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1、余姚中学2022试学年第一学期期中考试高二英语试卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题;每小题L5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一 小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What happened to the man?A. Hes injured.B. Hes tired.C. Hes lost.【答案】B【解析】【原文】 W: Keep moving towards that island.
2、I bet that theres food and shelter there.M: Im trying, but were worn out. Can we take a break?W: Please, Hank! Its our only hope.2 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the woman want to grow in her garden?A. Herbs.B. Flowers.C. Vegetables.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M: Your garden looks beautiful. Do you just grow flowers
3、?W: No I grow herbs as well, like this wild garlic. I wish I had enough space to grow vegetables, though.3 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】How does the woman sound?C. Unconfident.A. Angry.B. Pleased.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W: 1 wish I were tall, just like all the fashion models.M: Oh, Rachel. Youre just as beautiful as any
4、 of them.W: But they have such perfect hair, skin and makeup.M: Beauty is on both the inside and outside, dear.4 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 了自己的自行车店Penuel bikes。这家商店实现了他一生的梦想）”可知，乔治一生的梦想是开自己的自行车 店。故选C项。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段 u George found that kids these days lead a different life. Usually, they dont want a b
5、ike fbr their birthday. And most of them ever dont know how to ride a bike. Instead of getting out and riding, they prefer spending their time on their phones indoors. As kids dont ride, it is impossible that parents crowd in his shop to buy new bikes. Nine years after opening his Penuel Bicycles, G
6、eorge feared that he had to close the shop.（乔治发现现在的孩子有了不同的生活方式。通常，他们不想要自行车作为生日礼物。他们中的大多数 人都不知道如何骑自行车。比起出门骑车，他们更喜欢在室内玩手机。由于孩子们不骑自行车，父母们不 可能挤进他的商店里买新自行车。在佩努埃尔自行车店开业9年后，乔治担心他不得不关闭这家店）”可推 知，乔治的自行车生意一度陷入困境的原因是孩子们的生活方式改变了。故选A项。【27题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，乔治回忆了童年时期骑自行车的快乐和现在孩子们生活方式的改变让他们无 法体会骑车的乐趣，但疫情再次让许多美国人发现骑自行
7、车和意义。结合最后一段中“Now he is trying his best to meet his customers9 needs and hopes that his customers can really discover the joy of riding.（现在他正在努 力满足顾客的需求，希望顾客能真正发现骑行的乐趣）”可推知，“骑行的乐趣”贯穿全文，是文章的线索, 所以“Joy of Wheel （轮子上的快乐）”是最佳标题。故选A项。CA new study published Monday in an American Heart Association journal H
8、ypertension, examined 360,000 participants who provided blood, urine and saliva （唾液）samples, as well as detailed information about their lifestyles. Researchers found that adults who napped often were more likely to develop high blood pressure and have a stroke. But that doesnt mean the napping caus
9、es these health issues - instead, napping may be due to unhealthy behaviors. The researchers found that a high percentage of frequent nappers reported cigarette smoking, daily drinking, insomnia （失眠症）and other factors that could contribute to health-related issues.Dr. Margaret Blattner, clinical ins
10、tructor, from the department of neurology at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, tells PEOPLE that frequent or long daytime naps can disturb healthy nighttime sleep. Napping during the day may make it harder to fall asleep at night or cause nighttime sleep to become fragmentedand that missing out
11、on night time sleep can cause severe daytime sleepiness.u Often, naps continuing long are less restorative than more brief daytime naps; people often wake up unrefreshed after a long nap J she adds. Additionally, long day time naps take away time from other healthy things that people enjoy during th
12、e day: spending time with family, enjoying hobbies, and exercise.”When napping during the day becomes unpredictable, uncontrollable, or prevents an individual from accomplishing what they need or want to do, it could indicate a possible sleep disorder.But Blattner assures that taking naps can also b
13、e beneficial. Napping is not always a cause for concern. Taking a nap can be refreshing and enjoyable J she says. The key is, are you missing out on things that you enjoy because you are too sleepy to stay awake - that can indicate a problem -or does the nap help you get more out of your day?”“Takin
14、g a brief nap can feel restorative, reduce stress, and improve fbcus. Early afternoon is a good time to nap, as this agrees with a physical circle dip in energy/ Blattner continues.v However, napping too late into the afternoon or evening may impact night time sleep quality and make it harder to fal
15、l asleep. ”28. Why are adults often taking daytime napping more at risk of high blood pressure and strokes?A. Because the frequent daytime napping causes these health issues.B. Because the daytime napping is less restorative than nighttime sleep.C. Because you cant get more out of the daytime nappin
16、g.D. Because the frequent daytime napping is more likely caused by some unhealthy behaviors.29. What does the underlined word in paragraph 2 mean?A. Broken.B. Scarce.C. Abundant.D. Regular.30. When will you be in the minimum energy interval generally?A. At 9 AM.B.At 1 PM.C. At 4 PM.D.At 10 PM.31. Wh
17、at is Dr. Margaret Blattner attitude towards the daytime napping?A. Doubtful.B. Objective.C. Indifferent.D. Opposed.【答案】28.D29. A 30. B 31. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了白天小睡对人的影响。【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第段中的 “Researchers found that adults who napped often were more likely to develop high blood pressure and have a
18、stroke. But that doesnt mean the napping causes these health issues - instead, napping may be due to unhealthy behaviors. The researchers found that a high percentage of frequent nappers reported cigarette smoking, daily drinking, insomnia （失日民症）and other factors that could contribute to health-rela
19、ted issues.（研究人员发现，经常午唾的成年人更容易患高血压和中风。但这并不意味着打盹会导致这些健康问 题相反，打盹可能是不健康行为的结果。研究人员发现，经常午睡的人有很大比例报告说吸烟、每日 饮酒、失眠和其他可能导致健康问题的因素）”可知，经常午睡的人往往会具有影响健康的因素。而这些因 素会使他们更容易患高血压和中风。故选D。【29题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“frequent or long daytime naps can disturb healthy nighttime sleep. Napping during the day may make it harder t
20、o fall asleep at night（白天频繁或长时间的小睡会影响健康的夜间睡眠。白天打盹可 能会使晚上更难入睡）”和画线部分后面的 “that missing out on night time sleep can cause severe daytime sleepiness（夜间睡眠时间的缺失会导致白天严重的困倦）”可知，白天打盹会影响晚上的睡眠，导致晚上睡眠 缺失。unighttime sleep to become fragmented,和 uharder to fall asleep at night” 并列，应该指的是睡眠缺失 的一种情况。结合选项，A选项（不连续的，间断
21、的）符合这种情形。即：白天打盹会导致晚上睡眠不连贯， 睡眠时间不足。故选A。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的 “Often, naps continuing long are less restorative than more brief daytime naps; people often wake up unrefreshed after a long nap.（通常，长时间的小睡不如白天短暂的小睡更能恢复体力；人 们经常在长时间午睡后醒来，精神萎靡）”可知，午睡醒来后人们处于精力的最低值。结合选项，B选项（下 午一点）符合这个时间点。故选B。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段
22、中的“Dr. Margaret Blattner tells PEOPLE that frequent or long daytime naps can disturb healthy nighttime sleep（玛格丽特布拉特纳博士告诉人物杂志，白天频繁或长时间的小睡会影响健康的 夜间睡眠）”和倒数第二段中的 “But Blattner assures that taking naps can also be beneficial（但布拉特纳保证， 小睡也可能是有益的）”可知I, Margaret Blattner认为白天小睡既有好处也有坏处。因此，她对白天小睡的态 度是客观的。故选B。
23、DHave you ever had the urge to open a book and stick your nose straight into the pages? The smell of old books can refresh any book lovers. We dont know why, but it is just pleasant to us.Describing the smell can be a challenge. And mere adjectives will likely be of little use to future generations
24、of historians trying to document, understand or reproduce the scent of slowly decaying books. Now, that task may have just gotten easier thanks to the Historic Book Odor Wheel.In one experiment, researchers asked visitors at the historic library to characterize the scents they smelled. All the visit
25、ors selected words like “woody, smoky and earthy from the list, and described the smelfs intensity and perceived pleasantness. In another experiment, the study authors presented visitors to the Birmingham Museum with eight smells-one of which was an unlabeled historic book scent and seven were non-b
26、ookish, such as coffee, chocolate, fish market and dirty clothes. The researchers then had those museumgoers describe the historic book smell. The top two responses? Chocolate and coffee.You tend to use familiar associations to describe smells when they are unlabeled J study author Cecilia Bembibre
27、says.The team even analyzed the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the book and the library. Using the data from the chemical analysis and visitors smell descriptions, the researchers created the Historic Book Odor Wheel to document the historic library smell”. Main categories, such as “sweet/spic
28、y”, fill the inner circle of the wheel; descriptors, such as chocolate/ cream，fill the middle; and the chemical compounds likely to be the smelly source, like furfural, fill the outer circle. The researchers want the book odor wheel to be a tool that untrained noses” can use to identify smells and t
29、he compounds causing them, which could address conservators9 concerns about material composition and historic paper conservation. And hopefully, smells of the past can be reproduced in the lab someday and museums and historians can use it to reconstruct a past we can no longer smell.32. What phenome
30、non is described in the first paragraph?A. Addiction to reading books.B. Fascination for smells of books.C. An odd reading habit.D. A dislike for smelling books.33. How do people usually describe unlabeled smells?A. By referring to familiar items.B. By using adjectives to label them.C. By linking th
31、em with food smells.D. By analyzing chemical components.34. What is the function of the Historic Book Odor Wheel”？A. To store book smells.B. To characterize smells.C. To collect history books.D. To test different scents.35. What is the potential future application of the study?A. Creating a whole ne
32、w scent.B. Sharpening sensory perceptions.C. Restoring smells of historic documents.D. Extracting components of “old book smell”.【答案】32. B 33. A 34. B 35. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种用于记录旧书气味的“气味轮”的诞生。研究人员通过在博 物馆和图书馆组织游客进行气味感官描述，并开展化学分析，创建了历史书籍气味轮来记录“历史图书馆 的气味”。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第段Have you ever had the ur
33、ge to open a book and stick your nose straight into the pages? The smell of old books can refresh any book lovers. We dont know why, but it is just pleasant to us.(你是否曾经有过一种冲动，想打开一本书，把鼻子直接贴在书页上？旧书的味道能使任何书迷精神焕发。我们不知道为什么，但它只是让我们愉快）”可知，第一段描述了我们对书籍气味的迷恋。故选B。【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句话 “You tend to use fami
34、liar associations to describe smells when they are unlabelcd/ study author Cecilia Bembibre says.（“当没有标签的气味时，你倾向于使用熟悉的联想来描述它们，” 研究作者Cecilia Bembibre说）”及第三段全段对于实验过程的描述可知，人们在描述未知气味时，倾向于使 用熟悉的事物来展开联想。故选A。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的 “Using the data from the chemical analysis and visitors, smell descriptions, t
35、he researchers created the Historic Book Odor Wheel to document the historic library smell”. Main categories, such as “sweet/spicy”, fill the inner circle of the wheel; descriptors, such as chocolate/ cream”, fill the middle; and the chemical compounds likely to be the smelly source, like furfural,
36、fill the outer circle.（利用来自化学分析和游客气 味描述的数据，研究人员创建了 “历史图书气味轮”来记录“历史图书馆的气味”。主要类别，如“甜/辣。 填满了轮子的内圆；描述词，如“巧克力/奶油”，填满了中间；而可能是气味来源的化合物，如糠醛，则填 满了外层）”可知，“历史图书气味轮”的功能应是描述气味。故选B。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的The researchers want the book odor wheel to be a tool that untrained noses” can use to identify smells and the c
37、ompounds causing them, which could address conservators9 concerns about material composition and historic paper conservation. And hopefully, smells of the past can be reproduced in the lab someday and museums and historians can use it to reconstruct a past we can no longer smell.（研究人员希望书的气味轮自1 成为一种工
38、具，“未经训练的鼻子”可以用来识别气味和引起气味的化合物，这可以解决文物保护人员对材 料组成和历史文献保护的担忧。希望有一天，过去的气味可以在实验室里重现，博物馆和历史学家可以用 它来重建我们再也闻不到的过去）”可知，研究者们未来有望利用气味轮来保护历史材料文献、重现过去的 气味。故选C。第二节（共5个小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。For making contact and communicating with a person, effective eye contact is essential
39、to our everydayinteraction with people, and also to those who want to be effective communicators in public places. 36.Generally in Western societies and many other cultures, eye contact with a person is expected to be regular but not overly persistent. 37、causing the person whos the object of a pers
40、ons stare to feel overly studied anduncomfortable.38. The New Zealand Medical Journal reported that one reason so many young children fall victim toattacks by pet dogs is their overly-lasting eye contact with pets, which causes them to feel threatened and defensive.Overly lasting eye contact is also
41、 a sign of a persons over-awareness of the messages they are giving. In the case of people who try to lie to someone, they may distort （扭曲）their eye contact so that theyre not avoiding it.39. But on the contrary, evasive （逃避的）eye contact is a sign of discomfort. Why do we avoid looking at aperson? I
42、t may be because we feel ashamed to be looking at them if were being dishonest of trying to take them in. Evasive eye contact may also a sign of dishonesty.However, Scotlands University of Stirling found that, in a question-and-answer study among children, those who maintained eye contact were less
43、likely to come up with the correct answer to a question than those who looked away to consider their response. 40, when this energy could be spent on deep thinking.A. This is a widely recognized indicator of lyingB. Constant eye contact is often considered to be rudeC. Eye contact is the act of look
44、ing into someones eyesD. But theres something you may not know about eye contactE. Overpowering eye contact can make the other person excitedF. Even between humans and non-humans, lasting eye contact is sometimes unadvisableG. Eye contact, as a socializing device, can take a suiprising amount of eff
45、ort to maintain【答案】36.D37. B 38. F 39. A 40. G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了生活中一些你可能不知道的关于眼神交流的事。【36题详解】本艮据上文 “For making contact and communicating with a person, effective eye contact is essential to our everyday interaction with people, and also to those who want to be effective communicators in public
46、places.（为 了 与人接触 和交流，有效的眼神交流对于我们与人的日常互动至关重要，对于那些想在公共场所成为有效沟通者的人 来说也是如此）”可知，上文介绍了眼神交流在生活中的重要性，D项但是有一些你可能不知道的关于眼 神交流的事”能够承接上文并引起下文，下文介绍的正是一些你可能不知道的关于眼神交流的事。故选D。【37题详解】根据上文“ Generally in Western societies and many other cultures, eye contact with a person is expected to be regular but not overly persis
47、tent.（一般来说，在西方社会和许多其他文化中，与人的眼神接触应该是间隙均匀的，但 不会过于持久）”可知，上文告诉我们，在西方社会和许多其他文化中，眼神接触不应该过于持久，B项“不 断的眼神接触通常被认为是粗鲁的”能够承接上文，在西方社会和许多其他文化中，眼神接触不应该过于 持久，因为不断的目光接触通常被认为是粗鲁的。故选B。【38题详解】 根据下文“ The New Zealand Medical Journal reported that one reason so many young children fall victim to attacks by pet dogs is the
48、ir overly-lasting eye contact with pets, which causes them to feel threatened and defensive.（新 西兰医学杂志报道说，许多儿童成为宠物狗攻击的受害者的一个原因是他们与宠物长时间的眼神接触， 这使宠物狗感到受到威胁，开始防御）”可知，下文告诉我们儿童与宠物长时间的眼神接触使宠物狗感到受 到威胁，并攻击儿童，F项”即使在人类和非人类之间，持续的目光接触有时也是不可取的”能够引起下文， 下文正是人类和非人类之间，持续的目光接触所带来的危害。故选F。【39题详解】根据上文 “In the case of people who try to lie to someone, they may distort （扭曲）their eye contact so that theyre not avoiding it.（如果有人试图对某人撒谎，他们可能会扭曲他们的眼神接触，以便他们不会避免眼神接触）” 可知，上文告诉我们有人试图撒谎时，会通过扭曲他们的眼神接触来掩饰心虚，A项“这是一个被广泛认 可的说谎标志”是对上文内容的总结，扭曲眼神接触是一个被广泛认可的说谎标志。故选A。【40题详解】 根据下文“when this energy could be spe