《高考英语二轮复习教案（新高考专用）阅读理解04猜测词义2.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高考英语二轮复习教案（新高考专用）阅读理解04猜测词义2.docx（18页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、【高频考点解密】2023年高考英语二轮复习讲义阅读理解解密04猜测词义的复习要点【构建知识体系】词义猜测题考点1单词词义题考点2猜测短语题考点3猜测指代题考点4猜测句意题【英语学科素养解读】题型解读命题要求素养解读要求考生阅读4篇短 文，从每题所给的4个选 项中选出最佳选项。题材 广泛，包括科普、社会、 文化、政治、经济等多方 面内容。体裁多样，以记 叙文、议论文、说明文为 主。考查 主旨大意、 细节理解、 推理判断、 词义猜测、 篇章结构 等。主旨大意题包括精确归纳标题、概括文章大意 和总结段落大意，主要考查考生能否分辨主题和细 节，是否具备提纲挈领的能力，也就是能否在理解 全文的基础上运用
2、概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑 方法对文章进行高度概括和总结，做这类题目时要 高瞻远瞩，不可以以偏概全。【剖析全国高考真题】 预测高考命题方向2023年命题解读和近年考点再现词义猜测题考点1单词猜测题1.【2022年新高考全国n卷】COver the last seven years, most states have banned texting by drivers, and public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when
3、they are behind the wheel.Yet the problem, by just about any measure, appears to be getting worse. Americans are still texting while driving, as well as using social networks and taking photos. Road accidents, which had fallen for years, are now rising sharply.red/yellow/green signal cycle might be
4、140 seconds. By 9:33am, a burst of additional traffic might push it to 145 seconds. Less traffic at 9:37am could push it down to 135. Just like the traffic itself, the timing of the signals changes.That is by design. Bellevue, a fast-growing city just east of Seattle, uses a system that is gaining p
5、opularity around the US: intersection（十字路口）signals that can adjust in real time to traffic conditions. These lights, known as adaptive signals, have led to significant declines in both the trouble and cost of travels between work and home.Adaptive signals can make sure that the traffic demand that i
6、s there is being addressed, says Alex Stevanovic, a researcher at Florida Atlantic University.For all of Bellevues success, adaptive signals are not a cure-all for jammed roadways. Kevin Balke, a research engineer at the Texas A&M University Transportation Institute, says that while smart lights can
7、 be particularly beneficial for some cities, others are so jammed that only a sharp reduction in the number of cars on the road will make a meaningful difference. not going to fix everything, but adaptive signals have some benefits fbr smaller cities,“ he says.In Bellevue, the switch to adaptive sig
8、nals has been a lesson in the value of welcoming new approaches. In the past, there was often an automatic reaction to increased traffic: just widen the roads, says Mark Poch, the Bellevue Transportation Departments traffic engineering manager. Now he hopes that other cities will consider making the
9、ir streets run smarter instead of just making them bigger.10. What does the underlined word “that in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Increased length of green lights.B. Shortened traffic signal cycle.C. Flexible timing of traffic signals.D. Smooth traffic flow on the road.词义猜测题考点4猜测句意题L【2019浙江卷】Money with n
10、o strings attached. Its not something you see every day. But at Union Station in Los Angeles last month, a board went up with dollar bills attached to it with pins and a sign that read, nGive What You Can, Take What You Need.”People quickly caught on. And while many took dollars, many others pinned
11、their own cash to the board. People of all ages, races, and socio-economic（社会经济的）backgrounds gave and took, “said Tyler Bridges of The Toolbox, which created the project. nWe even had a bride in her wedding dress come up to the board and take a few dollars. Most of the bills on the board were single
12、s, but a few people left fives, tens and even twenties. The video clip（片段）shows one man who had found a $ 20 bill pinning it to the board.“What I can say fbr the folks that gave the most, is that they were full of smiles,“ Bridges said. Theres a certain feeling that giving can do fbr you and that wa
13、s apparent in those that gave the most. Most people who took dollars took only a few, but Bridges said a very small number took as much as they could.While the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign, Bridges said the only goal was to show generosity and sympathy. He added that he hopes peopl
14、e in other cities might try similar projects and post their own videos on the Internet.“After all, everyone has bad days and good days J he said. Some days you need a helping hand and some days you can be the one giving the helping hand.24. What does the expression money with no strings attached in
15、paragraph 1 mean?A. Money spent without hesitation.B. Money not legally made.C. Money offered without conditions.D. Money not tied together.2. 2020 天津高考第一次】Studying a subject that you feel pointless is never a fun or easy task. If youre studying history, asking yourself the question “why is history
16、important nis a very good first step. History is an essential part of human civilization. You will find something here that will arouse your interest, or get you thinking about the significance of history.History grounds us in our roots. History is an important and interesting field of study, and le
17、arning the history of our home country can give us a deeper, more meaningful glimpse （一瞥） into our ancestral pasts, and how we got to where wa are today. Many people feel like they need a sense of cultural belonging, which is something that studying your roots and being open-minded to the evolution
18、of your culture can provide.History enriches our experience. Reading history is an amazing experience because it enables us to reflect on the social and economic life of the people living long time ago According to the experts, problems faced by people regardless of the past and present are the same
19、. With the information about the ancestors, one can become more experienced in handling challenges of life.History makes us more empathetic （具有共情能力的）,Studying history can give us insight （洞察力）into why our culture does certain things, and how the past has shaped it into what we know now. It also prov
20、ides a rather strong foundation for empathy across cultures. Fear and hate for others is usually caused by ignorance （无矢口） . Were scared of the things that we dont understand. History has the potential to break down those boundaries by offering us insight into entire worlds that would otherwise be f
21、oreign to us.History can inspire us to learn more. whats fantastic about history is the way it broadens our horizons. Its almost impossible to learn about one historical period without having dozens of questions about related concepts. Study the 19th century England, and you might catch a glimpse of
22、 Charles Dickens* Oliver Twist. Look up Charles Dickens, and you might learn a thing or two about realism. Or maybe you end up switching your attention away from novels, and discover the history of romantic poets in England. It can go anywhere, and there is something in there for absolutely anybody.
23、The value of history cannot be underestimated. We dont have to live in the past, but we can definitely do better by learning from it and using the lessons learnt to lead more meaningful lives.1. The underlined part where we are today1* in Para. 2 probably means.A. the turning point in our historyB ,
24、 the present state of our nationC the location of our homelandD. the total area of our country【高考预测】纵观近几年全国高考试题，预测2023年全国高考试题还会I卷在选材上继续保持知识性和趣味性，语篇长度适中，题材与体裁广泛，彰显文化特色, 重点考查考生快速获取、处理、分析信息的能力。细节理解题占总量的60%左右，难度与 上年持平，预计难度系数0.6。H卷文章体裁继续延续记叙文和说明文占主体的局面，另有一篇议论文和一篇广告类说明 文。题型以细节理解题为主，推理判断题略有所增加，词义猜测题1题左右。【解
25、密考场】课堂讲解突破关键能力猜测词义解密如何解决猜测词义题？【解题中发现规律】【广东省部分名校2022-2023学年高三上学期阶段性学习效率检测调研】When 16-year-old Grayden Brunet joined the Sackets Harbor, New York, volunteer fire department in 2017, he was the youngest on the team by 20 years. He was so determined to be following in his dads footsteps that he persuaded
26、 two classmates, Niklas and Dalton, to sign up too.A few years later, the older firefighters quit their jobs over COVID-19 concerns. Suddenly, the three teens were not only helping the Sackets Harbor volunteer fire department, they were the Sackets Harbor volunteer fire department. They were the one
27、s responding to the emergency calls of heart attacks, car accidents, and suicides. And they were the ones who were responsible to send COVID-19 patients to hospitals. We went from not even having our licenses to saving peoples lives,“ Dalton told the reporter. As far as the teens were concerned, the
28、y couldnt quit their jobs. If they did, Brunet told North County Public Radio,The community would lose the emergency operators and the drivers of the ambulance.”The three of them struggled on alone for a year until help arrived in the form of five more teens, all motivated to serve their neighbors i
29、n the town of 1,300 residents.When they call 911, theyre expecting someone to help them, says Sophia, who was 16 when she joined.The job is taxing. One night last fall, the crew responded to two emergency calls and a fire.They got home at 5:30 a.m, just two hours before school started. Its definitel
30、y hard coming back from the calls and having to take an algebra test, Gray dens younger brother Gannon said. But these brave teens didnt mind the hard work. As a matter of fact, when callers met their rescuers, a lot of them would ask,“Wait, how old are you?” That was what they felt the most pricele
31、ss moment.6. What does the underlined word taxing“ mean in the last paragraph?A. Effortless.B. Demanding. C. Enjoying.D. Helpful.【我的发现】规律方法1：如何解决猜测词义题？此类题目有的可利用构词法来解答，首先要弄明白构词法的三种形式：派生法、转 化法和合成法，高考阅读理解题中的猜测词义题主要集中表现为派生和合成两种形式。有的 题需要利用上下文的已知部分进行推理；有的还需要依靠常识和经验来猜测词义；还有的可 以根据定义、解释和举例猜测词义。变式精讲【广东省华南师范大学
32、附属中学2022-2023学年高三上学期综合测试】Quantum （量子）computers have been on my mind a lot lately. A friend has been sending me articles on how quantum computers might help solve some of the biggest challenges we face as humans. Tve also had exchanges with two quantum-computing experts. One is computer scientist Chr
33、is Johnson who I see as someone who helps keep the field honest. The other is physicist Philip Taylor.For decades, quantum computing has been little more than a laboratory curiosity. Now, big tech companies have invested in quantum computing, as have many smaller ones. According to Business Weekly,
34、quantum machines could help us “cure cancer, and even take steps to tun climate change in the opposite direction.This is the sort of hype （炒作）that annoys Johnson. He worries that researchers are making promises they cant keep.” Whats new, Johnson wrote, “is that millions of dollars are now potential
35、ly available to quantum computing researchers.As quantum computing attracts more attention and funding, researchers may mislead investors, journalists, the public and, worst of all, themselves about their works potential. If researchers cant keep their promises, excitement might give way to doubt, d
36、isappointment and anger, Johnson warns. Lots of other technologies have gone through stages of excitement. But something about quantum computing makes it especially prone to hype, Johnson suggests, perhaps because quantum“ stands for something cool you shouldnt be able to understand. And that brings
37、 me back to Taylor, who suggested that I read his book Q for Quantum.After I read the book, Taylor patiently answered my questions about it. He also answered my questions about PyQuantum, the firm he co-fbunded in 2016.Taylor shares Johnsons concerns about hype, but he says those concerns do not app
38、ly to PyQuantum.The company, he says, is closer than any other firm “by a very large margin （幅度）“to building a usefdl“ quantum computer, one that solves an impactful problem that we would not have been able to solve otherwise. He adds, “People will naturally discount my opinions, but I have spent a
39、lot of time quantitatively comparing what we are doing with others.”Could PyQuantum really be leading all the competition by a wide margin”, as Taylor claims? I dont know. Tm certainly not going to advise my friend or anyone else to invest in quantum computers. But I trust Taylor, just as I trust Jo
40、hnson.15. What does the underlined word “prone“ in Paragraph 3 most probably mean?A. Open.B. Cool.C. Useful.D. Resistant.解密如何解决猜测短语题？【解题中发现规律】【广东省华南师范大学附属中学2022-2023学年高三上学期综合测试】A character in one of Shakespeares plays once said, Some are bom great, some achieve greatness, and some have greatness thr
41、ust upon them. Any of these could apply to the modern-day sportsmen. Many still argue about the nature of talent. Some claim that people are born to be sportsmen, while others say it is only through devotion and hard work that they achieve their abilities. Arguably though, it is not until their tale
42、nts are acknowledged （认可）by the public that they truly have greatness fallen upon them.With this acknowledgement of their greatness“ come all the trappings of modern-day celebrity: money, power, influence and responsibility. For better or for worse, like it or hate it, modern sportsmen are the role
43、models of children everywhere. These children will grow up admiring their heroes, devoting their lives to copying their every move, and wanting above all to be like them. Due to this fascination, particularly with the massive influence of the media, it is more important than ever for these sportsmen
44、 to acknowledge their responsibility.In the past few months alone, there have been many examples of questionable behaviors from sports stars of the present day. They are often mirroring the very worst aspects of society, a fact that the self-righteous （自 以为是的）anger of the modern press has been quick
45、 to point out. It would be wrong for us to expect sportsmen to be perfect. It would also be wrong for us to think that their behavior is markedly different from the sportsmen they grew up watching, but with the all-seeing eye of modern media it is a different world, and different standards must be e
46、xpected.Of course, there is no duty for sportsmen to be good role models. There are no prison sentences, no fines, no community service-unless their behaviors are illegal. Unless they break the law, it is entirely up to them as to whether or not they think their behavior is appropriate. Furthermore,
47、 measuring the true influence their decisions have on their followers is absolutely impossible. Some will rise against their idols, seeing them in a new light and criticizing their actions. Others may copy their heroes5 actions, using them as a shield when accused of the same crimes.It is without do
48、ubt that the actions of sportsmen will influence the lives of those who worship them. Modern day sportsmen are almost ideals of today 9s world, and their actions are watched carefully by millions over the world. Some may complain against it, denying their influence on these childrens lives. Others m
49、ay be aware of it but not respect it, while many may both be aware of it and respect it. In a word, you do not choose whether you are a role model. All you can do is to decide how to act when greatness is thrust upon you.7. The underlined phrase thrust upon in paragraph 1 most probably means.A. put offB. removed from C. related toD. force