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1、长沙市南雅中学2022-2023学年高一上学期入学考试英语试题（满分100分，时量75分钟）第一部分阅读理解（共三节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ASpring is just around the comer, but if you are tired of sunflowers, tulips （郁金香）and other standard gardens, why not head to one of these mysterious and wonderful botanical gard
2、ens?Butchart Gardens, British Columbia, CanadaOne of the rarest flowers youll find at Butchart Gardens is the Meconopsis, otherwise known as the Tibetan blue poppy. The most impressive flowers can be found in the borders, where youll find over one million bedding plants. And although the gardens are
3、 famous for their perennials （多年生植物）,300,000 spring-flowering plants are grown every year, and over 900 varieties of plants are grown for the summer gardens alone.Kirstenbosch National Botanical Garden, Cape Town, South AfricaKirstenbosch National Botanical Garden is one of a handful of botanic gard
4、ens to grow only native plants. Some of the most popular varieties include the king protea, which produces enormous flowers between autumn and summer, and the rare silver tree, a silky-leaved plant, which experts believe could become extinct in the next 50 years.Denver Botanic Gardens, Colorado, USO
5、nce native to South Africa, these oddly-named flowers are famously drought-hardy, making them perfect for this part of North America. This garden is one of the few to focus on draught- tolerant plants from Colorado and the grasslands of Africa, Mongolia and Argentina. In fact, Colorado is home to ni
6、ne species of endangered plant, and several can be found here.Arctic-Alpine Botanic Garden Tromso, NorwayVisit the worlds northernmost botanical garden and youll find a breathtaking collection of plants from the worlds polar and mountainous regions including, in the Himalaya section, the rare giant
7、Tibetan blue poppy, with its huge flowers and metre-high stem. Youll also see the Wilander buttercup, which can only be found in the quite terrible areas of Svalbards unforgiving icy islands.B. Denver Botanic Gardens.D. Kirstenbosch National Botanical1. Which botanical garden only plants local speci
8、es? A. Arctic-Alpine Botanic Garden.C. Butchart Gardens. Garden.们更好地意识到自己的暗示）”可知,此处介绍“Mindful listening”的好处，紧接着写另 一个好处“it allows us to choose not to let them block communication （它允许我们选择不让 他们阻碍交流）”符合句意。且F选项中的代词“it”指代上文mindful listening o故选 Fo第三节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题。You may have seen
9、a barista （咖啡师）pour milk foam （奶泡）into a coffee, then you can see a beautiful pattern （图案）.But have you seen the art in a cup of tea?Dian cha is a tea art from the Song Dynasty. The art begins with pouring water over fine powdered （粉状的）tea, creating a paste （糊）and then adding more hot water, whiskin
10、g （搅动）it by hand with a bamboo whisk. It is believed that the art later spread to other parts of East Asia, including Japan. In 2019, it was listed as an intangible cultural heritage （非物质文化遗产）of Runzhou district Zhenjiang city, Jiangsu province.The Shanghai designer Han Zhemin has been interested in
11、 dian cha since childhood. My mother loves traditional culture and I have been influenced J said Han. After he graduated from the China Academy of Art in Zhejiang province in 2006, Han tried his best to reviving （复兴）the art form.He said during the process of dian cha, the froth （泡沫）tried his best to
12、 paper while the tea paste is like ink. But drawing” on the tea foam is not easy. Traditional paintings is about the soft brush against the hard paper, but the tea is about the hard teaspoon and the soft froth. Han said.Creating patterns on the tea foam is careful but quick work. Usually, the whole
13、process has to be completed within 10 minutes. The ideal state is when the teas temperature is around 40 and ready for the palate （味觉）.“Usually, it takes a year of practice for one to be able to do it J Han added.To spread dian cha culture, Han put the process of tea whisking and drawing on social m
14、edia platforms, including Xiaohongshu, Bilibili and Douyin, attracting more than 20, 000 followers. When taking about tea art Han said we should increase the beauty rather than change the essence （本质）of tea. I want more people to understand the processes and reasons of tea making,“ he explained.21.
15、When was dian cha listed as an intangible cultural heritage?22. Why has Han Zhemin shown interest in dian cha?23. What is difficult for Han Zhemin during the process of dian cha?24. Why did Han Zhemin share the process of dian cha on social media platforms?25. How can you spread tea art?【答案】21.In201
16、9.22. Because his mother loves traditional culture and he has been influenced.23. “Drawing on the tea fbam.24. To spread dian cha culture.25. We can learn more about it and share on social media platforms.（开放性试题，无标准答案, 言之有理即可。）【解析】【导语本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了上海设计师韩哲民对点茶艺术的热爱和为推广点 茶艺术做出的努力。【21题详解】考查细节理解。根据第二段中
17、“In 2019, it was listed as an intangible cultural heritage （非物质 文化遗产）of Runzhou district Zhenjiang city, Jiangsu province.（2019 年被列为江苏省镇江市润 州区非物质文化遗产）”可知，点茶于2019年被列为非物质文化遗产。故答案为：In 2019.【22题详解】考查细节理解。根据第三段中 “The Shanghai designer Han Zhemin has been interested in dian cha since childhood. cMy mother
18、 loves traditional culture and I have been influenced/ said Han. （上海设计师韩哲民从小就对点茶很感兴趣。他说：“我妈妈喜欢传统文化，我也受到了影 响。 ”可知，韩哲民对点茶感兴趣的原因是受到他母亲喜欢传统文化的影响。故答案 为： Because his mother loves traditional culture and he has been influenced.【23题详解】考查细节理解。根据第四段中uBut drawing9 on the tea foam is not easy.（但在茶叶泡沫上 作画并不容易）”可
19、知，韩哲民在点茶过程中，比较困难的是在茶叶泡沫上“作画”。故答案为：Drawing on the tea fbam.【24题详解】考查细节理解。根据最后一段中 “To spread dian cha culture, Han put the process of tea whisking and drawing on social media platforms, including Xiaohongshu, Bilibili and Douyin, attracting more than 20, 000 followers.（为了传播点茶文化，韩将泡茶和泡茶的过程放在了小 红书、哗哩哗哩和
20、抖音等社交媒体平台上，吸引了 2万多粉丝）”可知，韩哲民在社交媒体 平台上分享点茶的过程是为了传播点茶文化。故答案为：To spread dian cha culture.【25题详解】本题属于开放性问题，言之成理皆可。我们可以更多地了解它，并在社交媒体平台上分 享，故答案为： We can learn more about it and share on social media platforms.第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完型填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填 入空白处的最佳选项。It wa
21、s a dark night. Thick, dark, gray clouds had made sure that there was no starlight or moonlight to 26 me as I walked out of my porch （门厅）.Still, I kept the porch light off because I didnt want to be 27 by bugs and moths （飞蛾）on this sticky 28 evening. I stood there for a while letting my eyes adjust
22、to the lack of 29.It was then, though, that I saw them. First one blink of light at the far end of the30followed by another and then another. I 31 I recognized them at once as my firefly （萤火虫）friends, my lightning bug buddies who always 32 this time of the year.When I was little I used to sit in the
23、 grass and watch them 33 fly around blinking on and off. I never 34 and put one in ajar as some kids did because T never wanted to hurt these messengers of light. Their time on this earth was so 35 as it was. I tried to enjoy them each night they were here. It always 36 me when they disappeared in t
24、he fall and it always made my heart sing when they 37 the next summer.We are like them in a lot of ways. Our 38 here on earth is brief. Often our light of love is more like on and off blinks rather than a 39 shine. Still, we do our best to share itand take 40 in knowing that others will be shining t
25、heir light long after we are gone.26. A. show27. A. troubled28. A. spring29. A. heat30. A. porch31. A. wept32. A. turned outup33. A. frequently34. A. saw35. A. hard36. A. depressed37. A. reduced38. A. hope39. A. steady40. A. delight【答案】26. B 2735. D 36. A 37B. greetB. injuredB. summerB. waterB. room
26、B. criedB. gave inB. cautiouslyB.hitB. terribleB. surprisedB. reappearedB. memoryB. faintB. comfort.A 28. B 29. C.B38. D 39. AC. pleaseC. shinedC. fallC. lightC. grasslandC. smiledC. settled downC. nervouslyC.caughtC. usefulC. confusedC. returnedC. mindC. brightC. action30. C 31. C 32. D40. BD. impa
27、ct D. tracked D. winter D. airD. forestD. sighed D. showedD. slowlyD. gotD. briefD. excitedD. reactedD. lifeD. clearD. interest33. D 34. C【解析】【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。讲述了作者晚上到院子里，遇到喜爱的萤火虫，并且认为 人类和萤火虫一样，在这个星球上，生命短暂，但即便如此，我们也要努力地用微光照亮 世界。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我走出门廊时，厚厚的乌云证实没有星光或月光迎接我。A. show展示；B.greet迎接，问候；C.pleas
28、e取悦；D. impact影响。根据前面的“there was no starlight or moonlight to”和后面的me as I walked out on my porch”可知，作者走出来的时 候，因为漆黑一片，因此没有月光和星光来迎接他，此处为拟人用法。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我还是关掉了门廊的灯，因为我不想在这个湿热的 夏夜被虫子和飞蛾骚扰。A. troubled困扰；B. injured伤害；C. shined闪耀；D. tracked追 踪。根据上文的“I kept the porch light off和后面的“bugs and m
29、oths”可知，作者不喜欢被虫 子和飞蛾等袭扰，而把灯关掉。故选A。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我还是关掉了门廊的灯，因为我不想在这个湿热的 夏夜被虫子和飞蛾骚扰。A. spring春天；B. summer夏天；C.fall秋天；D.winter冬天。结 合后面的“summer evening”和常识可知当时是夏季。故选Bo【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在那儿站了一会儿，让眼睛适应光线的缺乏。A. heat高温；B. water 水；C. light 光线；D. air 空气。根据上文的“there was no starlight or moonlight和I
30、kept the porch light ofF可知当时没有光，作者在那里站了一会儿，是为了让眼睛适应光线 不足的情况。故选C。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：首先是草原尽头的一闪一闪，接着是另一闪一闪。A. porch 11 廊；B. room 房间；C. grassland 草原；D. forest 森林。根据后文“When I was little I used to sit in the grass and watch them ”可知，作者小时候常常坐在草地上，看着萤火虫，说明萤火虫 出现在草原尽头。故选C。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我微笑了。A. wept哭泣；B
31、.cried哭泣；Csmiled微笑；D. sighed 叹息。据下文的I recognized them at once as my firefly fHends”可知，作者看到了 自己 的萤火虫朋友，应该是微笑了。故选C。【32题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我一眼就认出他们是我的萤火虫朋友，我的闪电虫伙伴，它们 总是在每年的这个时候出现。A. turned out结果是；B. gave in屈服；C. settled down定居； D. showed up露面。根据常识可知，萤火虫总是在每年的夏季晚上出现。故选D。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我小的时候，我常常坐在草地上，看
32、着它们忽明忽暗慢慢地 飞来飞去。A. fearfully 可怕地；B. cautiously 谨慎地；C. nervously 紧张地；D. slowly 缓慢 地。根据常识和下文“put one in ajar as some kids did”可知，孩子们能逮住萤火虫说明它飞 得慢。故选D。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有像一些孩子那样抓住它们并放进罐子里，因为我从 来不想伤害这些光的使者。A. saw看见；B. hit打击；C.caught抓住；D.got得到。根据后 面的“ put one in ajar as some kids did”可知，只有逮住萤火虫才能放进罐
33、子里。故选C。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们在世上的时间是如此短暂。A. hard努力的；B. terrible 糕的；C. useful 有用的;D. brief 短暂的。由下文“they disappeared in the fall和they reappeared the next summer”可知，夏天出现的萤火虫，秋天消失，所以萤火虫在地球上的 时间很短暂。故选D。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当它们在秋天消失时，我总是感到沮丧；当它们在第二年夏天 再次出现时,我的心总是在歌唱。A. depressed使沮丧；B. surprised惊讶;C.confused
34、使困 惑；D. excited使激动。作者把萤火虫当作朋友，所以当它们在秋天消失时，总是让作者感 到沮丧。故选A。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当它们在秋天消失时，我总是感到沮丧；当它们在第二年夏天 再次出现时，我的心总是在歌唱。A. reduced产生；B.reappeared再次出现；C. returned 返回；D. reacted反应。作者喜欢萤火虫，把它们当朋友，结合后面的“when they re即peared the next summer”可知，当它们在第二年夏天再次出现时，作者很开心。故选B。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在地球上的生命是短暂的。A. ho
35、pe希望；B. memory记 忆；C. mind思维；D. life生活，生命。根据前面的“We are like them in a lot of ways.”和后面 的“here on earth is brief可知，作者感慨人类和这些萤火虫一样，人生短暂。故选D。【39题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通常，我们的爱之光更像是忽明忽暗闪烁的光，而不是稳定 的光芒。A. steady稳定的；B.faint头晕的;C.bright明亮的；D. clear清楚的。与前面“on and off blinks”对比，指稳定的闪耀。故选A。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我们还是
36、尽我们最大的努力去分享它，因为我们知 道在我们死后，其他人仍将闪耀着他们的光芒，这让我们感到安慰。A. delight 高兴；B fort安慰；C action行动；D. interest兴趣。此处指虽然人生短暂，但我们仍要尽力发 光，就算我们离去，也会有别人闪耀着他们的光芒，我们也就能够释怀了。take comfort in“感到宽慰:故选B。第二节语篇填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Shadow theater is a unique art form in China. Thanks to the ba
37、sic principle of light and shadow projected (投影)onto a screen, performers use puppets (玩偶) 41 (make) from animal skins to tell stories in a form of opera. Two thousand years ago, the sadness of Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty over the death of his favorite lover was 42 (full) relieved by the p
38、rojection of her figure through a game of lights. This started 43 is now known in China as the earliest form of shadow play.Among all the countrys branches, Beijing shadow theater stands out 44 its techniques and its specific tunes. It 45 (experience) a long period of formation and now features uniq
39、ue performance methods. Its vocal (声乐的)tone and actual puppets draw46 (inspire) from Kunqu Opera and Peking Opera.In the past, the shadow theater 47 (perform) in the fields, with all performers hidden behind the scenes; some controlled the puppets and sang, while others managed the music. A performi
40、ng group would consist of six or seven people and a box of puppets. When people put on 48 play at a market, a light box and a curtain would be enough 49 (start) the show. Requiring only a few things, the theater was characterized by its mobility, often50(appear) at weddings, dinner parties and Chine
41、se New Year celebrations. 【答案】41. made42. fully 43. what44. for 45. has experienced46. inspiration47. was performed 48. a 49. to start 50. appearing【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国皮影戏的历史以及演出特点。41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于光影投射到屏幕上的基本原理，表演者用动物皮制成的木偶 以一种歌剧的形式讲故事。分析句子结构可知make在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑 主语puppets构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故
42、填made。【42题详解】考查副词。句意：两千年前，西汉武帝因心爱的情人去世而悲伤，通过一场灯光游戏投射 出她的身影，从而完全缓解了这种悲伤。修饰动词relieve应用副词fully,作状语。故填 fullyo【43题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：这就是现在中国所知的最早的皮影戏形式。引导宾语从句，从句中 缺少主语，指事物故用what。故填what。【44题详解】考查介词。句意：在全国所有的分支中，北京皮影戏以其技术和特定的曲调而闻名。结合 句意表示“以而闻名”短语为stand out for。故填foro【45题详解】考查时态。句意：它的形成经历了很长一段时间，现在具有独特的性能方法。根据后文，
43、 long period of formation”可知应用现在完成时，主语为it,助动词用has。故填has experienced o【46题详解】考查名词。句意：它的唱腔和木偶的实际灵感来自昆曲和京剧。作宾语，表示“灵感”应 用名词 inspirationo 故填 inspirationo【47题详解】考查时态语态。句意：过去，皮影戏是在田野里表演的，所有的表演者都躲在幕后；一些 人控制木偶并唱歌，而另一些人则负责音乐。主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合上文In the past可知为一般过去时的被动语态。故填was performedo【48题详解】考查冠词。句意：当人们在市场上演出时，一个
44、灯箱和一个幕布就足以开始演出了。play 为可数名词，此处为泛指且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。【49题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当人们在市场上演出时，一个灯箱和一个幕布就足以开始演出To结合句意表示“足以做某事”短语为be enough to do sth.。故填to start。【50题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：剧院只需要几样东西，它的特点是流动性，经常出现在婚礼、晚 宴和中国新年的庆祝活动中。分析句子结构可知appear在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻 辑主语the theater构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填appearing。第三部分应用文写作（满分20分）51.假定
45、你是李华，一名高一在校生。你校将要举办新生英语夏令营活动，请你作为学生 代表发言。内容包括：1 .祝贺他们升入高中；2 .分享你过去一年的学习经验；3 ,提出你的假期安排建议。注意：1 ,词数80左右;2 .不得出现真实姓名和学校名称；3 .发言稿的开头及首句已为你写好。Dear schoolmates,Good morning, everyone. Tm Li Hua, a student from Class 5, Grade 1.【答案Dear schoolmatesGood morning, everyone. Tm Li Hua, a student from Class 5, Gr
46、ade 1. Congratulations, everyone! From today on, all of you will be part of our school, and start a new journey in your life. I feel honored to have the chance to share some high school life experiences with you.In the past year, I have experienced the excitement of becoming a high school student li
47、ke you, but studying in the beginning was not as easy as expected. Now, I want to tell you the only way to earn respect from others is to work hard and achieve high grades.As for the summer vacation, I suggest all of you make full use of it to be well prepared for the high school life. First of all,
48、 take exercise for at least an hour daily, since good health is the basic of our study and work. Whafs more, develop a good habit of study. Finally, doing some housework is of equal importance.Thank you for your listening and may you have a good time in the coming year.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的发言稿。要求考生作为学生代表发言祝贺高一 新生升入高中，同时分享过去一年的学习经验以及对他们的假期安排建议。【详解】1.词汇积累兴奋：excitement 一 thrill首先：first of all initially止匕夕卜: whafs more bes