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1、学习必备 欢迎下载 初二英语期末复习冀教版 【本讲教育信息】一.教学内容：期末复习 二.教学重点、难点：1.The dictionary costs 30 pounds.cost 花费 It will cost you 500 dollars to mend the car.修理这部汽车你要花费 500 美元。I spend a lot of time on physics.我把大量的时间花费在学习物理上。spend Helen spent her holiday（in）reading and watching TV.海伦的假期是在读书和看电视中度过的。Who paid the bill?谁付
2、的账?I paid 200 dollars for this watch.买这块手表我花了 200 美元。It takes him two hours to do his homework every evening.（改为同义句）Mr.Li paid 300 dollars for his new shoes.“人”做主语，表示花费时月做某事时，通常使用句型 sb.spend in doing sth.。“物”做主语，表示花费某人多少钱，常使用句型 sth.cost sb.2.That sounds like a fun project!那听起来像是个很有趣的工程。（1）sounds 是谓语
3、动词的单数第三人称形式。sound 常被 看作系动词，其后须加形容词，不可用进行式。如 That story sounds very interesting.那个故事听起来很有趣。This music sounds wonderful.这首乐曲听起来棒极了。（2）sound 作为动词的其他用法：sound名词.意思是“听起来”。This plan sounds a good one.这计划听起来不错。In the word“climb”the“b”is not sounded.在“climb”这个单词中，“b”字母不发音。sound like 是固定词组，意思是“听着像”。如 That sou
4、nds like a plane.听着像飞机的声音。“Gh”sounds likefin the word“rough”在单词“rough”中的“gh”发f音。sound形容词。如：“Sea”and“see”sound the same.Her voice sounds as if she has a cold.她的声音听起来像是感冒了。（3）sound 作为名词，意思是“声音”。学习必备 欢迎下载 Sound travels in wave.声音靠声波传送。3.first 与 at first （1）first“首先”，表示做事情的第一步，强调顺序。（2）at first。“最初，开始的时候
5、”。表示最初的情况，而最后不是这样。4.space 与 sky （1）space 作“太空”讲，泛指肉眼看不见的地方。（2）sky 的意思是“天空”，表示距离较近的、肉眼能看见的空间。5.problem （1）problem 指特别难的问题，特别是需要通过实际行动解决的问题。（2）question 意义广泛，指需要回答的问题，常与 ask 和 answer 连用 6.leave 与 forget 这两个词都有“遗忘；丢下”的意思。（1）如果说“遗忘某物”，可以用 forget，但其后不能接具体地点。（2）若接具体地点，就该用 leave 而不用 forget I forget my watch
6、.She left her purse at home.7.情态动词的用法 情态动词本身有一定词义，但不能单独作谓语，只能和动词原形一起构成谓语。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。8.现在完成时态和过去完成时态的用法 现在完成时态（1）现在完成时态所表示的意思：现在完成时态表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态对现在造成的影响或结果，过去的这个动作或状态也有可能持续下去。（2）现在完成时态的构成：现在完成时态的句子结构是“主语助动词 havehas动词过去分词”。动词过去分词的构成方式有两种情况：规则变化和不规则变化。规则变化的过去分词与动词过去式的变化一样，也是在词尾加 ed 构成；不规则变化的过去分词需
7、要死记。（3）现在完成时态的用法：表示一个动作刚刚结束或完成。但这个动作所造成的状态或影响目前依然存在。即表示过去的动作对现在的影响或结果，强调现在的情况。常与副词 just，already，yet 等连用。注意：just，already 常用于肯定句中，yet 常用于否定句或疑问句句尾。（4）现在完成时态的句子转换 肯定式：They haveTheyve just finished their homework.They havent finished their homework yet.疑问式：Have they finished their homework yet?简略答语：Yes，
8、they have.No,they havent.肯定式：She has seen the movie already.否定式 She hasnt seen the movie yet.你要花费美元我把大量的时间花费在学习物理上海伦的假期是在读书和看电视中度过的谁付的账买这块手表我花了美元改为同义句人做主语表示花费时月做某事时通常使用句型物做主语表示花费某人多少钱常使用句型那听起来像是有趣这首乐曲听起来棒极了作为动词的其他用法名词意思是听起来这计划听起来不错在这个单词中字母不发音是固定词组意思是听着像如听着像飞机的声音在单词中的发音形容词如她的声音听起来像是感冒了作为名词意思是声音学这样与作太
9、空讲泛指肉眼看不见的地方的意思是天空表示距离较近的肉眼能看见的空间指特别难的问题特别是需要通过实际行动解决的问题意义广泛指需要回答的问题常与和连用与这两个词都有遗忘丢下的意思如果说遗忘某物可以学习必备 欢迎下载 疑问式：Has she seen the movie yet?简略答语：Yes，she has.No，she hasnt.过去完成时态 （1）过去完成时态的构成 过去完成时由“助动词 had（用于各种人称和数）过去分词”构成。（2）过去完成时的用法 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。跟过去完成时连用的状语常见的有：by，at，before，after，alr
10、eady，yet，still，ever，never，hardly。如：He had been very ill before he died.他在去世之前病得很重。As soon as he had left the room.I turned on the radio.他一离开房间，我就打开了收音机。I had not understood the problem until he explained it.直到他解释我才明白这个问题。She had left by the time I arrived.我到达时她已经离开了。过去完成时还可以表示从过去某一时间开始并持续到过去另一时间的动作或
11、状态，与表示一段时间的状语连用。如：I asked him what he had been doing all afternoon.我问他整整一个下午他都在做什么。He had lived in Scotland for fifteen years before going to England.他在来英格兰之前在苏格兰住了 15 年。9.be good for 对有好处 This is good for you.这对你有好处。（1）be good at“在方面擅长”，其后加名词或者动名词。如：Im good at English.我擅长英语。He is good at playing fo
12、otball.他擅长踢足球。（2）be bad for 对没有好处。如：Eating too much is bad for you.吃得太多对你没有好处。10.be made up of 表示“由组成构成”。The group is made up of ten students.这个组由 10 名学生组成。（1）be made of 表示“由制成”，仍可看出原材料。如：The chair is made of wood.这把椅子是用木头做成的。（2）be made from 表示“由制成”，看不出原材料。如：Paper is made from wood.纸是由木头制成的。（3）be ma
13、de by 表示“某物由某人或某单位制造”。强调动作与执行者之间的关系。如：The kite was made by Jim.这风筝是吉姆做的。（4）be made in 表示“某物生产于某地”，后接产地。如：你要花费美元我把大量的时间花费在学习物理上海伦的假期是在读书和看电视中度过的谁付的账买这块手表我花了美元改为同义句人做主语表示花费时月做某事时通常使用句型物做主语表示花费某人多少钱常使用句型那听起来像是有趣这首乐曲听起来棒极了作为动词的其他用法名词意思是听起来这计划听起来不错在这个单词中字母不发音是固定词组意思是听着像如听着像飞机的声音在单词中的发音形容词如她的声音听起来像是感冒了作为名
14、词意思是声音学这样与作太空讲泛指肉眼看不见的地方的意思是天空表示距离较近的肉眼能看见的空间指特别难的问题特别是需要通过实际行动解决的问题意义广泛指需要回答的问题常与和连用与这两个词都有遗忘丢下的意思如果说遗忘某物可以学习必备 欢迎下载 This bike is made in Jinan 这辆自行车是济南生产的。（5）be made into 表示“做成某产品”。如：Wood is made into paper.木头被制成纸张。11.more than 的反义词是 less than（少于）。如：More than an hour 多于 1 小时 Less than an hour 少于 1
15、 小时 （1）more or less 差不多，或多或少。如：We hope our explaination will prove more or less helpful.希望我们的说明或多或少地能有些帮助。（2）no more 也不；都不。如：He cant afford a new car,and no more can I.他买不起新车，我也买不起。（3）the more，the better 越越。如：The more angry he became the more she laughed at him.他越生气，她就越嘲笑他。The more friends you have,
16、the happier you will be.朋友越多，你会越快乐。12.population n.人口,人数 集体名词，无复数形式，在句中作主语时.谓语动词用单数形式。如：The population today is growing very fast.目前的人口增长很快。问某地有多少人口时，用 What iswas the population of 地名 如：Whats the population of China?中国有多少人口?What is the population of your city?你居住的城市有多少人口？13.I think I found it.我想我发现了
17、它。（1）think 接 that 宾语从句时意为“认为”“觉得”。且从句前的 that 可省略。如：I think that he is a good student.我认为他是个好学生。I think China will win the World Cup.我认为中国会赢得世界杯。（2）当 think 后的宾语从句含有否定概念时，通常形式上否定 think，但意义上却是否定宾语从句。如 I dont think it will rain.我认为天不会下雨。I dont think Ill take it.我想我不会买它。（3）think about 可接一个名词，动词-ing形式或由疑问
18、句引导的不定式或宾语从句，表示“考虑”。如：He is thinking about a problem.他正在考虑一个问题。Please think about how to tell her mother the bad news.请考虑一下怎样把这个坏消息告诉她的母亲。（4）think of“认为，想起”。如：你要花费美元我把大量的时间花费在学习物理上海伦的假期是在读书和看电视中度过的谁付的账买这块手表我花了美元改为同义句人做主语表示花费时月做某事时通常使用句型物做主语表示花费某人多少钱常使用句型那听起来像是有趣这首乐曲听起来棒极了作为动词的其他用法名词意思是听起来这计划听起来不错在这个
19、单词中字母不发音是固定词组意思是听着像如听着像飞机的声音在单词中的发音形容词如她的声音听起来像是感冒了作为名词意思是声音学这样与作太空讲泛指肉眼看不见的地方的意思是天空表示距离较近的肉眼能看见的空间指特别难的问题特别是需要通过实际行动解决的问题意义广泛指需要回答的问题常与和连用与这两个词都有遗忘丢下的意思如果说遗忘某物可以学习必备 欢迎下载 What do you think of the play?How do you findlikeenjoy the play?你觉得这部剧怎么样？I think Mr.Wang is a good teacher.我觉得王先生是一个好老师。14.aliv
20、e 与 living（1）alive 只作表语，不作定语。（2）living 的意思是“活着的；现存的”，作定语或表语均可。15.不定代词的用法。（1）定义：不定代词代替名词或形容词，在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语和定语。（2）不定代词的具体用法：any 一些，任何。多用于否定或疑问句中，any 在句中作主语、宾语、定语。any 作定语时，它所修饰的名词没有单复数限制。一般多用复数，any 用在肯定句中，表示“任何”。如：You can come any time.你任何时候都可以来。some 一些，某些，某个。多用在肯定句中也可以用在表示邀请或者对方可能给予肯定回答的疑问句中。如：There
21、are a lot of flowers in the garden.Some are white，which I like very much.花园里有许多花。一些是白色的，我特别喜欢。Will you have some coffee，please?喝点咖啡吗?Many of the students like English very much.许多学生非常喜欢英语。16.much 许多。在句中作主语、宾语、定语。much 在句中代替或修饰不可数名词。There is not much ink in the bottle.瓶子里没多少墨水了。17.a few，a little，few，l
22、ittle 几个，一点儿，没几个，没多少。它们在句中作主语、宾语、定语，其中 a few 和 few 代替或修饰可数名词.a little 和 little代替或修饰不可数名词，它们表示少量，不多，几个，只是主观上的一种相对说法，并没有具体的数量标准。如：Few of the books are cheap.现在没几本书是便宜的。A few friends came to see me yesterday.昨天有几个朋友来看我。I have a little money to buy the book.我的这点钱能买这本书。There is little water in the the bo
23、ttle.瓶里没多少水了。18.宾语从句的用法。（1）宾语从句的位置与陈述结构中的宾语相同.它可作及物动词或介词的宾语。that引导的宾语从句，that 在从句中不充当任何句子成分，只起连接主句和从句的作用，that 不你要花费美元我把大量的时间花费在学习物理上海伦的假期是在读书和看电视中度过的谁付的账买这块手表我花了美元改为同义句人做主语表示花费时月做某事时通常使用句型物做主语表示花费某人多少钱常使用句型那听起来像是有趣这首乐曲听起来棒极了作为动词的其他用法名词意思是听起来这计划听起来不错在这个单词中字母不发音是固定词组意思是听着像如听着像飞机的声音在单词中的发音形容词如她的声音听起来像是感
24、冒了作为名词意思是声音学这样与作太空讲泛指肉眼看不见的地方的意思是天空表示距离较近的肉眼能看见的空间指特别难的问题特别是需要通过实际行动解决的问题意义广泛指需要回答的问题常与和连用与这两个词都有遗忘丢下的意思如果说遗忘某物可以学习必备 欢迎下载 用翻译出来。在句中常省略。如：The trouble is（that）we are short of money.困难在于我们缺钱。She said（that）she would come.她说她要来的。（2）宾语从句的主句如果是一般现在时，其宾语从句可以根据需要用任何时态。如：I hope（that）I will become a doctor.我希
25、望我将来成为一名医生。I dont know he has told you all about it.我不知道他把一切情况都告诉你了。（3）当宾语从句的主句是一般过去时态时，主句应该用过去范围的时态，即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时和过去完成时。但如果从句所表达的内容是不变的客观真理时，仍用一般现在时。如：We thought we would lose the game.我们原以为我们会输掉这场比赛。Mr.Smith said the earth goes around the sun.史密斯先生说地球绕着太阳转。【模拟试题】一.词汇（10）1.根据句意和首字母填单词（1）There
26、is something wrong with my head,I have a h .（2）Youre all right,nothing s .（3）If you learn it by heart,nothing is d .（4）Dont worry.You have e time to catch the train.（5）This is my first time to visit the park.Ive n been there before.2.用所给词的适当形式填空（1）He is ill.（terrible）（2）Where is my bag?It is .（miss）
27、（3）There are some animals on this island.（danger）（4）I had to take care of .（I）（5）They are all very places.（interest）二.单项选择（20）（）1.He gets up early and hes never late for school.A.usually B.nearly C.always D.almost（）2.you tell him to telephone me if you him?A.Will,will see B.Do,see C.Will,see D.Would
28、,will see（）3.You mustnt play football in the street because theres traffic.A car may hit you.A.much too B.too much C.too many D.many too（）4.Certainly.You can keep them .A.for two weeks B.two weeks ago 你要花费美元我把大量的时间花费在学习物理上海伦的假期是在读书和看电视中度过的谁付的账买这块手表我花了美元改为同义句人做主语表示花费时月做某事时通常使用句型物做主语表示花费某人多少钱常使用句型那听起来
29、像是有趣这首乐曲听起来棒极了作为动词的其他用法名词意思是听起来这计划听起来不错在这个单词中字母不发音是固定词组意思是听着像如听着像飞机的声音在单词中的发音形容词如她的声音听起来像是感冒了作为名词意思是声音学这样与作太空讲泛指肉眼看不见的地方的意思是天空表示距离较近的肉眼能看见的空间指特别难的问题特别是需要通过实际行动解决的问题意义广泛指需要回答的问题常与和连用与这两个词都有遗忘丢下的意思如果说遗忘某物可以学习必备 欢迎下载 C.of two weeks D.two weeks long（）5.I cant find the key my bike.A.of B.with C.at D.to（）
30、6.She went out of the tea house.A.quite B.quiet C.quickly D.quick（）7.He made us .A.laugh B.laughs C.laughed D.to laugh（）8.Tom Mary wants to go shopping after school.A.Both and B.So that C.Too to D.Neither nor （）9.I think you neednt him anywhere because you wont him.You must first if he is in the cit
31、y.A.look for,find,find out B.find,look for,find out C.find out,find,look for D.look for,find out,find（）10.I dont feel like anything.A.to do B.doing C.do D.did（）11.There are a lot of trees on of the road.A.every side B.each side C.all sides D.neither sides（）12.Henry hit me the head and now I have a p
32、ain my head.A.on,in B.in,on C.in,in D.on,on（）13.I have to tell you.A.important something B.something important C.important anything D.anything important（）14.After that,the man lived here.A.not any longer B.no longer C.not D.not any more（）15.The teacher came in.All the students stopped and to him.A.t
33、alking,listened B.talking,listening C.to talk,listened D.to talk,listen（）16.This table is too small.it away and a big one.A.Bring,take B.Take,bring C.Take,take D.Bring,get（）17.The weather in Beijing is colder than in Hainan.A.those B.that C.the one D.this（）18.Must I finish the work today?No,you ,you
34、 go and have a rest now.A.neednt,must B.must,may C.neednt,can D.may not,must（）19.I was ,but I didnt feel .A.alone,alone B.alone,lonely C.lonely,alone D.lonely,lonely（）20.The food tastes .A.good B.well C.deliciously D.wonderfully 你要花费美元我把大量的时间花费在学习物理上海伦的假期是在读书和看电视中度过的谁付的账买这块手表我花了美元改为同义句人做主语表示花费时月做某事时
35、通常使用句型物做主语表示花费某人多少钱常使用句型那听起来像是有趣这首乐曲听起来棒极了作为动词的其他用法名词意思是听起来这计划听起来不错在这个单词中字母不发音是固定词组意思是听着像如听着像飞机的声音在单词中的发音形容词如她的声音听起来像是感冒了作为名词意思是声音学这样与作太空讲泛指肉眼看不见的地方的意思是天空表示距离较近的肉眼能看见的空间指特别难的问题特别是需要通过实际行动解决的问题意义广泛指需要回答的问题常与和连用与这两个词都有遗忘丢下的意思如果说遗忘某物可以学习必备 欢迎下载 三.句型转换（10）1.He got up very late.He couldnt catch the early
36、 bus.（合为一个句子）He got up late catch the early bus.2.The boy is so strong.He can carry the heavy box.（合为一个句子）The boy is carry the heavy box.3.Mark Twain said nothing when he heard the news.Mark Twain say when he heard the news.4.Its only five kilometers from here to the station.（就划线部分提问）is it from here
37、 to the station?5.She often leaves her son alone at home.She often leaves her son at home.（同义句转换）四.完成对话（10）A：Excuse me,sir.How can I get to the Science Museum?B：Sorry,（1）.I dont live in this city.A：OK,（2）.Excuse me,madam.Can you tell me how I can get to the Museum?C：（3）？A：The Science Museum.C：Oh,I s
38、ee.A：（4）？C：（5）.Its just 20 minutes walk.Come on.Let me show you how to get there.A：Thanks a lot.C：Not at all.五.阅读理解（30）Passage A A Great Boxer And His Coat Once a great boxer,Tom Brown,went to restaurant for dinner.He took off his coat and left it at the door,but he was afraid that somebody would ta
39、ke it.So he took a piece of paper and wrote on it,“The great boxer,Tom Brown,has left his coat here;he will come back in a few minutes.”He put the paper on his coat and went to have his dinner.When he returned,his coat was not there,but he found a piece of paper in its place.It said,“A great runner
40、has taken away your coat,and he will not come back at all.”选择正确答案：（）1.Tom Brown was .A.a famous boxer B.a great runner C.a poor writer D.an ordinary waiter（）2.The boxer put a piece of paper on his coat because .A.he was afraid that somebody would take the note B.he thought that no one dared to steal
41、 a great boxers coat C.he would leave away for a few minutes D.he wanted to tell his friend that he was in the restaurant 你要花费美元我把大量的时间花费在学习物理上海伦的假期是在读书和看电视中度过的谁付的账买这块手表我花了美元改为同义句人做主语表示花费时月做某事时通常使用句型物做主语表示花费某人多少钱常使用句型那听起来像是有趣这首乐曲听起来棒极了作为动词的其他用法名词意思是听起来这计划听起来不错在这个单词中字母不发音是固定词组意思是听着像如听着像飞机的声音在单词中的发音形容
42、词如她的声音听起来像是感冒了作为名词意思是声音学这样与作太空讲泛指肉眼看不见的地方的意思是天空表示距离较近的肉眼能看见的空间指特别难的问题特别是需要通过实际行动解决的问题意义广泛指需要回答的问题常与和连用与这两个词都有遗忘丢下的意思如果说遗忘某物可以学习必备 欢迎下载（）3.After having his dinner,the boxer .A.took off his coat B.took out a piece of paper and wrote something on it C.found that his coat was gone D.Stopped the thief（）4
43、.The mans paper told Tom Brown that .A.he could run as fast as a runner B.he could not get back his coat again C.a great runner was afraid of a boxer D.the runner would not be back in time（）5.Do you think who took away the boxers coat?A.An old man B.Another boxer C.A real thief D.A friend of his Pas
44、sage B Dick was a waiter in a small restaurant.One day a man came in and sat down at one of the tables.Dick greeted him and wanted to find out what he wanted to eat.The man said he would like some chicken with potatoes and other vegetables.“Roast chicken.”he added as Dick was leaving.“Very well,sir.
45、”Dick answered and disappeared into the kitchen.But the man called him back,saying,“Just a moment,waiter.Please try to have it cooked just right not too little and not too much,and with a little fat as possible.”“Very well,sir,”answered Dick.“Ill tell the cook.”Once more he began to go towards the k
46、itchen,but again the man stopped with the words,“Oh,and I forgot to explain that Im fond of the leg.”“Very well,sir,”answered Dick.“Do you prefer the left leg,or the right?”（）1.Why did Dick ask the man what he wanted to eat?A.Because the man said he would like some chicken.B.Because Dick was a waite
47、r.C.Because he was hungry.D.Because he enjoyed doing so.（）2.Did the man like chicken when it was rather raw?A.Yes,he did.B.No,he didnt.C.Yes,he often ate some with potatoes.D.No,he didnt like it very much but sometimes he did.（）3.Did the man like fat or thin?A.He liked thin.B.He liked neither fat no
48、r thin C.He liked fat.D.He didnt like fat very much but sometimes he did.（）4.How many times did the man call Dick back?A.3 B.4 C.5 D.2（）5.What part of the chicken did the man like?你要花费美元我把大量的时间花费在学习物理上海伦的假期是在读书和看电视中度过的谁付的账买这块手表我花了美元改为同义句人做主语表示花费时月做某事时通常使用句型物做主语表示花费某人多少钱常使用句型那听起来像是有趣这首乐曲听起来棒极了作为动词的其他
49、用法名词意思是听起来这计划听起来不错在这个单词中字母不发音是固定词组意思是听着像如听着像飞机的声音在单词中的发音形容词如她的声音听起来像是感冒了作为名词意思是声音学这样与作太空讲泛指肉眼看不见的地方的意思是天空表示距离较近的肉眼能看见的空间指特别难的问题特别是需要通过实际行动解决的问题意义广泛指需要回答的问题常与和连用与这两个词都有遗忘丢下的意思如果说遗忘某物可以学习必备 欢迎下载 A.legs B.right leg C.head D.neck Passage C The giraffe is the tallest modern land animal.It can be over 5.5
50、 metres tall.Its neck alone may be 1.9 metres long.Yet the giraffe has only seven bones（骨）in its neck,the same number as in the human（人类）.Even a small bird has many more bones in its neck than in a tall giraffe.Each bone in a giraffes neck is very long,while the bones in a human neck are small.That