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1、第二篇第二篇攻专题攻专题 能力提升能力提升第二部分中考题型专题突破第二部分中考题型专题突破专题六专题六 短文改错短文改错 短文改错题考查的是学生对基础知识的掌握，考点分布较为广泛。考查名词时主要涉及名词的单复数形式；考查动词时主要涉及其时态与语态、不定式或动名词形式；对形容词与副词的考查主要涉及它们的相互误用，以及两者的比较级和在句中的位置等；考查代词时主要涉及人称代词的主格与宾格、形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词及反身代词等；介词、连词和冠词等也常常作为考点；还有就是考查句子或短文中的逻辑关系。命题分析命题分析1首先通读短文，初步理解短文大意，同时改正一些较明显的错误。短文中的一些句子就其本
2、身来看，无法确定错在何处，只有通读全文，了解句子与句子之间的关系才能找出正确答案。解题技巧解题技巧2在通读短文的基础上，一句一句地仔细阅读短文。(1)从语法分析入手。区别冠词a、an、the或零冠词(如不可数名词)的用法。区别名词的可数与不可数。若是可数名词则应注意应该是单数还是复数(且注意复数的变化形式是否正确)。形容词和副词的区别： a判定该用形容词还是副词。 b注意形容词和副词的比较级和最高级(且注意变化形式)。代词： a区别人称代词的主格和宾格。 b区别形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词。 c区别this/that、 these/those、one/ones、it/them。 d不定代词
3、(区别二者与三者；单数还是复数；肯定还是否定)。动词： a时态、语态(主谓一致、动词各种变化形式是否正确)及非谓语形式(不定式和动名词)。b动词短语的固定形式(如listen to与listen)。c区别近义词(如hear与listen to)。数词：判定该用基数词还是序数词(包括序数词的变化形式)。介词：正确区别、运用介词。连词：正确区别、运用连词。(2)从句子结构判定所用词是否恰当(重点从句子成分的角度着手，判断所用词性是否正确)。 (3)注意固定搭配(如the way to)。3用改正后的答案代替相应的错误部分，从头到尾再次阅读短文，验证改正的答案是否正确。【典例精析】(2019自贡)W
4、e often visit the museum last year. 答案：_visited_ Last month, my English teacher asks me to 86._take a part in an Englishspeaking competition.But 87._I doubt that I have the ability to win.It is known 88._to all my classmate that I can always speak English 89._as good as a native speaker.However, I d
5、are not 90._is usedexpress my ideas, especially in public.My best friend 91._Lisa has been encouraging me accept the challenge. 92._ On her opinion, as long as I try my best, I will 93._make it.After hear this, I have decided to have a try. 94._I hope I will be luck. 95._【文章大意】本文讲述了上个月英语老师让“我”去参加英语口
6、语竞赛的事。开始时“我”怀疑自己的能力，但在好朋友的劝说下“我”决定试试。【试题解析】86答案asked解析last month(上个月)是表示过去的时间状语，句子要用一般过去时。87答案a去掉解析take part in参加，是固定短语，不需要不定冠词。88答案whether/if解析在肯定句中，doubt(作动词)后的宾语从句用whether/if引导，而不能用that引导。89答案classmates解析all后接可数名词时，名词要用复数形式。90答案well解析speak English是动词短语，要用副词well修饰。91答案解析句意：然而，我不敢表达我的想法，尤其是在公共场合。es
7、pecially作副词，意为“尤其是”，符合此处的语法和语境，故该句正确。92答案在accept前加to解析encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事，是固定搭配，故要用不定式作宾语补足语。93答案In解析in ones opinion在某人看来，是固定短语。94答案hearing解析after是介词，后面的动词要用动名词形式。95答案lucky解析句意：我希望我会是幸运的。分析句意可知，此处应用形容词lucky(幸运的)作表语。【跟进训练】(2021遂宁)This term，we have a new course who is taught by our foreign
8、 teacher Alice every Tuesday.Her teaching style is different as our other teachers.We are always interesting in her classes.Besides English，Alice teaches us lots of things about America culture.Alice also shows us pictures of many other country.Although its hard to express ourselves in English，but w
9、e all try our best.She is always patient and encourage us not to be afraid of making mistakes.In Alices classes，we dont need to put up their hands to answer questions.Whenever we want to say something，we can just say it.Taking her classes is great chance to improve our spoken English.We enjoy Alices
10、 specially classes very much.She has really opened our eyes.86第一句who改为which/that87第二句as改为from88第三句interesting改为interested89第四句America改为American90第五句country改为countries91第六句删除but92第七句encourage改为encourages93第八句their改为our94倒数第三句great前加a95倒数第二句specially改为special20222022年年迎考特训迎考特训话题1：情感故事 A(2021四川雅安) Simo
11、n was very poor.One day he was very hungry 1._that he had to ask of something to eat.A young 2._woman gave him a large glass of milk.He drank it slowly and said quiet，“I have no money to pay for 3._them.” The woman smiled，“No need to pay.” 4._soforquietlyitYears later, Simon became one of the greate
12、st doctor in his city. 5._The woman is ill in hospital.He decided to help her. 6._He visited her every day. But she was unhappy.“Madam, you look much well than before. 7._Why does you look unhappy？” Simon asked. 8._“I have no money to pay for the medicine now，” said a woman.9._“Dont worried.You paid
13、 it with a glass of milk years ago.” 10._doctorswasbetterdotheworry B(2019四川雅安)I think my mother is one of the best mother in the 1._ world.She is very busy every day.She does chores for the family but cares about my study. She has taught me a lot. 2._ She always get up early in the morning to make
14、me breakfast. 3._Once，when I am ill，I couldnt eat.Mom was so worried 4._that she wouldnt eat，too.She does lots of things for me. 5._mothersandgetswaseitherBut she never wants something in return. 6._How will I show my thanks for my mother？ 7._First, Im going to give her a surprise birthday party and
15、 buy her a beautifully present this year. Second, Ill do well in school. 8._Third, Ill help her does the dishes after meals. 9._I want to make her happy.In an word，I love my mother 10._and Im deeply thankful to her.anythingtobeautifuldoa话题2：科普知识 C(2019四川巴中)Many students arent geting enough sleep at
16、1._night，which means they end up feeling sleepy during class.Taking a nap(午睡) during the day maybe a good way. 2._According to Forbes，a midafternoon nap can made 3._you clear mind，and help you study much well. 4._gettingmay bemakebetterBut what_time should students sleep？“The 5._right time should be
17、 between 10 and 30 minute.” 6._Peter Venn, an sleep expert said. 7._Sleeping at a short time, such as five minutes 8._or so，is not help.Thats just not enough time to 9._rest.And if you sleep for too long，you may wake 10._up feeling uncomfortable.how longminutesaforhelpfulBut话题3：教育引导 D(2021广西玉林改编) La
18、st week，I read an education story.Its name 1._is An Old Horse Knows the Way.The story was 2._happened in the Spring and Autumn Period.Duke Huan of the Qi State (齐桓公) led a army of the south to fight a state 3._ in the north.They went in spring and planned to end on August.But the war lasted till win
19、ter. 4._When they came back，as farther as they could see， 5._educationalwas删掉删掉aninfarthe road was covered with snow.As a result，they lost their way home.When all the soldiers worried what to do next， 6._suddenly，the prime minister Guan Zhong said, “Old horses are clever animal who may know the way
20、back home.” 7._ They chose any old horses to guide them.With the help of 8._ the old horses，they found the way back home.Sometime，when we dont know how to solve problems， 9._we may get the advices from those who are experienced. 10._worried后加后加aboutanimalssomeSometimesadvice话题4：提建议 E(2021贵州遵义改编)Dear
21、 Dad，Im writing this letter because I hope you wont smoke any more.After looking up a lot of informations about smoking， 1._I know how harm it is.Thousands of people 2._died from smoking every year.I hope you will not be 3._one of they.Besides, smoking may cause many illnesses 4._informationharmfuld
22、iethemfor people which are close to the smokers. 5._You shouldnt get angrily when mom asks you not to 6._smoking，because she doesnt want us to be 7._influence.Although it is very difficult to stop smoking, 8._but we will do our best to help you. You must 9._have try. 10._Your loving daughter，Katewho
23、angrysmokeinfluencedbut删掉删掉have后加后加a话题5：人物故事 F(2021贵州铜仁) Li Bais writings have influenced the lives of millions. He was an famous character in Chinese literature. 1._He is considering to be one of the best romantic 2._poets in China. He was born on the year 701AD. 3._He lived during the Tang dynasty
24、.In her lifetime，he wrote a lot 4._of poetry. Most of his poem are full of imagination and reactivity.More 5._aconsideredinhispoemsthan 900 of his poems were still read today. 6._Still Night Thoughts was written for him.It is 7._easy to understand and very moved.It expresses 8._the feelings of the man which is far away from 9._his hometown.Most Chinese children can recite it very good. 10._aretomovingwhowell