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1、第17练科普知识与现代技术基础巩固I.单句语法填空1 .Thelnternethasenabledus(know)andunderstandthcwholeworldmuchbetter.2 . However, someofscientificinventionshaveevencausedgreatharm mankind.3 .Therapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnology(bring)aboutgreatchangestohumanlifesofar.4 .Iwilltellyou (direct)thatscientistsarethosewhop
2、romotethesocialprogress.5 .Inl8thcentury,the(invent)ofthesteamengineledtothefirstIndustrialRevolution.6 . Weneedtoacceptthefactthatthesemoderninventionshavebroughtmuch(conveni ent) tons.7 .Incontrast,thisconditionjustindicatesthatourlifeisconnected moderninventionsclosely.8 .Whylsayitnormalisbecause
3、lbelievethatnothingis(absolute)goodandrightforus.9 .Exceptforthemoderninventionsoftransport ,thereareplentyofotherthings ,(include) robots.10 . Wecandomanythingsthatwedidn, thavetheabilitytodointhepastby(use) robots.11 .Ifourgovernmentdoitwell,I(full)believethatthelnternetwillprovidemoreconveniencef
4、orus.12 .Weliveinanage moreinformationisavailablewithgreatereasethaneverbefore.13 . Thenewtechnology , if(apply) toricegrowing ,willhelpincreasethegrainoutput.14 .Bethought that thekeyto(feed)peoplewastohavemorericeandtoproduceitmorequickly.15 .Iwanttointroduceoneofthemostinfluentialmodern(invent)in
5、ourlife一thecomputernetwork.话题词汇1. advantage/?. 优势2. artificials办人造的，人工的3. negativeeffect 负面影响4. breakthrough）.突破5. surfthelnternet 上网6. explorer.探索7. convenience/?. 方便8. withthedevelopmentof.随着的发展9. changeone, slife改变某人的生活10. drawback，.缺点，不利条件能力提升II.阅读理解（2018 辽宁葫芦岛一模）AccordingtoanewresearchfromtheUn
6、iversityofCambridgeinEngland,sheepareabletorecognizehumanfacesfromphotographs.ThefarmanimaIs,whoaresocialandhavelargebrains,werepreviouslyknowntobeabletorecognizeoneanother,aswellasfamiliarhumans. However, theirabilitytorecognizehumanfacesfromphotosaloneisnovel.Therecentstudy,theresultsofwhichwerepu
7、blishedinthejournal/FoyaVSc/etyshowedthatthewoollycreatur escouldbetrainedtorecognizestillimagesofhumanfaces,includingthoseofformerPresidentBarackObamaandactressEmmaWatson. Initially,thesheepweretrainedtoapproachcertainimagesbybeinggivenfoodrewards. Later,theywereabletorecognizetheimagesforwhichthey
8、hadbeenrewarded. Thesheepcouldevenrec ognizeimagesoffacesshownatanangle,thoughtheirabilitytodosodeclinedbyaboutl5percentthesamerateatwhichahuman? sabi 1itytoperformthesametaskdeclines. uAnyonewhohasspenttimeworkingwithsheepwillknow thattheyareintelligentandindividualanimalswhoareabletorecognizetheir
9、handlers. s aidProfessorJennyMorton,wholedtheCambridgestudy. We veshownwithourstudythatsheephaveadvancedface-recog nitionabilities, closetothoseofhumansandmonkeys. ” Recognizingfacesisoneofthemostimportantsocialskillsforhumanbeings,andsomedisordersofthebrain, includingHuntington? sdisease, affectthi
10、sability.uSheeparelong-livedandhavebrainsthataresimilarinsizeandcomplexitytothoseof somemonkeys. Thatmeanstheycanbeusefulmodelstohelpusunderstanddisordersofthebrain, suchaslluntington, sdiseasethatdevelopoveralongtimeandaffeetcognitive（ 认 知的） abilities.Ourstudygivesusanotherwaytomonitorhowtheseabili
11、tieschange. ? Mortonsaid16. Accordingtothenewresearch, what sunusualaboutsheep? A. Theyhavelargebrains.B. Theycanrecognizetheirowners. C. Theycantellanimalsfromhumans. D. Theycanrecognizehumanfacesfromphotographs. 17. Howdidtheresearcherstrainthesheep? A. Bygivingfoodrewards.B. Byshowingphotosoffamo
12、uspeople.C. Byguidingthemtofollowtheirhandlers.D. Byshowingphotosofhumansandmonkeysbyturns. 18. Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A. Sheephaveahigherface-recognitionabilitythanmonkeys.B. Thenewdiscoveryisofgreatbenefittothestudyofcognitiveabilitychanges.C. Thesheep, sface-recognitionabilitymayprevents
13、omedisordersofthebrain.D. Thesheep? sface-recognitionabilitystaysthesamewhenshownphotosatanyangle. 19. What sthebesttitleofthepassage?A. AWonderfulScientist B. TheLifeofSheepC. ANewDiscoveryAboutSheep D. HowSheepRecognizeEachOther III.完形填空Iwasconfusedwhilelwaseatinglunchinarestauranttheotherday. Iwa
14、ssittingtherelo okingatwhatl? d 20 andwonderedifanyoneelsecouIdseethe 21_ inmymind. I maboutt o 22 alotoffatandwashitdownwithadietsoda.23,Idothingslikethatallthetime,whichisprobab 1 ywhythepoundsare 24 soslowly. Ispendhalfanhouronthetreadmi 11 （跑步 机）andI 2526 thatlwillnolongereatthemagain,soljusteat
15、alotatthistime. ImakeitaiIthewaythroughtheentiredaydoingeverythingabsol utelyright,andthenatbedtime ujustonechipwon, t 27 it“ turnsinto uwheredidthatentirebagofp otatochipsgo? ”Ofcourse, I 2829. Iwasstartingtofeela(n) 3031, lenteredaperiodoflong, latenightsfilledwith 32 deadlines. Isatinfrontofmycom
16、puter,eatingsnacksanddrinkingsodastohelpinestay 33 . Withinafewdays,thehabitofasensibleeatingandexercisingwasa 34.Unfortunatebut 3536,Ihadworktodo,forwhichlneededalltheenergylcould 3738Istarteddoingso,itbecameeasiertoskipthem. 39.B.orderedC. designedD.introducedB.competitionC. performanceD.practiceB
17、.containC. loseD.consumeB.HappilyC. UnfortunatelyD.HopefullyB.passingawayC. takingoffD.turningawayB.connectC. presentD.rewardB.pretendC. imagineD.decideB.countC. changeD.solveB.sometimesC. seldomD.neverB.instantlyC. regularlyD.slightlyB.attractionC. differenceD.painB.habitC gameD.hobbyB.commonC. ins
18、piringD.tightC. healthyC. realityC. understandableC. BesidesC. showC. unlessC. causeW.应用文写作B. calmD. strongB. memoryD. trendB. changeableD. enjoyableB. HoweverD. OtherwiseB. saveD. throwB. beforeD. thoughB. fault1). excuse假定你是班长李华，请根据以下内容给新任外教Smith先生写一封信，向他表示欢迎并 转达同学们对英语课的建议：1 .介绍西方文化；2 .组织多种多样的活动；3
19、 .关注学生发音，提高听说能力。注意：1 .词数80左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数;2 .可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearMrSmith,Thankyouverymuch. Wearelookingforwardtomeetingyousoon!Yourstruly,LiHua答案精析话题练II.语篇解读 本文介绍了一项新的研究成果：绵羊能够从照片中识别人脸。16. D 细节理解题。由第一段中的 “sheep are able to recognize human faces from photographs”可知，绵羊的不寻常之处在于它们能够从照片中识别人脸，故选D。17. A
20、细节理解题。由第四段首句 uInitially, the sheep were trained to approach certain images by being given food rewards. 可知，研究人员通过给绵羊食物奖励来训 练绵羊，故选A。18. B 推理判断题。由最后一段中的 “That means they can be useful models to help. Our study gives us another way to monitor how these abilities change. ” 可以推断出，该 项新发现有益于对认知能力改变的研究，故选B。
21、19. C 标题归纳题。通读全文可知这篇文章主要讲了一项新的研究表明绵羊能够从照片中 识别人脸，故选C。IIL语篇解读作者想要减肥，但是他不断地摄入大量脂肪，又因为种种原因放弃了锻炼，最终 减肥失败。20. B cook烹饪；order点菜，命令；design设计；introduce介绍。由上文中的“Iwas eating lunch in a restaurantn可知，此处指作者看着自己“点的食物”。21. A battle 战斗；competition 竞争；performance 表演；practice 练习。下一句提到 作者摄入大量脂肪，又喝苏打水减肥，故可知作者非常矛盾，内心做着激
22、烈的“斗争”。故 A项正确。22. D burn燃烧；contain包含；lose失去；consume吃，喝，饮。作者打算消耗掉大量 的脂肪。故D项正确。23. C surprisingly 令人惊讶地；happily 高兴地；unfortunately 不幸地；hopefully 有希望地。上一句提到作者想要减肥，但是不幸的是作者还不断地摄入大量脂肪，所以此处 意为“不幸的是”。故C项正确。24. A come off 从掉下；pass away 去世；take off 起飞；turn away 拒绝进入。作者不断地摄入大量脂肪，这是作者体重下降慢的原因。故A项正确。25. D equip装
23、备，使具有；connect连接；present颁发，呈现；reward奖赏。作者在跑 步机上锻炼半个小时后，用薯片来奖励自己。故D项正确。26. D agree 同意；pretend 假装；imagine 想象；decide 决定。由后面的 “so I just eat a lot at this time可知，作者决定以后再也不吃薯片了，所以只在这次吃很多的薯片。 故D项正确。27. A hurt危害，伤害；count数数；change改变；solve解决。作者认为只吃一片薯片 不会妨碍自己减肥，这是作者为自己吃薯片找的借口。故A项正确。28. B always 一直，总是；sometime
24、s 有时候；seldom 很少；never 从不。由下一句 “OnceI put together two full weeks of eating properly. 可知,作者有时候减肥计划实施 得很好。故B项正确。29. C hardly几乎不；instantly立即;regularly有规律地,定期地；slightly稍微地。由下文“I could bend over to tie my shoes more easily. ”可知，作者的减肥计划曾经 实施得很好。由此可知，作者曾经有两周坚持合理饮食并经常锻炼。故C项正确。 30. C urge迫切的要求；attraction吸引力；
25、difference不同；pain痛苦。由下一句I could bend over to tie my shoes more easily. ”可知，作者弯腰系鞋带容易多了，说明 作者开始感觉到不同了。故C项正确。31. B plan计划；habit习惯；game游戏；hobby业余爱好。由该段最后一句中的“the habit of a sensible eating and exercising可知,此处指正当合理饮食和经常锻炼即将成为一 个习惯时。故B项正确。32. D original最初的；common常见的；inspiring鼓舞人心的；tight紧的。由下一句 作者熬夜工作可知，作
26、者的工作期限很紧。故D项正确。33. A awake醒着的；calm冷静的；healthy健康的；strong强壮的。作者通过吃零食、 喝苏打水来保持清醒状态。故A项正确。34. B goal目标；memory记忆；reality现实；trend趋势。熬夜使得作者没有再坚持合 理的饮食和锻炼，所以合理的饮食和锻炼成为了一个“记忆”。故B项正确。35. C unbelievable 难以置信的；changeable 易变的；understandable 可理解的；enjoyable 愉快的。作者太疲惫了以至于不能坚持锻炼，这虽然不幸但是可以理解。故C项正确。 36. C therefore因此；
27、however但是；besides此外；otherwise否则。上一句提到作者 太累以至于不能坚持锻炼。该句提到作者有大量工作要做。这都是作者放弃的原因，它们之 间是并列关系，故C项正确。37. B lack缺乏；save储存，节省；show展示；throw扔。大量的工作需要消耗作者所能 储存的所有能量。故B项正确。38. A once一旦；before以前；unless除非；though但是。一旦间断锻炼，以后就很容 易经常间断。故A项正确。39. D choice选择；fault缺点，过失；cause起因；excuse借口。作者认为我们总是能 够找到理由不去做应该做的事。每一个理由都是为自
28、己开脱的借口。故D项正确。 W.【参考范文】 DearMrSmith,I mwritingonbehalfofmyclasstoextcndourwannwelconietoyou. Hcrearesomeofourexp ectationsforyourEnglishelass.Firstly,we dliketohavetopicsinclassaboutWesternculturesowecanknowmoreabouttheculturebeh indthelanguage. Besides,we dappreciatevariousactivitiestogeteveryoneinv
29、olvedandtomakeclassesinteresting .Finally , pleasegiveussomeguidanceandtraininginourpronunciation , becausewethinkweareweakinit. Andwearealleagertohaveourlisteningandspeakingabiliti esimproved. It sourhopethatwecanspeakEnglishfluently.Thankyouvecymuch. Wearelookicgforwacdtomcetingyousoon!Yourstruly,LiHua