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1、新概念英语第二册 Lesson 67Volcanoes 火山Haroun Tazieff, the Polish scientist, has spent his lifetime studying active volcanoes and deep caves in all parts of the world. In 1948, he went to Lake Kivu in the Congo to observe a new volcano which he later named Kituro. Tazieff was able to set up his camp very clo
2、se to the volcano while it was erupting violently. Though he managed to take a number of brilliant photographs, he could not stay near the volcano for very long. He noticed that a river of liquid rock was coming towards him. It threatened to surround him completely, but Tazieff managed to escape jus
3、t in time. He waited until the volcano became quiet and he was able to return two days later. This time, he managed to climb into the mouth of Kituro so that he could take photographs and measure temperatures. Tazieff has often risked his life in this way. He has been able to tell us more about acti
4、ve volcanoes than any man alive.【课文翻译】Haroun Tazieff, the Polish scientist, has spent his lifetime studying active volcanoes and deep caves in all parts of the world.波兰科学家哈罗恩、塔捷耶夫花了毕生的精力来研究世界各地的活火山和深洞。In 1948, he went to Lake Kivu in the Congo to observe a new volcano which he later named Kituro.194
5、8年他去了刚果的基伍湖，对一座后来被他命名为基图罗的新火山进行观察。 Tazieff was able to set up his camp very close to the volcano while it was erupting violently.当火山正在猛烈地喷发时，塔捷耶夫有办法把帐篷搭在离它非常近的地方。Though he managed to take a number of brilliant photographs, he could not stay near the volcano for very long.尽管他设法拍了一些十分精彩的照片，但他却不能在火山附近停
6、留太长的时间。He noticed that a river of liquid rock was coming towards him.他发现有一股岩浆正向他流过来，It threatened to surround him completely, but Tazieff managed to escape just in time. 眼看就要将他团团围住，但塔捷耶夫还是设法及时逃离了。He waited until the volcano became quiet and he was able to return two days later. 他等到火山平静下来，两天以后又返回去。Th
7、is time, he managed to climb into the mouth of Kituro so that he could take photographs and measure temperatures.这次他设法爬进了基图罗火山口，以便能拍摄照片和测试温度。该句需要选同前一句中的named （取名）意义相同的词，才能同前一句意思相符。 a.called （起名,叫）；b.shouted（喊叫，呼喊）；c. cried （大声喊叫）和 d. screamed （尖叫,大 笑）中，只有a.同named意义相同，所以选a.10 .d只有选同前一句中的liquid （液体的）意
8、义相反的词，才能使这个句子同前一句意 思吻合。a.firm （坚定的，稳固的）；b.stable （稳定的，不变的）;c. whole （整个的，全部的）; 和d.solid（固体的，结实的）中，只有d.是liquid的反义词，所以选d.11 .d前一句的measure temperatures意为”测量温度”，本句需要一个能够替换measure（测量）的动词，以便使两个句子的含义相同.a.count（数，计算）,b.make（制造）,c. do（做）这三个选择都不能与temperatures连用，只有d.take可以同temperatures连 用,take temperatures表示量体
9、温或量温度”，所以应该选d.12 .d该句需要选一个合适的形容词放在person前作定语。a.alive （活着的）常做表语， 若作定语只能放在名词之后；b.lively（快活的，活泼的）词意思不符合这个句子；c.live 可以作形容词，意思为“活着的”，“有生命的d.living意思为“活着的”，有生命的”;c. 和d都可以作定语，修饰person，但含义有所区别：a live person有“精力充沛”的意思, 而a living person则是指“活着”。因此应该选&本句的意思是:他所告诉我们的情况比 任何在世的人都要多。Tazieff has often risked his lif
10、e in this way. He has been able to tell us more about active volcanoes than any man alive.塔捷耶夫经常冒这样的生命危险。他能告诉我们的有关活火山的情况比任何在世 的人都要多。New Word and expressions 生词和短语volcano n火山active adj.活动的Kivu n.基伍湖Congo .刚果Kituro n,基图罗erupt v.（火山）喷发violently ad/猛烈地，剧烈地manage v.设法brilliant a精彩的liquid adj.液态的escape v.
11、逃脱alive adj.活着的语法 Grammar in use1 . to set up his camp very close to the volcano,把帐篷搭在离它非常近的地方。表示“与靠近可用close to :He parked the car close to the river.他把车停在河边。Dont sit so close to the fire.别坐得离火那么近。2 . Though he managed to take a number of brilliant photographs.尽管他设法拍了一些精彩的照片manage to do sth.表示“设法做到某
12、事，、“努力完成某事，即虽然很费劲，但仍 然做到/完成某事。另一短语try to do sth.可表示“设法做某事，、“努力做某事， 但并不表示完成/做到的含义：He tried to open the door but couldnt.他试图打开那门，但打不开。He managed to open the door.他设法把门打开了。I finally managed to buy a house.我终于设法买了一座房子。3 . a river of liquid rock,一股岩浆。river在这里为比喻用法，表示“（的）巨流。由于a river of这个结构中 没有asike等明确表示“
13、像”的词，因此，它是一种暗喻。When she heard the news, a river of tears came down her face.她听到这个消息后，泪如泉涌。Rivers of blood flowed during World war II.第二次世界大战期间血流成河。4 .It threatened to surround him completely（岩浆）眼看就要将他团团围住threaten表示“威胁着要”、“恐吓”：The forest fire threatened to destroy the town.森林大火眼看就要将这个镇子焚毁。He threaten
14、ed to leave the team.他扬言要离开这个队。5 . to escape just in time,及时逃离。in time表示“及时及“来得及”,just表示“正好”、“差一点I caught the train just in time.我刚好来得及赶上火车。Shall we still be in time for / to see the performance?我们还来得及看演出吗？6 . risked ones life,冒着生命危险。7 . any man alive,任何在世的人。alive为形容词，可表示“在世的二“活着的”，通常作表语。它作宾语时必须放在被修
15、饰的词之后：Is your grandfather still alive?你祖父还活着吗？Every man alive has his / her own troubles. 每个活着的人都有自己的烦恼。表示“能力”的情态助动词及其他有关的动词：can/ could, be able to 与 manage to(1)表示“能力”的can/couldo用将来时的句子中表示“能力”时通常用will be able to,在表示成功地完成过去某个动作时用was able to而不用could :I cant remember where Ive seen him.我想不起来我在什么地方见过他。
16、I can sing some songs, but I cant play the piano.我会唱一些歌，但我不会弹钢琴。He thought he could pass the exam easily, but he failed.他以为他能轻易地通过考试，结果他没通过。After Byrd had ordered his men to throw out two heavy food sacks, the plane was then able to rise.在伯德命令他的助手们扔掉两个沉重的食物袋之后，飞机才可以上升了。Jane cant swim yet. She*ll be
17、able to swim in a few months time.简不会游泳。再过几个月她就会游泳了。(2)表示“能力”的另一种方式是用manage to0在表示成功地完成过去某个动 作时，它经常代替be able too与be able to相比，它更强调“虽然困难很大，但仍 能”这种含义。如果把最后这句话改成：1。06幅101让近11(他最终看了那场比赛)1 那么他就不一定是克服困难才看到比赛，而可能是因为情况有变化等。词汇学习 Word studysay 与 tell这两个词都有“说的含义，但在用法上有区别。1 - say（1）在表示“说、讲时，say后面不跟间接宾语（人）。如果一定要
18、指明，则 用to+名词/代词：You havent got much time/he said （to me）.他（对我）说：“你的时间不多了。”（2）表示“道别二“诵读（祈祷），“背诵”等含义时用say而不能用tell :Well see his boat and then well say goodbye to him.我们将参观他的船，然后和他告别。Marys children say their prayers every night.玛丽的孩子们每天晚上做祷告。（3） say有“表达（思想、意见等）”含义，tell则没有：Do you have anything to say abo
19、ut the accident?关于这次事故你有什么想说的/想法吗？（4） say通常用于表达“据说”的意思，tell则不能：John is said to be very interested in art.据说约翰对美术很感兴趣。（5） say可以用于固定短语say a good word for （为说好话/辩护；推荐）：Dont expect that hell say a good word for you.别指望他会为你说好话。2 . tell（I）在表示“说”、“讲”时，ten后面可以跟双宾语：He told me/ said that he would be retiring.
20、他告诉我/说他快要退休了。（2） tell经常用于表示“讲（实话、谎话、秘密等）”：Hes telling a lie/the truth.他在撒谎/说实话。I wont tell you the secret if you cant keep it.如果你不能保守秘密，我就不把这秘密告诉你。（3） tell可以表示“辨别，“分辨”，say则不可以：The snake obviously could not tell the difference between Indian music and jazz.那条蛇显然分辨不出印度音乐和爵士乐。（4）在英国英语中，tell the time为固定
21、短语，表示根据钟表等“说出时间”、“识 钟”（美国英语中为tell time）:Jimmy is only five years old, but he can already tell the time.吉米只有5岁，但他已经识钟了。另外，say和tell后面跟so时含义不一样：I told you so!我告诉过你是这样的！（用于情况被证实之后）习题1. Tazieff went to the Congo.(a) to observe Lake Kivu(b) to take photographs(c) to name a new volcano(d) to investigate a
22、new volcano2. Kituro erupted violently.(a) and Tazieff had to leave but he returned later(b) so Tazieff had to leave and couldnt return(c) so Tazieff couldnt take photographs(d) so Tazieff couldnt measure temperaturesStructure 结构3. He managed to take a number of photographs.This means he them.(a) mi
23、ght have taken(b) could have taken(c) should have taken(d) succeeded in taking4. He escaped just in time. Heescaped.(a)just only(b)only(c)soon(d) only just5. He waited until the volcano became quiet. He waited quiet.(a) to the volcano to become(b) the volcano to become(c) the volcano became(d) for t
24、he volcano to become6. He was able to return.This means ne.(a) could if he wanted to(b) might(c) could have(d) did7. He has been able to tell us a lot volcanoes.(a) considering(b) on the subject of(c) in relation(d) referringVocabulary 词汇8. Tazieff is a Polish scientist. He comes from(a) Pole(b) Pol
25、and(c)Polish(d) the Pole9. He name it Kituro.Thats what he it.(a) called(b) shouted(c) cried(d) screamed10. The rock was in a liquid state. It wasnt.(a) firm(b) stable(c) whole(d) solid11. He wanted to measure temperatures.He wanted to them.(a) count(b)make(c)do(d)take12. He has told us more than an
26、yperson.(a)alive(b)lively(c)live(d)living习题答案1 .d根据课文第 2-3 行 In 1984, he went to lake Kivu in the Congo to observe a new volcano which可以看出只有d. to investigate a new volcano（调查一座新火山）与课文 的内容相符，其他3个选择都与课文的实际情况不符，所以选d.2 .a根据课文第 9-10 行.but Tazieff managed to escape.He waited until the volcano became quiet
27、 and he was able to return two days later 可以判断， 只有 a. and Tazieff had to leave but he returned later与课文的实际情况相符，其他3个选择都 与课文的实际情况不符，所以选a.3 .d前一句中的managed to表示“成功地完成了的动作”，本句需要对这一动词作解释 说明。a.might have taken（本来应该做）；b.could have taken （本来可以做）；c.should have taken（本应该做）;这3个选择含义相同都表示“过去该做，但却没做、与managed to 含义
28、不同。只有d.succeeded in taking与managed to意思相同，所以选d.4 .d前一句he escaped just in time意思为“他刚好及时逃离了。”句中的just是表示强 调语气的副词，它的含义是“正好”，“勉强地”，本句是对前一句的进一步解释。a.just only的意思不通；b.only（只是，仅仅）与前一句含义不符;c. soon（不久，很快）与前一句 意思不符;只有d.only just（只是勉强地）与前一句含义相符，所以选d.5 .d该句的动词waited（等待）是不及物动词，后面只能跟for引导的短语。a. to the volcano to be
29、come, b. the volcano to become, c. the volcano became 这 3 个选择者B不对。 只有d. for the volcano to become合乎语法，所以只能选d.本句意思是“他等待火山平 静下来”6 .d前一句的was able to return（设法返回）表示“成功地办成了”，本句需要对这一短语 解释说明。a. could（可以），b. might（也许）,c.could have（本来应该），这3个选择都与 前一句意思不符合。只有d. did表示做成了，与前一句意思相符合，所以选d.7 .ba. considering （考虑到）词意思不对,不合乎逻辑；b.on the subject of意思为“关于, 论及”;c.in relation不是正确的表达方式,应该是in relation to （关于）；d. referring不合 乎语法，应该是referring to （论及，谈及）。只有b.是正确表达方式，并且合乎题目意 思，所以选b.8 .b该句需要选出与前一句中的Polish （波兰的）相应的国名，以使两个句子含义相同。 a.Pole（波兰人）;b.Poland（波兰）；c.Polish （波兰语，波兰的）；d.the Pole（波兰人）中,只 有b.是国家名字，所以选b.9 .a