fewapples几乎没有苹果littlewater几乎没有水Thereis_rainhereinsummer,soitisveryhothere.(rain为不可数名词，天气很热，所以雨水少，此空表否定意义，故用little）这里夏天几乎不下雨，所以很热。Icanspeak_English，soIcancommunicatewithforeigners.(English为不可数名词，此空表肯定意义，故用alittle)我能说
13、一点英语，所以我能跟外国人沟通。三：some/any的用法类别用法例子someanysome用于肯定句,表示“一些”,修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词；用于疑问句中,表示说话人有建议、请求等Ihavesomequestionstoask.我想问一些问题。Wouldyoulikesometea?你想喝茶吗？Yes,Idloveto.是的,我想喝。any用于否定句和一般疑问句Doyouhaveanybooks?你有一些书吗？No,Idonthaveanybooks.不,我没有任何书。注意：形容词修饰以下不定代词时，形容词要放在不定代词的后面，这类不定代词有：somebody,someone,somet
14、hing,anybody,anyone,anything,everybody,everyone,everything,nobody,nothing等。如：somethingimportant重要的东西（事情）nothinginteresting无趣的东西（事情）somewherewarm暖和的地方四：表示整体和局部类别用法例子allbothall指三个或三个以上的人或物，后接动词复数形式Allofusareheretoday.今天我们都到齐了。both意为“两者都”,后接名词，动词用复数形式YaoMingandYiJianlianbothplayedbasketballintheUSA.姚明和
15、易建联都曾在美国打篮球。neithereitherneither指“两者都不”,谓语动词用单数形式Neitherofuswantstobeadoctor.我们两个都不想当医生。either指“两者中的任何一个”,谓语动词用单数形式Eitherofusisadoctor.我们两人中的任何一个都是医生。注：Therearemanyflowersandtreesonboth(either)sides(side)oftheroad.路的两边（任何一边）都有很多花和树。noonenonenoone相当于nobody,只能指人,表示三者或三者以上全部否定；常用来回答who的提问,其后不可以接of短语Who
16、hasbeentotheUSA?谁去过美国？Noone.没有人。none既可指人也可指物,表示三者或三者以上全部否定，意为“全都不”；作主语时，谓语动词用单复数皆可，其后可接of短语Howmuchwateristhereinthebottle?瓶子里有多少水？None.没有一点水。Noneofthestudentsare/isafraidofdifficulties.没有学生害怕困难。专项练习：一，用适当的不定代词填空1.The room is empty. There is _ in it.2Would you like _ tea?3.Is there _ new in the newsp
17、aper?4.There isnt _ vegetables in the fridge.5.Could you please buy me _ new notebooks?6.He seldom got _ plans.7.Ladies and gentlemen, attention please! I have_ important to tell you.8.I known about it. Its a secret between them.二、根据句意用适当的人称代词、物主代词填空：1. Mary works in a book store. _ likes _ work ver
18、y much.2. John and I are in the same school. _ go to school together.3. She is a friend of _. We got to know each other two years ago.4. Her sister makes all _ own dresses.5. I have many friends. Some of_ are good at English.6. Last week we enjoyed _in the garden.7. _ English teacher is Mrs. Green.
19、We all like _. 8. She gets up early and dresses _ every day.9. I like shopping in _ free time. I spend _ own money.10. _(we) classroom is smaller than _ (they).11. Her kite is broken. Can you lend me _?12. Dont depend on others, you should try_ best to do it _.13. It is I _ that cook the meal.14.Wha
20、t they should do is to believe _.15. May I use _ bike? _is broken.三、用 (a) few/(a) little填空和选择正确答案：There is _ salt left in the kitchen. Lets go to the store and buy some.If you have any spare milk, could you give me _?Take it easy! Its very early and there is still _ time left.He has _ friends, so he
21、 usually feels lonely.Icantdecidenow.Ineed_timetothinkaboutit.The busserviceisntverygoodatnight.Thereare_busesafter9 oclock-WhendidSarahgoout? -_minutesago.Therewas_foodinthefridge.Itwasnearlyempty.选择正确答案1.Thisisaveryoldsong,so_youngpeopleknowit.A.fewB.littleC.afewD.alittle 2. Therearentmanyorangesh
22、ere,butyoucantake_ifyouwantto.A.fewB.afewC.alittleD.little 3. MrSmithisquitebusytoday.Hehas_meetingstoattend.A.littleB.alittleC.fewD.afew 4. -CanItalktoyouforaminute,Bob?-Sure,Ihave_time. A. afewB. littleC. fewD. alittle 5. Neitheranimalsnorplantscanliveonthemoonbecausethereis_airorwater onit.A. eno
23、ughB. fewC. notD. little6. -_doesthenicecoatcost?-Onlythirtydollars. A. HowmanyB. HowmuchC. HowfewD. Howlittle7. -Igotaletterfrommyfriendbuttherewasnt_news.A.manyB. muchC. fewD. little8. The film isnt interesting. _ people like it. A. FewB. A littleC. A fewD. Little9. There is _ milk in the fridge,
24、so well go to the supermarket and buy some.A. littleB. a littleC. fewD. a few10. He is a man of _ words. Can you make him speak more than one sentence?A. a fewB. lots ofC. fewD. many四，some和any相关练习1. There is no salt left. Jim, would you like to get _? OK, Mum! A. it B. one C. some D. any2. I have tw
25、o soccer balls. What about you? Oh, I dont have . A. some B. no C. any D. much3. We had fun and learnt new as well. We had a good time. A. somethingB. anything C. nothingD. everything4.The story is so amazing! Its the most interesting story Ive ever read.But Im afraid it wont be liked by _.A.everybo
26、dy B. somebody C. anybody D. nobody5.Everyone _ his own gift. A. have B. has C. is having D. are having 6. _ anyone want anything?I want a packet of electricity.A.Do B. Does C. Did D. Is7. Have you brought _ with you? We wont have time to come back.Dont worry. All the things we need are here, in thi
27、s big bag.A.something B. anything C. nothing D. everything8.Americans seem to love their cars almost more than _.A.anything others B. other anything C. anything else D. else anything9.We had fun and learnt _ new as well. We had a good time.A.something B. anything C. nothing D. everything10. Doctor,
28、whats the problem with my daughter?-Dont worry. It is _ serious. Its only a cold.A.nothing B. something C. anything D. everything11. I couldnt think of _ about this topic.A. anything new B. new anythingC. something new D. new something12. These days I am very happy because everything _ well.A. go B.
29、 goes C. are going D. was going13. -There is _ bread in the kitchen. Would you like _? A. any; some B. any; any C. some; any D. some; some14. Who is in the shop now? _. The shop is locked and it is empty now. A. Somebody B. Anybody C. Nobody D. Everybody15. Lets ask _ to help us find the way. A. som
30、eone B. anyone C. everyone D. no one综合训练一，语法选择，代词专练1. A. they B. them C. their D. theirs2. A. I B. me C. my D. mine3. A. little B. few C. much D. many4. A. the other B. others C. any D. some5. A. myself B. my C. mine D. me二，选择题1. Doctor, whats the problem with my daughter? Dont worry. It is _ seriou
31、s. Its only a cold.A. nothing B. something C. anything D. everything2. Have you brought _ with you? We wont have time to come back. Dont worry. All the things we need are here, in this big bag.A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything3. Ms. Wand is an excellent teacher. _ in our class loves
32、her.A. Someone B. No one C. Everyone D. Anyone4. Americans seem to love their cars almost more than _.A. anything others B. other anything C. anything else D. else anything5. We had fun and learnt _ new as well. We had a good time.A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything6. The story is so a
33、mazing! Its the most interesting story Ive ever read.But Im afraid it wont be liked by _.A. everybody B. somebody C. anybody D. nobody7. Dont give up because of one failure. _ is born to be good at everything.A. Somebody B. Anybody C. Nobody D. Everybody8. Did Qingdao show _ to the world during the
34、SCO summit(上海合作组织峰会)？ Sure! Her beauty, high technology and rapid development.A. something special B. anything special C. special something D. special anything9. Everyone _ his own gift. A. have B. has C. is having D. are having 10. _ anyone want anything?I want a packet of electricity.A. Do B. Does
35、 C. Did D. Is11. Our classroom is so clean. Who cleaned it, Li Fei? Sorry, I dont know. I think _ did it before class.A. somebody B. nobody C. everyone D. anyone12.This work needs close teamwork. _ will be achieved unless we work well together.A. Nothing B. Anything C. Something D. Everything13.Ive
36、been so bored for a long time because I have _ to do.A. interesting anything B. something interesting B. nothing interesting D. interesting nothing14. What a bad day! Everyone has one of those days when _ goes right.A. nothing B. anything C. something D. everything15.Everything _ ready. We can start
37、 now.A. are B. is C. be D. were16.There isnt _ water here. Could you get _ for me?All right.A. some; some B. any; any C. some; any D. any; some17.Be quiet! I have _ to tell you.A. important anything B. anything important C. important something D. something important18.Though Kongo Panda 3 is popular
38、 with teenagers, it wont be liked by _. A. nobody B. somebody C. everybody D. anybody19. At present, children mean _ to most parents in China. A. everything B. nothing C. anything D. something 20. Tom, supper is ready. I dont want to eat _, Mum. Im not feeling well.A. everything B. nothing C. anything D. something11