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1、英 语考核目标与要求一、语言知识要求考生掌握并能运用英语语音、词汇、语法基础知识以及所学功能意念和话题(见附 录 1 至 附 录 5),要求词汇量为3 5 0 0 左右。二、语言运用1.听力要求考生能听懂所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话。考生应能：(1)理解主旨要义；(2)获取具体的事实性信息；(3)对所听内容做出推断；(4)理解说话者的意图、观点和态度。2.阅读要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等,并能从中获取相关信息。考生应能：(1)理解主旨要义；(2)理解文中具体信息；(3)根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义；(4)做出判断和推理；(5)理解文章的基本结构；(
2、6)理解作者的意图、观点和态度。3.写作要求考生根据提示进行书面表达。考生应能：(1)清楚、连贯地传递信息，表达意思；(2)有效运用所学语言知识。4.口语要求考生根据提示进行口头表达。考生应能：(1)询问或传递事实性信息，表达意思和想法；1（2）做到语音、语调自然;（3）做到语言运用得体；（4）使用有效的交际策略。2附录1语音项目表1.基本读音(1)26个字母的读音(2)元音字母在重读音节中的读音(3)元音字母在轻读音节中的读音(4)元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音(5)常见的元音字母组合在轻读音节中的读音(6)辅音字母组合的读音(7)辅音连缀的读音(8)成节音的读音2.重音(1)单词重音(2)
3、句子重音3.读音的变化(1)连读(2)失去爆破弱读 同化4.语调与节奏(1)意群与停顿 语调 节奏5.语音、语调、重音、节奏等在口语交流中的运用6.朗诵和演讲中的语音技巧7.主要英语国家的英语语音差异3附录2 语法项目表1.名词(1)可数名词及其单复数(2)不可数名词(3)专有名词(4)名词所有格2.代词(1)人称代词(2)物主代词(3)反身代词(4)指示代词(5)不定代词(6)疑问代词3 .数词(1)基数词 序数词4 .介词和介词短语5.连词6 .形容词(比较级和最高级)7 .副词(比较级和最高级)8.冠词9.动词(1)动词的基本形式(2)系动词(3)及物动词和不及物动词(4)助动词(5)情
4、态动词1 0 .时态(1)一般现在时(2)一般过去时4(3)一般将来时(4)现在进行时(5)过去进行时(6)过去将来时(7)将来进行时(8)现在完成时(9)过去完成时(10)现在完成进行时11.被动语态12.非谓语动词(1)动词不定式 动词的-ing形式(3)动词的-ed形式13.构词法(1)合成法(2)派生法(3)转化法(4)缩写和简写14.句子种类(1)陈述句 疑问句(3)祈使句(4)感叹句15.句子成分主语(2)谓语 表语 宾语(5)定语(6)状语补语516.简单句的基本句型17.主谓一致18.并列复合句19.主从复合句(1)宾语从句(2)状语从句(3)定语从句(4)主语从句(5)表语从
5、句20.间接引语21.省略22.倒装23.强调24.虚拟语气6附录3 功能意念项目表1.社会交往(Social Communications)问 候(Greetings)(2)介 绍(Introduction)(3)告 别(Farewells)(4)感 谢(Thanks)i&M(Apologies)(6)邀 请(Invitation)(7)请求允许(Asking for permission)(8)祝愿和祝贺(Expressing wishes and congratulations)(9)提供帮助(Offering help)(10)接受和拒绝(Acceptance and refusal)
6、(11)约 会(Making appointments)(12)打电话(Making telephone calls)(13)就 餐(Having meals)(14)就 医(Seeing the doctor)(15)购 物(Shopping)(16)问路(Asking the way)(17)谈论天气(Talking about weather)(18)语言交际困难(Language difficulties in communication)(19)提醒注意(Reminding)(20)警告和禁止(Warning and prohibition)(21)劝 告(Advice)(22)建
7、议(Suggestions)2.态 度(Attitudes)(23)同意和不同意(Agreement and disagreement)(24)喜欢和不喜欢(Likes and dislikes)(25)肯定和不肯定(Certainty and uncertainty)(26)可能和不可能(Possibility and impossibility)(27)能够和不能够(Ability and inability)7(28)偏爱和优先选择(Preference)(29)意愿和打算(Intentions and plans)(30)希望和愿望(Hopes and wishes)(31)表扬和鼓励
8、(Praise and encouragement)(32)责备和 抱怨(Blame and complaint)(33)冷 淡(Indifference)(34)判断与评价(Judgement and evaluation)3.情感(Emotions)(35)高兴(Happiness)(36)惊 奇(Surprise)(37)忧 虑(Worries)(38)安 慰(Reassurance)(39)满 意(Satisfaction)(40)遗 憾(Regret)(41)同 情(Sympathy)(42)恐 惧(Fear)(43)愤 怒(Anger)4.时 间(Time)(44)时 刻(Poin
9、t of time)(45)时 段(Duration)(46)频 度(Frequency)(47)时 序(Sequence)5.空 间(Space)(48)位 置(Position)(49)方 向(Direction)(50)距 离(Distance)6.存 在(Existence)(51)存在与不存在(Existence and Non-existence)7.特 征(Features)(52)形 状(Shape)(53)颜 色(Colour)8(54)材 料(Material)(55)价 格(Price)(56)规 格(Size)(57)年 龄(Age)8.计 量(Measuremenl)
10、(58)长 度(Length)(59)宽 度(Width)(60)高 度(Height)(61)数 量(Number)9.比 较(Comparison)(62)同级比较(Equal comparison)(63)差别比较(Comparative and superlative)(64)相似和差别(Similarity and difference)10.逻辑关系(Logical relations)(65)原因和 结果(Cause and effect)(66)目的(Purpose)11.职 业(Occupations)(67)工 作(Jobs)(68)单 位(Employer)9附录4话题项
11、目表1.个人情况(Personal information)2.家庭、朋友与周围的人(Family,friends and people around)3.周围的环境(Personal environments)4.日常活动(Daily routines)5.学校生活(School life)6.兴趣与爱好(Interests and hobbies)7.个人感情(Emotions)8.人际关系(Interpersonal relationships)9.计划与愿望(Plans and intentions)10.节假日活动(Festivals,holidays and celebration
12、s)11.(Shopping)12.饮 食(Food and drink)13.健 康(Health)14.天 气(Weather)15.文娱与体育(Enterlainmenl and sports)16.旅游和交通(Travel and transport)17.语言学习(Language learning)18.自然(Nature)19.世界与环境(The world and the environment)20.科普知识与现代技术(Popular science and modern technology)21.热点话题(Topical issues)22.历史与地理(History a
13、nd geography)23.社 会(Society)24.文学与艺术(Literature and art)10附录5词汇表Aaccommodation na(an)artaccompany vabandon vaccomplish vability naccount nable aaccountant nabnormal aaccumulate vaboard prepaccuracy nabolish vaccurate aabortion/?accuse vabout ad&prepaccustomed aabove prep,a&adache v&nabroad adachieve
14、 vabrupt aachievement nabsence nacid aabsent aacknowledge vabsolute aacquaintance nabsorb vacquire vabstract a&nacquisition nabsurd aacre nabundant aacross prepabuse vact/?6 vacademic a&naction nacademy nactive aaccelerate vactivity naccent nactor naccept vactress naccess n&vactual aaccessible aacut
15、e aaccident nAD abbr11ad=advertisement nafford vadapt vafraid aadaptation nAfrica nadd vAfrican a&naddicted aafter ad,prep&conjaddition nafternoon naddress nafterward(s)adadequate aagain adadjust vagainst prepadjustment nage nadministration nagency nadmirable aagenda nadmire vagent nadmission naggre
16、ssive aadmit vago adadolescence nagree vadolescent a&nagreement nadopt vagricultural aadore vagriculture nadult nahead adadvance v&naid n&vadvantage nAIDS nadventure naim n&vadvertise vair nadvertisement naircraft nadvice nairline nadvise vairmail nadvocate vairplane naffair nairport naffect vairspa
17、ce naffection nalarm n&v12album namazing aalcohol nambassador nalcoholic a&nambassadress nalgebra nambiguous aalike adambition nalive aambulance nall ad,a&pronAmerica nallergic aamong prepalley namount n&vallocate vample aallow vamuse vallowance namusement nalmost adanalyse valone aanalysis nalong a
18、d&prepancestor nalongside adanchor v&naloud adancient aalphabet nand conjalready adanecdote nalso adanger nalternative aangle nalthough conjangry aaltitude nanimal naltogether adankle naluminiumanniversary n(Am aluminum)nannounce valways adannoy vam v(be)annual aa.m./am,A.M./AM abbranother a&pronama
19、teur aanswer n&vamaze vant n13Antarctic aappropriate aantique napproval nanxiety napprove vanxious aapproximately adany pron&aapron nanybody pronarbitrary aanyhow adarch nanyone pronarchitect nanything pronarchitecture nanyway adArctic aanywhere adare v(be)apart ad&aarea napartment nargue vapologize
20、 vargument napology narise(arose,arisen)vapparent aarithmetic nappeal v&narm n&vappear varmchair nappearance narmy nappendix naround ad&prepappetite narrange vapplaud v&narrangement napple narrest vapplicant narrival napplication narrive vapply varrow nappoint vart nappointment narticle nappreciate
21、vartificial aappreciation nartist napproach n&vas ad.conj&prep14attend vash nashamed aattention nAsia nattitude nAsian a&nattract vaside adattraction nask vattractive aasleep aaudience naspect naunt nassess vauthentic aassessment nauthor nassist vauthority nassistance nautomatic aassistant nautonomo
22、us aassociate vautumn nassociation navailable aassume vavenue nassumption naverage a&nastonish vavoid vastronaut nawake(awoke,awoken)v&aastronomer naward nastronomy naware aat prepaway adathlete nawesome aathletic aawful aAtlantic aawkward aatmosphere natom nBattach vbaby nattack v&nbachelor nattain
23、 vback ad,a&nattempt v&nbackground n15backward(s)adbasin nbacon nbasis nbacterium(p/bacteria)nbasket nbad(worse,worst)abasketball nbadminton nbat nbag nbath nbaggagenbathe vbakery nbathroom nbalance nbathtub nbalcony nbattery nball nbattle nballet nbay nballoon nBC abbrbamboo nbe(am,is,are,was,ban n
24、&vwere,being,been)vbanana nbeach nband nbean nbandage nbean curd nbank nbear1 nbar nbear2 vbarbecue nbeard nbarber nbeast nbarbershop nbeat(beat,beaten)v&nbare abeautiful abargain n&vbeauty nbark v&nbecause conjbarrier nbecome(became,become)vbase nbed nbaseball nbeddings nbasement nbedroom nbasic ab
25、ee n16beef nbike=bicycle nbeer nbillnbefore prep.ad&conjbingo nbeg vbiochemistry nbegin(began,begun)vbiography nbehalf nbiology nbehave vbird nbehaviour(A/n behavior)nbirth nbehind prep&adbirthday nbeing nbirthplace nbelief nbiscuit nbelieve vbishop nbell nbit nbelly nbite(bit,bitten)vbelong vbitter
26、 abelow prepblack a&nbelt nblackboard nbench nblame n&vbend(bent,bent)vblank n&abeneath prepblanket nbeneficial ableed vbenefit n&vbless vbent a&nblind abeside prepblock n&vbesides prep&adblood nbetray vblouse nbetween prepblow(blew,blown)vbeyond prepblue n&abicycle nboard n&vbid v&nboat nbig。body n
27、17boil vbrain nbomb n&vbrake n&vbond n&vbranch nbone nbrand nbonus nbrave abook n&vbravery nboom n&vbread nboot nbreak(broke,broken)v&nbooth nbreakfast nborder nbreakthrough nbored abreast nboring abreath nborn abreathe vborrow vbreathless aboss nbrewery nbotanical abrick nbotany nbride nboth a&pron
28、bridegroom nbother vbridge nbottle nbrief abottom nbright abounce vbrilliant abound abring(brought,brought)vboundary nbroad abow v&nbroadcast(broadcast,bowl nbroadcast 或-ed477t program)npurpose n49purse nradium npush n&vrag nput(put,put)Vrail npuzzle nrailway npyramid nrain n&vrainbow nQraincoat nqu
29、ake n&vrainfall nqualification nrainy aquality nraise vquantity nrandom aquarrel v&nrange n&vquarter nrank nqueen nrapid aquestion v&nrare aquestionnaire nrat nqueue n&vrate n&vquick a&adrather adquiet araw aquilt nray nquit vrazor nquite adreach vquiz nreact vread(read,read)vRreading nrabbit nready
30、 arace v&nreal aracial arealise(y4/w realize)vradiation nreality nradio nreally adradioactive areason v&n50reasonable aregret n&vrebuild(rebuilt,rebuilt)vregular areceipt nregulation nreceive vreject vreceiver nrelate vrecent arelation nreception nrelationship nreceptionist nrelative nrecipe nrelax
31、vrecite vrelay n&vrecognize(A/72 recognize)vrelevant arecommend vreliable arecord n&vrelief nrecorder nreligion nrecover vreligious arecreation nrely vrectangle n&aremain vrecycle vremark nred n&aremember vreduce vremind vrefer vremote areferee nremove vreference nrent n&vreflect vrepair n&vreform v
32、&nrepeat vrefresh vreplace vrefrigerator nreply n&vrefuse vreport n&vregard v&nreporter nregardless arepresent vregister n&vrepresentative n51republic n或 ridded,ridded)vreputation nriddle nrequest nridiculous arequire vride(rode,ridden)v&nrequirement nright n,a&adrescue vrigid aresearch nring(rang,r
33、ung)v&nresemble vripe areservation nripen vreserve n&vrise(rose,risen)vresign vrisk n&vresist vriver nrespect v&nroad nrespond vroast vresponsibility nrob vrest n&vrobot nrestaurant nrock nrestriction nrocket nresult nrole nretell vroll v&nretire vroof nreturn vroom nreview v&nrooster nrevision nroo
34、t nrevolution nrope nreward nrose nrewind vrot vrhyme n&vrough arice nround ad,prep&arich aroundabout a&nrid(rid,ridroutine n52row n&vsand nroyal asandwich nrubber nsatellite nrubbish nsatisfaction nrude asatisfy vrugby nsaucer nruin v&nsausage nrule n&vsave vruler nsay(said,said)vrun(ran,run)vsayin
35、g nrush vscan vscar nSscare vsacred ascarf nsacrifice vscene nsad ascenery nsadness nsceptical(A/n skeptical)safe aschedule n&vsafety nscholar nsail n&vscholarship nsailor nschool nsalad nschoolbag nsalary nschoolboy/girl nsale nschoolmate nsalesgirl nscience nsalesman/womanscientific a(pl salesmen/
36、women)nscientist nsalt nscissors nsalty ascold vsalute n&vscore n&vsame n&ascratch v&n53scream nsenior a&nscreen nsense nsculpture nsensitive asea nsentence nseagull nseparate v&aseal nseparation nsearch n&vserious aseashell nservant nseaside nserve vseason nservice nseat nsession nseaweed nset(set,
37、set)v&nsecond a&nsettle vsecret a&nsettlement nsecretary nsettler nsection nseveral pron&asecure asevere asecurity nsew(sewed,sewn/sewed)vsee(saw,seen)vsex nseed nshabby aseek vshade nseem vshadow nseize vshake(shook,shaken)vseldom adshall modal vselect vshallow aself nshame nselfish ashape n&vsell(
38、sold,sold)vshare vsemicircle nshark nseminar nsharp asend(sent,sent)vsharpen v54sharpener n或 shrunk,shrunken)vshaveshut(shut,shut)v(shaved,shaved/shaven)vshuttle nshaver nshy ashe pronsick asheep(p/sheep)nsickness nsheet nside nshelf。/shelves)nsideroad(A/n sidewalk)nshelter nsideways adshine(shone,s
39、hone)vsigh v&nship n&vsight nshirt nsightseeing nshock vsignal nshoe nsignature nshoot(shot,shot)v&nsignificance nshop v&nsilence nshopkeeper nsilent ashopping nsilk nshore nsilly ashort asilver nshortcoming nsimilar ashortly adsimple ashorts nsimplify vshot nsince ad,conj&prepshould modal vsincerel
40、y adshoulder nsing(sang,sung)vshout n&vsingle a sink(sank,sunk)showv&n sir n(showed,shown/showed)v&nsister nshower nsit(sat,sat)vshrink(shrank,shrunk55situation nsmoker nsize nsmooth askate vsnake nskateboard nsneaker nski 4m theater)nthrough prep&adtheft nthroughout preptheir pronthrow(threw,thrown
41、)vtheirs pronthunder n&vthem pronthunderstorm ntheme nthus adthemselves prontick vthen adticket ntheoretical atidy a&vtheory ntie u&there int.n&adtiger ntherefore adtight athermos ntill conj&prepthese a&prontime n&vthey prontimetable nthick atin nthief(p/thieves)ntiny athin atip n&vthing ntire vthin
42、k(thought,thought)vtired athinking ntiresome athirst ntissue nthis a&prontitle nthorough ato prepthose a&prontoast v&nthough conjtobacco nthought ntoday ad&nthread ntogether ad61toilet ntrade n&vtolerate vtradition ntomato ntraditional atomb ntraffic ntomorrow ad&ntrain n&vton ntraining ntongue ntra
43、m ntonight ad&ntransform vtoo adtranslate vtool ntranslation ntooth(p/teeth)ntranslator ntoothache ntransparent atoothbrush ntransport n&vtoothpaste ntrap n&vtop ntravel n&vtopic ntraveller(Am traveler)ntortoise ntreasure ntotal a,n&vtreat vtouch vtreatment ntough atree ntour ntremble vtourism ntren
44、d ntourist ntrial ntournament ntriangle ntoward(s)preptrick ntowel ntrip ntower ntrolleybus ntown ntroop ntoy ntrouble v&ntrack ntroublesome atractor ntrousers n62truck nuncertain atrue auncle ntruly aduncomfortable atrunk nunconditional atrust vunconscious atruth nunder ad&preptry vunderground a&nT
45、-shirt nunderline vtube nunderstandtune n(understood,understood)vturkey nundertaketurn v&n(undertook,undertaken)vturning nunderwear ntutor nunemployment nTV=television nunfair atwice adunfit atwin nunfortunate atwist v&nuniform ntype vunion ntypewriter nunique atypical aunit ntyphoon nunite vtypist
46、nuniversal atyre(A/n tire)nuniverse nuniversity nUunless conjugly aunlike prepumbrella nunrest nunable auntil prep&conjunbearable aunusual aunbelievable aunwilling a63up ad,a,n&prepVCD=versatile compact disk nupdate v&nvegetable nupon prepvehicle nupper aversion nupset avertical aupstairs advery adu
47、pward(s)advest nurban avia prepurge vvice nurgent avictim nus pronvictory nuse n&vvideo nused avideophone nuseful aview nuseless avillage nuser nvillager nusual avinegar nviolate vVviolence nvacation nviolent avacant aviolin nvague aviolinist nvain nvirtue nvalid avirus nvalley nvisa nvaluable avisi
48、t n&vvalue nvisitor nvariety nvisual avarious avital avase nvivid avast avocabulary n64voice nwaste n&vvolcano nwatch v&nvolleyball nwater n&vvoluntary awatermelon nvolunteer n&vwave n&vvote vwax nvoyage nway nwe pronWweb nwag vwebsite nwage nweak awaist nweakness nwait vwealth nwaiter nweahhy await
49、ing-room nwear(wore,worn)vwaitress nweather nwake(woke,woken)vwedding nwalk n&vweed nwall nweek nwallet nweekday nwalnut nweekend nwander vweekly awant vweep vwar nweigh vward nweight nwarehouse nwelcome int.n.v&awarm awelfare nwarmth nwell1 Hwarn vwell2(better,best)ad,a&intwash v&nwest a,ad&nwashro
50、om nwestern a65westward(s)adwilling awet awin(won,won)vwhale nwind1 nwhat pron&awind2(wound,wound)vwhatever conj&pronwindow nwheat nwindy awheel nwine nwhen conj&adwing nwhenever conjwinner nwhere conj&adwinter nwherever conjwipe vwhether conjwire nwhich pron&awisdom nwhichever pronwise awhile conj&