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1、AL30,730AZ41,120AR18,670CA192,770CO28,920CT 23,480DE 7,240FL162,410GA61,170ID10,810IL74,580IN40,270IA20,460KS16,840KY30,270LA28,580ME10,490MD 35,200MA42,880MN34,380MS18,210MO37,910MT7,100NE11,530NV17,370NH9,580NJ 56,150NM11,280NY123,810NC67,690ND4,370OH74,140OK23,420OR26,030PA88,450RI 7,030SC33,890S
2、D5,340TN43,790TX139,100UT13,840VT4,370VA47,100WA44,630WV12,840WI37,640WY3,170DC 3,520HI8,460AK3,390MI61,910PRN/AUS1,958,310Estimated number of new cancer cases for 2023,excluding basal cell and squamous cell skin cancers and in situ carcinoma except urinary bladder.Estimates are not available for Pu
3、erto Rico.Note:Incidence counts are model-based projections and should be interpreted with caution.State estimates may not equal US total due to rounding.Cancer Facts&Figures2023Special Section:Lung Cancer see page 31ContentsBasic Cancer Facts 1Figure 1.Trends in Age-adjusted Cancer Death Rates by S
4、ite,Males,US,1930-2020 2Figure 2.Trends in Age-adjusted Cancer Death Rates by Site,Females,US,1930-2020 3Table 1.Estimated Number of New Cancer Cases and Deaths by Sex,US,2023 4Table 2.Estimated Number of New Cases for Selected Cancers by State,US,2023 5Table 3.Estimated Number of Deaths for Selecte
5、d Cancers by State,US,2023 6Table 4.Incidence Rates for Selected Cancers by State,US,2015-2019 7Table 5.Death Rates for Selected Cancers by State,US,2016-2020 8Figure 3.Leading Sites of New Cancer Cases and Deaths 2023 Estimates 10Selected Cancers 10Breast 11Cancer in Children and Adolescents 12Tabl
6、e 6.Probability(%)of Developing Invasive Cancer During Selected Age Intervals by Sex,US,2017-2019 14Colon and Rectum 15Kidney and Renal Pelvis 16Leukemia 17Table 7.Trends in 5-year Relative Survival Rates(%)by Race,US,1975-2018 18Liver 18Lymphoma 19Oral Cavity and Pharynx 20Ovary 21Table 8.Five-year
7、 Relative Survival Rates(%)by Stage at Diagnosis,US,2012-2018 21Pancreas 23Prostate 23Skin 25Thyroid 26Urinary Bladder 27Uterine Cervix 28Uterine Corpus(Endometrium)29Special Section:Lung Cancer 31Cancer Disparities 50Table 9.Incidence and Mortality Rates for Selected Cancers by Race and Ethnicity,U
8、S 51Tobacco Use 55Figure 4.Proportion of Cancer Cases and Deaths Attributable to Cigarette Smoking in Adults 30 Years and Older,US,2014 56Nutrition&Physical Activity 60Figure 5.Proportion of Cancer Cases and Deaths Attributable to Excess Body Weight in Adults 30 Years and Older,US,2014 61The Global
9、Cancer Burden 65The American Cancer Society 68Sources of Statistics 78American Cancer Society Recommendations for the Early Detection of Cancer in Average-risk Asymptomatic People 812023,American Cancer Society,Inc.All rights reserved,including the right to reproduce this publication or portions the
10、reof in any form.For permission,email the American Cancer Society Legal department at permissionrequestcancer.org.This publication attempts to summarize current scientific information about cancer.Except when specified,it does not represent the official policy of the American Cancer Society.Suggeste
11、d citation:American Cancer Society.Cancer Facts&Figures 2023.Atlanta:American Cancer Society;2023.Cancer Facts&Figures 2023 1Basic Cancer FactsWhat Is Cancer?Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells that can result in death if not treated.Al
12、though the causes of cancer development are not completely understood,numerous factors are known to increase risk,including many that are potentially modifiable(e.g.,tobacco use and excess body weight)and others that are not(e.g.,inherited genetic mutations).These risk factors may act simultaneously
13、 or in sequence to initiate and/or promote cancer growth.Can Cancer Be Prevented?A substantial proportion of cancers could be prevented,including all cancers caused by tobacco use and other unhealthy behaviors.Excluding non-melanoma skin cancer,at least 42%of newly diagnosed cancers in the US about
14、820,000 cases in 2023 are potentially avoidable,including the 19%of cancers caused by smoking and at least 18%caused by a combination of excess body weight,alcohol consumption,poor nutrition,and physical inactivity.Certain cancers caused by infectious agents,such as human papillomavirus(HPV),hepatit
15、is B virus(HBV),hepatitis C virus(HCV),and Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori),could be prevented through behavioral changes or vaccination to prevent infection,or by treating the infection.Many of the more than 5 million skin cancers diagnosed annually could be prevented by protecting skin from excessive
16、 sun exposure and not using indoor tanning devices.Screening can help prevent colorectal and cervical cancers by detecting and removing precancers in the colon,rectum,and uterine cervix.Screening can also reduce mortality for these cancers and for cancers of the breast,lung(among people with a histo
17、ry of heavy smoking),and prostate by detecting cancer early,when treatment is often less intensive and more successful.In addition,being aware of changes in the body(such as a new mole or lump under the skin)and bringing these to the attention of a health care professional can result in the earlier
18、detection of cancer.For complete cancer screening guidelines,see page 81.How Many People Alive Today Have Ever Had Cancer?More than 18 million Americans with a history of invasive cancer were alive on January 1,2022,most of whom were diagnosed many years ago and have no current evidence of the disea
19、se.How Many New Cases and Deaths Are Expected to Occur in 2023?A little over 1.9 million new cancer cases are expected to be diagnosed in the US in 2023(Table 1).This estimate excludes basal cell and squamous cell skin cancers,which are not required to be reported to cancer registries,and carcinoma
20、in situ(noninvasive cancer)except for urinary bladder.Table 2 provides estimated new cancer cases in 2023 by state.Approximately 609,820 deaths from cancer are expected in the US in 2023(Table 1),which is about 1,670 deaths per day.Cancer is the second most common cause of death in the US,exceeded o
21、nly by heart disease.Table 3 provides estimated cancer deaths by state in 2023.Importantly,the calculation of these estimates is based on reported cancer incidence and mortality through 2019 and 2020,respectively.Thus,projected cancer cases in 2023 do not account for the impact of the coronavirus di
22、sease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic on cancer diagnoses,and the projected cancer deaths in 2023 only account for the first year.However,it already is clear that the disruption of health services resulted in millions of missed or postponed appointments for cancer screening,as well as follow-up of abnormal r
23、esults and symptoms.Additionally,patients who were already diagnosed experienced treatment delays and/or modifications.The consequences of this interruption in care will become evident in our cancer statistics over the next several years.2 Cancer Facts&Figures 2023How Much Progress Has Been Made Aga
24、inst Cancer?Substantial progress has been made against cancer in recent decades.The best measure of this progress is the change in cancer death rates(also referred to as mortality rates)because they are less affected by changes in detection practices than incidence(new diagnoses)and survival rates.T
25、he overall age-adjusted cancer death rate rose during most of the 20th century,peaking in 1991 at 215.1 cancer deaths per 100,000 people,mainly because of the smoking epidemic.As of 2020 the rate had dropped to 143.8 per 100,000 a decline of 33%mostly because of reductions in smoking and advances in
26、 treatment,as well as early detection for some cancers.The decline in the death rate translates into 3.8 million fewer cancer deaths from 1991 to 2020,largely driven by progress against the four most common cancer types lung,colorectal,breast,and prostate(Figure 3).Do Cancer Incidence and Death Rate
27、s Vary by State?Variations in cancer rates among states differ by cancer type,with the largest for lung cancer,reflecting vast historical and continuing differences in smoking prevalence.Table 4 and Table 5 provide average annual incidence and death rates for selected cancer types by state.Who Is at
28、 Risk of Developing Cancer?Everyone is at risk of developing cancer,although incidence increases greatly with age;88%of people diagnosed with cancer in the US are 50 years of age or older and 57%are 65 or older.Risk is also increased by certain behaviors and other modifiable factors,such as smoking,
29、having excess body weight,drinking alcohol,and eating an unhealthy diet.In the US,an estimated 41 out of 100 men and 39 out of 100 women will develop cancer during their lifetime(Table 6).However,these probabilities are based on cancer occurrence in the*Age adjusted to the 2000 US standard populatio
30、n.Rates exclude deaths in Puerto Rico and other US territories.Note:Due to changes in ICD coding,numerator information has changed over time for cancers of the liver,lung and bronchus,and colon and rectum.Source:US Mortality Volumes 1930 to 1959,US Mortality Data 1960 to 2020,National Center for Hea
31、lth Statistics,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.2023,American Cancer Society,Inc.,Surveillance and Health Equity ScienceRate per 100,000 male populationFigure 1.Trends in Age-adjusted Cancer Death Rates*by Site,Males,US,1930-2020LeukemiaPancreasColon&rectumProstateLung&bronchusStomach02040
32、60801002020201520102005200019951990198519801975197019651960195519501945194019351930LiverYear of death Cancer Facts&Figures 2023 3general population and may differ in individuals because of variations in exposures(e.g.,smoking),family history,and/or genetic susceptibility.A family history of cancer i
33、s thought primarily to reflect the combination of inherited genetic variations that confer slight-to-moderate increased risk alongside similar lifestyle/environmental exposures.Inheritance of genetic alterations that confer a very high risk occurs much less frequently.Relative risk is the strength o
34、f the relationship between exposure to a given risk factor and cancer.It is measured by comparing the rate of cancer in a group of people with a certain exposure or trait to the rate in a group of people without this characteristic.For example,individuals who smoke cigarettes are about 25 times more
35、 likely to develop lung cancer than people who never smoked,so the relative risk of lung cancer among people who smoke is 25.Most relative risks are not this large;for example,the relative risk of breast cancer among women who have a mother,sister,or daughter with a history of breast cancer is about
36、 2.However,even exposures associated with a relatively small excess risk can have a large influence on the number of cancers diagnosed in the population if they are common(e.g.,excess body weight).What Percentage of People Survive Cancer?Cancer survival is typically described in terms of relative su
37、rvival,which is a measure of life expectancy among cancer patients compared to that among the general population of the same age,race,and sex.The 5-year relative survival rate for all cancers combined has increased substantially since the early 1960s,from 39%to 69%among White people and from 27%to 6
38、4%among Black people.Improvements in survival(Table 7)reflect advances in treatment,as well as earlier diagnosis for some cancers.Survival varies greatly by cancer type and stage(Table 8),as well as age at diagnosis.*Age adjusted to the 2000 US standard population.Rates exclude deaths in Puerto Rico
39、 and other US territories.Uterus refers to uterine cervix and uterine corpus combined.Note:Due to changes in ICD coding,numerator information has changed over time for cancers of the liver,lung and bronchus,colon and rectum,and uterus.Source:US Mortality Volumes 1930 to 1959,US Mortality Data 1960 t
40、o 2020,National Center for Health Statistics,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.2023,American Cancer Society,Inc.,Surveillance and Health Equity ScienceRate per 100,000 female populationFigure 2.Trends in Age-adjusted Cancer Death Rates*by Site,Females,US,1930-2020UterusPancreasColon&rectumB
41、reastLung&bronchusStomach0204060801002020201520102005200019951990198519801975197019651960195519501945194019351930LiverYear of death 4 Cancer Facts&Figures 2023Table 1.Estimated Number*of New Cancer Cases and Deaths by Sex,US,2023Estimated New CasesEstimated DeathsBoth sexesMaleFemaleBoth sexesMaleFe
42、maleAll sites1,958,3101,010,310948,000609,820322,080287,740Oral cavity&pharynx54,54039,29015,25011,5808,1403,440 Tongue18,04013,1804,8602,9401,950990 Mouth14,8208,6806,1403,0901,8701,220 Pharynx20,07016,3403,7304,1403,260880 Other oral cavity1,6101,0905201,4101,060350Digestive system348,840194,98015
43、3,860172,01099,35072,660 Esophagus21,56017,0304,53016,12012,9203,200 Stomach26,50015,93010,57011,1306,6904,440 Small intestine12,0706,5805,4902,0701,170900 Colon&rectum153,02081,86071,16052,55028,47024,080 Colon 106,97054,42052,550 Rectum46,05027,44018,610 Anus,anal canal,&anorectum9,7603,1806,5801,
44、8708601,010 Liver&intrahepatic bile duct41,21027,98013,23029,38019,00010,380 Gallbladder&other biliary12,2205,7506,4704,5101,9002,610 Pancreas64,05033,13030,92050,55026,62023,930 Other digestive organs8,4503,5404,9103,8301,7202,110Respiratory system256,290131,150125,140132,33071,17061,160 Larynx12,3
45、809,9002,4803,8203,070750 Lung&bronchus238,340117,550120,790127,07067,16059,910 Other respiratory organs5,5703,7001,8701,440940500Bones&joints3,9702,1601,8102,1401,200940Soft tissue(including heart)13,4007,4006,0005,1402,7202,420Skin(excluding basal&squamous)104,93062,81042,12012,4708,4803,990 Melan
46、oma of the skin97,61058,12039,4907,9905,4202,570 Other nonepithelial skin7,3204,6902,6304,4803,0601,420Breast300,5902,800297,79043,70053043,170Genital system414,350299,540114,81069,66035,64034,020 Uterine cervix13,96013,9604,3104,310 Uterine corpus66,20066,20013,03013,030 Ovary19,71019,71013,27013,2
47、70 Vulva6,4706,4701,6701,670 Vagina&other genital,female8,4708,4701,7401,740 Prostate288,300288,30034,70034,700 Testis9,1909,190470470 Penis&other genital,male2,0502,050470470Urinary system168,560117,59050,97032,59022,6809,910 Urinary bladder82,29062,42019,87016,71012,1604,550 Kidney&renal pelvis81,
48、80052,36029,44014,8909,9204,970 Ureter&other urinary organs4,4702,8101,660990600390Eye&orbit3,4901,9001,590430240190Brain&other nervous system24,81014,28010,53018,99011,0207,970Endocrine system47,23014,34032,8903,2401,5601,680 Thyroid43,72012,54031,1802,1209701,150 Other endocrine3,5101,8001,7101,12
49、0590530Lymphoma89,38049,73039,65021,08012,3208,760 Hodgkin lymphoma8,8304,8503,980900540360 Non-Hodgkin lymphoma80,55044,88035,67020,18011,7808,400Myeloma35,73019,86015,87012,5907,0005,590Leukemia59,61035,67023,94023,71013,9009,810 Acute lymphocytic leukemia6,5403,6602,8801,390700690 Chronic lymphoc
50、ytic leukemia18,74012,1306,6104,4902,8301,660 Acute myeloid leukemia20,38011,4108,97011,3106,4404,870 Chronic myeloid leukemia8,9305,1903,7401,310780530 Other leukemia5,0203,2801,7405,2103,1502,060Other&unspecified primary sites32,59016,81015,78048,16026,13022,030*Rounded to the nearest 10;cases exc