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1、同济大学第一附属中学2021-2022学年第二学期期中考试英语试题1. Grammar and Vocabulary (45 分)Section A (15 分)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word: for t
2、he other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Have you ever seen an old movie called Three Coins in the Fountain? It is about three young American women 卜(search) for permanent romance in Rome and they all find it. Far-fetched Hollywood? Well, from the world history point of view, romance
3、did, in fact, set down its roots in Rome.The word romance evolved in Latin from Roma to Romanicus of the Roman language, to the Old French romanz escrive, 2 means “to write in a Romance language/9 and on to the English romance.The Romance languages 3 (compose) of seven groups of languages that all h
4、ave Latin 4 their basis. These languages include French. Italian, Spanish and Portuguese. The common people in ancient Rome spoke 5 is referred to as Vulgar Latin, an informal speech, as opposed to the classical Latin of the more educated. Most language experts agree that Vulgar Latin is the chief s
5、ource of the Romance languages.Medieval Romances were tales 6 (write) primary in French verse about brave heroes. The notion of having a romance with another person is thought 7 (develop) sometime during the Middle Ages. In the late 18th century and on through the 19th, a romance was not a love stor
6、y 8 a work of prose fiction that contained far-fetched, mysterious events. Romances of this period 9 (include) English Gothic novels like The Castle of Otranto by Horace Walpole.What exactly is a twentieth-century romance? Does it have any relationship with the lively, popular novels written today,
7、with their fantastic plots of love affairs? Or did the playwright Oscar Wilde have it right in The Picture of Dorian Gray: When one is in love, one always begins by deceiving (欺骗)10 and onealways ends by deceiving Othos. That is what the world calls a romance.【答案】1. searching2. which 3. are composed
8、4. as 5. what6. written 7. to have developed8. but 9. included考查动词短语辨析。句意：社交媒体上的一些负面经历，比如担心自己的外貌与别人的比较，确实会影响 一些孩子。A. accounting for 导致；B. boasting of 吹嘘；C. commenting on 评述；D. worrying about 担心。根 据空后的how your appearance compares to others一do affect some children.”可知，担心自己的外貌与别人的 比较会对一些孩子造成影响，故D项正确。【3
9、3题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：然而，这并不意味着（数字）技术的普遍使用是有害的，而且很难断言它如何 影响不同的人。A. in general通常、普遍；B. in particular特别、尤其；C.in private私下；D. in public当众。 根据常识可知，数字技术是现代社会的人们普遍使用的，故A项正确。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：想想联合国儿童基金会所描述的关于数字技术对儿童心理安慰的影响的研究， 包括幸福、心理健康和社会生活。A. domestic国内的；B. material物质的；C. physical体力的；D. psychological 心理的。根据
10、空后的“including happiness, mental health and social life.”可矢口止匕处指“心理安慰 故D项正确。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它没有说社交媒体有害，而是表明了一种更复杂的影响。A.complex复杂的； B. dramatic引人注目的；C.harmless无害的；D.predictable可预言的。根据下文对其研究发现的介绍可知， 联合国儿童基金会的研究表明社交媒体对儿童的影响很复杂，故A项正确。【36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：研究发现，在那些最不常使用电子产品的青少年中，增加使用电子产品的时 间可能与提高舒适度有关，因
11、为这对维持友谊很重要。A. improved改进的、提高的；B.maximum最大极 限的；C. relative 相关的；D. small 小的。根据空后-的“possibly because it was important fbr keeping up friendships. 可知，因为这对维持友谊很重要，所以对那些最不常使用电子产品的青少年来说，增加使用电子产品的时 间会提高舒适度，故A项正确。【37题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：相比之下，在使用科技产品最多的人群中，任何时间的增加都与舒适程度的降 低有关。A. As a rule照例;B.In contrast相比之下、与此相反;
12、C.On the whole大体上；D. Worse still更糟 的是。根据语境可知，此处是与那些最不常使用电子产品的青少年的对比，故B项正确。38题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对其他一些高质量研究提供的证据进行更广泛的研究再次表明，这一说法并 不能站得住脚。A. convincing令人信服的；B. definite 一定的、确切的；C. probable可能的；D. true正确的。 根据下文对2013年的一项早期研究结果的介绍可知，空前说的一些屏幕时间可能有利于儿童的心理健康 这种说法是站不住脚的，故B项正确。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是为数不多的追踪技术的影响随时
13、间变化的研究之一。A.estimating评估；B. experiencing体验；C. reducing减少；D. tracing追踪。空前说2013年的一项早期研究调查了 11000名英国 5岁儿童的电视和视频游戏习惯两年后对他们的影响，这说明这项研究追踪了技术的影响随时间变化，故 D项正确。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，玩电子游戏并没有被认为会导致更大的友谊或情感问题的风险。A. connection 连接;B. power 力量；C. promotion 提升；D. risk 风险。根据空后的of friendship or emotional problems”可知此处
14、指“友谊或情感问题的风险”，故D项正确。【41题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那么我们孩子的屏幕时间应该是多少呢？由于不同的孩子在网上花费时间的 方式不同，所以很难准确地界定。A. balanced平衡的；B. independent独立的；C.precise明确的、精确的； D. subjective主观的。不同的孩子在网上花费时间的方式不同，所以很难准确地界定孩子健康的屏幕时间 的量，故C项正确。【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:一般来说，人们都认为过多的糖对健康有害。A. agree同意；B. forget忘记；C. object 反对；D. remember 记得。根据空后的“t
15、hat too much sugar can be bad for your health”可知，一般来说， 人们都会同意过多的糖是对健康有害的，故A项正确。【43题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们不会轻易相信那些声称能预测一克糖对人的影响的人。Aequally平等地;B. readily容易地；C.reluctantly勉强；D.weakly无力地。空前说它可能产生的效果取决于从糖的种类到人 以及糖的量等许多因素，所以我们不会再轻易相信那些声称能预测一克糖对人的影响的人，故B项正确。 【44题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：社交媒体的使用也是如此：结果取决于如此多的因素，以至于只能粗略地预测
16、。A. emotion therapy 情绪疗法；B. social media 社交媒体；C. TV broadcasting 电视广告；D. video game 视频游 戏。本文主要讲的就是社交媒体的屏幕时间，故B项正确。【45题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. conAdent自信的；B.optimistic乐观的；C.rough粗略的；D. wild荒凉 的。社交媒体使用的结果取决于很多因素，所以不能精确地说出一个健康的屏幕时间，只能是粗略地预测， 故C项正确。【点睛】本篇第8空难度较大，抓住空后介绍的2013年的那项早期研究的结果是关键，根据力t suggested tha
17、t, compared with children who watched one hour of television or less on a weekday, a small increase in conduct problems was seen among those who watched more than three hours each day.”可知，这项研究表明，与工作日 看电视时间不超过一小时的儿童相比，每天看电视时间超过三小时的儿童的行为问题略有增加，这说明上 文说的“一些屏幕时间可能有利于儿童的心理健康”这种说法是站不住脚的，故B项definite正确。Secti
18、on B （22 分）Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unHnished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）For over a ce
19、ntury, throwing a pie into someones face has been a comedy element, thanks in part to Keystone. Established in 1912 by director Mack Sennett, the studio had a hand in making pie-throwing common.This phenomenon can be traced back before the earliest days of pre-1920s silent film. The fun of seeing an
20、 elegant dessert hit an actor, and watching them react with either anger or confusion, soon made its way to the screen. In 1913, Sennetfs Tatty?, launched the first such missile in a Keystone film. Soon, the studio became known for pie-throwing trick, and the high-flying desserts flew so freely that
21、 the studio needed its own bakery to make them.The answer turned out to be right across the street. Sarah Brener owned a variety store there, but she also supplied the studio with its pies. Sometimes, they were delicious. Charlie Chaplin said that Breners pies were the best in town. But often, they
22、had to be specially made for films. As pie fights in film grew more complicated, Breners bakery was soon making nothing else.Filmmakers preferred custard（蛋奶沙司）pies for throwing. They were appropriately messy and, likely less painful than a cherry pie would be to the face. But by the time the 1920s r
23、olled around, people had grown tired of them.Widespread pie-throwing faded, but it didnt die completely: Comedic films and animation alike have been peppered with pieing ever since, from Bugs Bunny to the Three Stooges. In 2015, a part of film history had been re-discovered: The Battle of the Centur
24、y”, where 3,000 pies sailed through the air. It was supposed to be the pie fight to end all others, but in 1965 the film “The Great Race” promised viewers the greatest pie fight in history. Thousands of real pies were used.Now, the Keystone building is a storage facility, and Breners bakery is long
25、gone. But the studios influence lives on in film, in the occasional throwing of a pie, and on a plate on the corner of the mere remaining building that reads:This was the birthplace of the motion picture comedy.”46. Which of the following is true about pie-throwing?A. Byl912 it had become surprising
26、ly common.B. The audience was angry or confused while seeing it.C. It stimulated citizens, great demand for pies.D. Keystone contributes to its being part of a comedy.47. With the increasing complexity of pie fight in film, Breners bakery.A. changed its sales policyB. specialized in making piesC. so
27、ld a variety of food besides piesD. made its pies famous nationwide48. Several films are mentioned in paragraph 5 in order to.A. pie-throwing was no longer appealingB. more pies are used in modern films than in silent onesC. viewers are dissatisfied with seeing just one scene of pie-throwingD. pie-t
28、hrowing can still be found in some kind of films49. What is the passage mainly about?A. The future development of comedic films.B. The history of pie-throwing in films.C. The fascinating past of Keystone.D. The birthplace of motion picture comedies.【答案】46.D47. B 48. D 49. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了喜剧电
29、影中扔馅饼的现象可以追溯到20世纪20年代以前的 无声电影，以及其发展演变。【46题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中 “For over a century, throwing a pie into someones face has been a comedy element, thanks in part to Keystone.（一个多世纪以来，把馅饼扔到别人脸上一直是一种喜剧元素，这在一定 程度上要归功于Keystone）”可知，D选项“Keystone让它成为喜剧的一部分”正确。故选D。【47题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中 uSoon, the studio became known
30、 for pie-throwing trick, and the high-flying desserts flew so freely that the studio needed its own bakery to make them.（很快，这家工作室就因投掷馅饼的 把戏而闻名，高空飞行的甜点如此自由，以至于工作室需要自己的面包店来制作它们）”可知，随着电影 中馅饼大战的日益复杂，布伦纳的面包店专门制作馅饼。故选B。48题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段Widespread pie-throwing faded, but it didnt die completely: Comedic fi
31、lms and animation alike have been peppered with pieing ever since, from Bugs Bunny to the Three Stooges. In 2015, a part of film history had been re-discovered: The Battle of the Century”, where 3,000 pies sailed through the air. It was supposed to be the pie fight to end all others, but in 1965 the
32、 film “The Great Race“ promised viewers the greatest pie fight in histoiy. Thousands of real pies were used.（大范围的扔馅饼行为已经消失了，但它并没有 完全消失：从那以后，从兔八哥到活宝三人组，喜剧电影和动画电影中都有撒满馅饼的场景。2015年，电影史的一部分被重新发现：“世纪之战”，3000个馅饼在空中飞行。它本应是终结其他一切 的馅饼大战，但1965年的电影大竞赛向观众承诺，这将是“历史上最伟大的馅饼大战”。他们用了 数千个真正的派）”可推知，在第5段中提到了几部电影，是为了说明在某
33、些类型的电影中仍然可以找到 扔馅饼的现象。故选D。【49题详解】主旨大意题。根据第段 “For over a century, throwing a pie into someones face has been a comedy element, thanks in part to Keystone. Established in 1912 by director Mack Sennett, the studio had a hand in making pie- throwing common.（一个多世纪以来，把馅饼扔到别人脸上一直是一种喜剧元素，这在一定程度上要归功 于Keystone
34、。该工作室于1912年由导演Mack Sennett创立，参与制作了投掷馅饼的活动）”结合文章主要 讲述了喜剧电影中扔馅饼的现象可以追溯到20世纪20年代以前的无声电影，以及其发展演变。可知， 这篇文章主要讲了电影中扔馅饼的历史。故选B。（B）New technology means that we no longer have to wait for anything. Therefore, you would expect waiting rooms to be filled with a lot of people complaining. However, a newspaper su
35、rvey suggests that people regard these spaces as a place of refuge, a window in their tightly scheduled lives. Here are some of the stories that people told.A Ella Doroudy, subway station. Friday 5 p.m.Weve been at the beach all day, and now were on our way home. We dont have to wait very long, beca
36、use we checked the schedule so we got here with about 15 minutes to spare. I just hang out and chat with my friends until the train comes. Waiting with other people is easier because its easier to kill time when you have someone to talk to.B Caroline Lacey, dentists office. Tuesday 3 p.m.I dont real
37、ly get nervous about a visit to the dentist, but since these two fillings came out Ive been in great pain. The office is bright and cheerful, so its pretty calming. I usually pass the time by browsing through magazines. Tve been coming to the dentist only when I need to, but Im going to have to star
38、t coming regularly. C Renata Oliveira, model casting. Tuesday 2 p.m.I was a little bit late today, which ended up being OK because some of these girls have been waiting for hours. You cant help but look around at everyone else-you look at the other girls and think: I wonder if theyUl like her better
39、 than they like me. While Im waiting, Tm thinking: Oh, come on. I dont have all day!”D Paul Thomas, hospital, waiting room. Wednesday 2 p.m.I feel pretty all right while Im waiting here, to be honest. Its something Ive been doing since my motorcycle accident seven years ago. Tve had about 32 operati
40、ons so far. This time Im here fbr one more in my foot. Ifs no use coming in thinking youre going to escape in five minutes, so I just sit back and people watch. 50. What are the four people talking about?A. How they like to wait.B. Why they hate waiting.C. Unhappy experience of waiting.D. Different
41、reasons for waiting long.51. Which of the following people kill the waiting time by talking with others?A. Ella Doroudy.B. Caroline Lacey.C. Renata Oliveira.D. Paul Thomas.52. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. Ella Doroudy waited at the subway station for more tha
42、n half an hour.B. Caroline Lacey doesnt think the dentists office is relaxing enough.C. Renata Oliveria failed in the model competition because she was late.D. Paul Thomas has got accustomed to waiting in the waiting room.【答案】50.A51. A 52. D【解析】【导语这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，你会认为等候室里会挤满很多抱怨的人，但实际上有些人把等 候室视为避难所。50
43、题详解】主旨大意题。由第一段中uTherefore, you would expect waiting rooms to be filled with a lot of peoplecomplaining. However, a newspaper survey suggests that people regard these spaces as a place of refuge, a window in their tightly scheduled lives. Here are some of the stories that people told.（因止匕,彳尔会认为等勺笑室里
44、会挤满很多抱怨的人。然而，一份报纸的调查显示，人们把这些等候室视为避难所，是他们安排严密的 生活中的一扇窗户。下面是人们讲的一些故事）”和下面四个关于在等候室等待的故事可知，文章主要谈 论，有些人把等候室视为避难所，喜欢等待。故选A项。【51题详解】细节理解题。由 A Ella Doroudy 中的 “I just hang out and chat with my friends until the train comes. Waiting with other people is easier because its easier to kill time when you have so
45、meone to talk to.（我只是出去和朋友 聊天，直到火车来。与其他人一起等待更容易，因为当你有人交谈时，消磨时间更容易）”可知，Ella Doroudy通过与他人交谈来打发等待时间。故选A项。【52题详解】细节理解题。由 D Paul Thomas 中的 “I feel pretty all right while Im waiting here, to be honest. Ws something Ive been doing since my motorcycle accident seven years ago. Tve had about 32 operations so
46、 far.（老 实说，我在这里等的时候感觉很好。自从七年前发生摩托车事故以来，我一直在做这件事。到目前为 止，我已经做了大约32次手术）”可知，Paul Thomas已经做了大约32次手术，换句话说他在等候室呆过 32次，而且他觉得等待的感觉很好，Paul Thomas已经习惯了在候诊室等候”正确。故选D项。（C）Since its founding in 1923, Yellow Corporation has been a leader in the transportation industry, using trucks to transport goods between point
47、s in Canada, the United States, and Mexico. For decades, Yellow achieved success by concentrating virtually all of its attention on increasing efficiency at every turn. Yellow has long been a master at ensuring that trucks are full before they have a warehouse, and it has also developed precisely ti
48、me delivery schedules.Unfortunately, Yellow eventually fell victim to its own success. As operational efficiency increased, customer service received less and less attention, and before long, newer and more responsive companies were taking away the firms customers. Accompanying this problem was the fact that the customers most likely to seek a more service-oriented transportation provider were also the ones willing to pay high prices for the extra service. As a result, Yellows financial performance began to decline, slowly at first, but then more dramatically. Naturally, the decline in profit