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1、Section_JHGrammar- 间状语从句和缘由状语从句课前自主领梧KEQIANZIZHULINGWU语法图解r when, while, as引导的时间状语从句本单元语法间语句时状从原因 状语 从句-表示“时间先后”的连词引导的时间状语从句-表示“持续性”和“瞬间性”的连词引导的状语从句-表示“一就”的连词引导的时间状语从句 L表示“经常性或习惯性”的连词引导的时间状语从句because引导的原因状语从句 as引导的原因状语从句-since/now that引导的原因状语从句探究发觉When he was orbiting in the capsule, he took photogr
2、aphs of planet earth.(2)When Yang landed, Premier Wen Jiabao telephoned the Control Centre to offer his congratulations.While he was travelling in space, Yang spoke to two astronauts aboard the International Space Station.When you read a newspaper article in English, read the sub-headings before you
3、 start.The manager didn，t attend the party because he was ill.“As you have asked me so nicely, “ said Sharon ,T d be delighted to sign your arm.”Since no one else saw the aliens, not many people believe Mr Bates.Now that I have made this first visit, I hope I can e many more times.我的发觉例句中的连词引导时间状语从句
4、;例句中的连词引导缘由状语从(2)when引导时间状语从句时，从句中的谓语动词和主句谓语动词所表示的动作同吐发 生，如例句；也可以在其之前发生,如例句。(3)while引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动作必需是和主句谓语动作回吐发生，如例句;而before引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动作必需在主句谓语动作之亘发生，如例句。(4)because引导缘由状语从句时，可以置于主句之前，也可以置于主句之后,如例句;而as, since, now that引导缘由状语从句时常常置于主句之二前，如例句。课堂要点精析KETANGYAODIANJINGXI一、时间状语从句1. when, while, as引导的时间
5、状语从句的主从句动作发生的挨次及主从句的时态要求。我们在Module 3学习了由when, while, as引导的时间状语从句，本课时主要讲一下 它们引导时间状语从句时主从句动作发生的挨次准时态要求。（1）主从句动作发生的挨次when与as引导的时间状语从句，主从句谓语动词可以同时发生也可以先后发生；while 引导的时间状语从句，主从句谓语动词同时发生或主句动作发生在从句动作进行的过程中。When he had finished his homework, he took a short rest.当他完成作业后，他休息了一会儿。（从句动作先发生）When I got to the air
6、port, the guests had left.当我赶到飞机场时，客人们已经离开了。（从句动作后发生）While we were working in the fields, it suddenly began to rain.当我们在地里劳动时，突然下起雨来。（2）主从句的时态要求假如主句的动作发生于表示“当时的时间状语从句中的动作进行的过程中，从句 常用进行时。Someone broke into the classroom when/while/as they were having classes.在他们上课时有人闯入教室。When Tom was reading, Jim wen
7、t out to play football.汤姆看书的时候，吉姆出去踢足球了。2 .表示时间先后的连词主要包括before和aftero after表示,在之后。before可表达多种意义：“才；”就；还没来得及就等。before常用于以下句型：It will be+一段时间+ before（从句用一般现在时）要过时间才It won，t be+一段时间+ before（从句用一般现在时）过不了时间就It was not long before（从句用一般过去时）没过多久就It was +时间段+ before（从句用一般过去时）过了时间才It will be half a year befo
8、re I e back.半年之后我才回来。It won，t be long before we meet again.不久之后，我们会再见面的。It wasn，t long before he left the country.没过多久他就离开了这个国家。After the students came to the lab, the professor brought out three bottles.同学们到试验室后，教授拿出了 3个瓶子。3 .表示“持续性”和“瞬间性”的连词主要包括since, ever since, tiH/until等。(l)since, ever since引导时
9、间状语从句时，从句中多用一般过去时，而主句中谓语动词多 用现在完成时。T have lived here since I came here.自从我来到这儿，我始终生活在这儿。(2)till和until(till不行以位于句首)：在确定句中，主句的谓语动词是连续性动词，而在 否认句中，主句的谓语动词是瞬间性动词。He waited until/till his mother came back.他始终等到他妈妈回来。T didn，t go to bed until/till I finished my homework.直到做完作业我才上床睡觉。即时演练1(1)用适当的连词填空It will
10、not be long before he realizes his dream.It is five years since I last met him.After the children had gone to bed, she began to prepare her lessons.We won，t start our discussion until/till he es.(5)When I got home, my parents had fallen asleep.While we were talking, the teacher came in.As time goes
11、by, we have a better understanding of things around us.(2)完成句子It is three years since he came to our school.他来我们学校已经三年了。It won t be long before we have the midterm examination.过不了多久我们就要期中考试了。Mum didn go to bed until I came back last night.昨晚直到我回来妈妈才上床睡觉。4 .表示“就的连词有：as soon as, the moment, immediatel
12、y, directly, nosooner. than, hardly .when 等。I told him the news the moment I saw him.我一观察他就把那个消息告知他了。No sooner had he got to the station than the bus left.他一到车站，车就离开了。名师点津在no sooner . than hardly/scarcely . when结构中，主句谓语应用过去 完成时，从句谓语应用一般过去时。当no sooner和hardly/scarcely位于句首时，主句要 局部倒装。I had hardly got ho
13、me when it began to rain.f Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.我一到家，天就开头下雨了。即时演练2 一句多译竞赛刚开头，大雨就下了起来。It began to 】ain heavily as soon as tha game stated （as soon as）It began to heavily the moment the game started. （the moment）I，began to rain heavily immediatelyhe game started. （immediately）Ha
14、rdly had the game started/The game had hardlY started when it began。rain he avily. （hardly . when .）No sooner had the game started/The game had no sooner started than it began to r ain heavily, （no sooner . than .）5 .表示“常常性或习惯性”的连词有：each time, every time, wheneverHe is busy working each time I see h
15、im.每次我观察他，他总是忙着工作。Whenever I see her, she always wears a smile.无论我什么时候看到她，她总是面带微笑。即时演练3完成句子Every/Each time I was iM trouble（每次我遇到麻烦）,he would e to my help.Whenever.you e（无论你什么时候来）,you are wele.二、缘由状语从句引导缘由状语从句的常用连词有because （由于），as （由于），since （既然），now that （既然）等。because语气最强，表示的是直接的理由。可用来答 复why引导的问句，可
16、用于强调句型它所引导的从句常放在主句后as语气较弱，较口语化，表示较明显的缘由或 的事实它所引导的从句常放在主句前since/now that语气较弱，所表示的缘由为人们的事实。常译为“既然since 常和 now that 互换，但 now that可用来说明一种新状况，然后 加以推理I cant get to sleep because there is much noise outside. 由于外面声音嘈杂我睡不着。As he was in a hurry, he left this bag home. 由于他太匆忙才把包丢在了家里。Since it is late, I shall
17、go home now.由于时间太晚了，我现在要回家了。Now that the rain has stopped, Iet，s go home at once. 既然雨已停了，我们立刻回家吧。名师点津for“由于后跟句子时，不是附属连词而是并列连词，是用来说明、补充解释或表示一种推理，所以for跟从句时不能置于句首。The day breaks, for the birds are singing. 天亮了，由于鸟儿都在叫了。即时演练4 用适当的连词填空Because he was ill, he was absent from the meeting.Since/Now that you
18、are here, you，d better stay.As I have not read the book, I cannot tell you anything about it.He must be ill, for he is absent today.（2）完成句子I was late for school because. I missed the first bus（由于我错过了 第一辆公共汽车）.Since/Now that you are welLagain（既然你恢复了健康）,you can travel.It must have rained last night, f
19、or the ground is wet（由于地面是湿的）.As he wasn t ready（由于他没预备好），we left without him.课后强化训练KEHOUQIANGHUAXUNLIAN【.单句语法填空1. It will not be long before you bee an excellent reporter.2. The head of the pany promised to deal with the matter the moment he returned to his office.3. While we were studying abroad,
20、we learned much about foreign culture and customs.4. The boy burst into tears immediately （immediate） he saw his mother.5. . He looked at the plane taking off till/until it disappeared.6. He had no sooner finished his speech than the students started cheering.7. We havent seen each other since we gr
21、aduated from the university.8. Since/Now that he has grown up, you should not tell him what he should do.9. It was because she caught a bad cold that she didn，t go to school.10. He must have experienced something unpleasant, for he looks so sad.H.完成句子1. Whenevev Lsee someone in need, I will spare no
22、 effort to help him.每当见到有人需要关心，我就会尽力去关心他。2. They walked about 30 miles before they saw a village.他们走了 30英里才观察一个村庄。3. Every/Each time I pass the school, I think of my first English teacher.每当我经过学校，我就想起我的第一个英语老师。4. The moment/As soon as/Immediately the children heard the news, they jumped with joy.孩子们
23、一听到这个消息，就快乐地跳了起来。5. I went on with my work untilfinishnd washing alLthe clothes.我连续工作，直到把全部的衣服洗完。6. Ever since my friend Xiaohua entered high school two years ago, his mother has been pushing him hard in his studies.自从我的伴侣小华两年前进入高中，他的妈妈始终在学习上给他施加了很大的压力。7. Because my spoken English is fluent, I think
24、 I am very suitable for this job. 由于我的英语口语很流利，我认为我适合这项工作。8. Now that you ve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it.既然你有时机，就该充分利用。in.短文改错Our school sits in the city center. It is greater because weve got lots of different club. There，s a guitar club on Thursdays. Students can learn how t
25、o play with the guitar. My friend Li Na go to this club. She really loves playing music and sing and shes really good. Im terribly at singing! My friend Zhang Yan goes to Football Club. He can run very fast but Im really slow! Lots of classmates like playing and watching football but I think it，s bored! I go to Swimming Club every Tuesday. I love swimming but I can swim fast. Our teacher is a great swim, but he shouts a lot!答案：其次句：greater-*great; clubclubs第四句：去掉with第五句：gogoes第六句：singf singing第七句：terribly-terrible第十句：classmates 前力口 my; bored boring第十二句：but-and第十三句：swim-swimmer