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1、2022-2023学年高2024届（上）期末考试英语试题第一卷（选择题部分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题L5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Where does the conversation probably take place?A. At a zoo.B. In a library.C. In a drugstore.【答案】B【解析】【原文
2、】 W: So you need some information on animal cells? Check the tall shelf and you may find what you want.M: Oh, I see. May I borrow one for a day or two?W: Sorry! The reference books are not for lending.2 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What will the man do next?A. Change some money.B. Take the food home.C. Sit an
3、d eat his meal.【答案】C【解析】【原文】 M: rd like a chicken roll, an order of fries and a chocolate shake.W: For here or to go?M: Fil eat here and heres 20 dollars.3 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the woman suggest?A. Buying a computer.B. Hiring an assistant.C. Starting a business.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M: I think we sho
4、uld replace that old computer.【25题详解】推理判断题。文章倒数第二段讲至II “But when you ask yourself: Would I give up having known him to make the pain go away? The answer is, of course, no.（但当你扪心自问：如果我知道他会痛苦的离开，我会放弃他吗？ 答案当然是不会）”以及最后一段讲到 “I think Scout was probably a once-in-a-lifetime dog.（我认为 Scout 可 能是一只一生只有一次的狗）”可
5、知作者并不后悔家里有Scout,尽管他很痛苦。故选D。【26题详解】推理判断题。文章最后一段 uScout, however your son turns out, well always remember you. In time, it won9t hurt so much, and well get by. It OK, buddy. You had to go.（斯考特，不管你儿子怎么样我们都会记住你的。到时候就不会那么痛苦，我们会挺过去的。没事的，伙计。你走吧。）”可知面对Scout的离开，作者是既 是悲伤的又是理解的，故选D。【27题详解】主旨大意题。主要讲述了作者心爱的宠物狗Sc
6、out的离开，这让作者非常的伤心。然而作者对于Scout的离 开是理解的，也会永远记得它。文章最后一段讲到“Scout, however your son turns out, well always remember you. （Scout,不管你儿子变成什么样子，我们都会永远记得你。）”可知文章的最佳标题是“Scout:你一直在 我心中”。故选C。CNow, people may feel it surprising that given rise to by technological advances, one growing nuisance（讨厌 的东西）,is the 6junk
7、 telephone call. Actually, without further human assistance, those calls are distributed by machines which can be programmed to dial numbers automatically. Once a number is reached, the machine delivers a prepared sales voice or even records the receivers response.The machine, which can call hundred
8、s of numbers during a regular business day, does present some problems. Certain of the devices, particularly the cheaper ones, do not disconnect if the person called chooses not to listen and hangs up.This has the potential to cause tragedy, as well as anger and inconvenience. Woman in the Midwest,
9、for example, attempted to call a doctor for her mother, who had just collapsed with what appeared to be a heart attack. The phone did not present a dial tone but a recorded sales voice, which would not stop even after the woman hung up the phone. Fortunately, a neighbors phone was usable, and help w
10、as in place in time.Certain models of the dialing devices can record orders for the product being sold. This has resulted in some bizarre situations. A family in Texas, for example, found that a $10,000 worth medicine was ordered by their healthy 75-year granny. Another family discovered that their
11、three-year-old child, who didnt know how to read, had subscribed to several adult magazines for which the parents were then being billed.Many people regard the junk telephone call to be even more offensive than junk mail which is usually possible to recognize and discard without opening or reading i
12、t. A phone call, however, cant be recognized as junk until it has been answered and at least a portion of the message heard. Some people have turned to the continuous use of answering machines on their home telephones while others find the answering machines equally objectionable as the junk calls.
13、In reference to all the facts, some kind of regulation of the nuisance should be in place.28. Who may apply ajunktelephone machine to call according to the first paragraph?A. Producers of junktelephone machines.B. Telephone companies greedy for money.C. Evil-hearted people doing that just for fun.D.
14、 Businesses promoting their items or services.29. What does the author want to present by giving the example of a woman in the Midwest?A. Nice neighbors are treasures in ones life.B Junk telephone machines are likely to do harm.C. Telephones may break down at some critical moment.D. Loads of phones
15、are disturbed by junk telephone calls.30. What does the underlined word bizarre in paragraph 4 mean?A. UnusualB. AccidentalC. AmusingD. Mysterious31. What is the authors intention of writing this passage according to the last paragraph?A. Appealing for the regulation of the junk phone call.B. Discus
16、sing the potential risks of technological advance.C. Showing how people feel annoyed at the junk telephone call.D. Displaying the troubles resulting from the junk telephone call.【答案】28.D29. B 30. A 31. A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了商家为推销他们的商品或服务时会使用“垃圾”电话为民众带来的悲剧， 愤怒和不便，同时呼吁对垃圾电话进行监管。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据首段最后两句Actu
17、ally, without further human assistance, those calls are distributed by machines which can be programmed to dial numbers automatically. Once a number is reached, the machine delivers a prepared sales voice or even records the receivers response.（实际上，无需人工协助，这些呼叫都是 由可以通过编程自动拨号的机器分配的。一旦接收到一个号码，机器就会发出准备好
18、的销售声音，甚至 记录下接收者的回应。）”可知，“垃圾”电话是机器模拟销售的声音打出的，商家推销他们的商品或服 务时会使用“垃圾”电话。故选D。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段第一二句 This has the potential to cause tragedy, as well as anger and inconvenience. Woman in the Midwest, for example, attempted to call a doctor for her mother, who had just collapsed with what appeared to be a
19、heart attack.（这有可能导致悲剧，以及愤怒和不便。例如，中西部的一 名妇女试图为她的母亲打电话给医生，她的母亲刚刚因心脏病发作而昏倒。）”可知，作者作者想通过举 一个中西部妇女的例子来说明垃圾电话机很可能导致悲剧，以及愤怒和不便。故选B。【30题详解】词义猜测题。根据第四段最后三句 This has resulted in some bizarre situations. A family in Texas, for example, found that a $ 10,000 worth medicine was ordered by their healthy 75-year
20、granny. Another family discovered that their three-year-old child, who didnt know how to read, had subscribed to several adult magazines for which the parents were then being billed.（这导致了一些 情况。例如，德克萨斯州的一个家庭发现，他们75岁的健康奶奶订购了价值1万美元的药品。另一个家庭发现，他们三岁的孩子不识字， 却订阅了几本成人杂志，而这些杂志当时正在向父母收费。）”可知，75岁的健康奶奶订购药品，三岁的
21、不识字的孩子订阅成人杂志，这些都是很奇怪的情况。故猜测划线单词词义应为“奇怪的，不寻常 的”。故选A。L31题详解】推理判断题。根据末段末句 “In reference to all the facts, some kind of regulation of the nuisance should be in place.（考虑到所有的事实，应该制定某种关于妨害的规定。）”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是呼吁对垃 圾电话进行监管。故选A。DIn Southeast Ohio, countless orange-stained streams are colored by the iron oxid
22、e（氧化铁）pollution from abandoned coal mines. Although rivers can be cleaned up by neutralizing the acidity of acid mine drainage（AMD）（?jr 山酸，性废水），its an expensive process. However, two professors at Ohio University have come up with a way to help with the clean-up by collecting the iron oxide from pol
23、luted rivers to make pigments（颜料）for artists.Coal was once an important part of Ohios economy, and the state produced approximately 2.35 billion tons from its underground mines between 1800 and 2010. But before 1977, when the US introduced the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act, mines that w
24、ere no longer needed were often simply abandoned. As a result, many of the mines have become polluters, with AMD affecting 1300 miles of Ohio streams.Guy Riefler and John Sabraw from Ohio University partnered to take their idea from an interesting little science project to something bigger. In 2018,
25、 alongside local non-profit Rural Action, they partnered with a paint company Gamblin to create a limited run of 500 oil paints. Named the Reclaimed Earth Colors set, the paints were popular among artists, allowing them to present an environmentally conscious aspect in their work. Through their soci
26、al enterprise, True Pigments, they are now putting their clean-up model to the test by building their first full-scale treatment facility.Once the treatment facility is operational, True Pigments aims to collect approximately 2 million pounds of iron oxide annually and clean up seven miles of stream
27、. A previous project that neutralized the acidity of stream water on the west branch of Sunday Creek saw 17 species of native fish return after two years. True Pigments is confident that its facility will lead to a similar outcome.True Pigments has received funding from the Ohio Department of Natura
28、l Resources (ODNR). By funding True Pigments, the ODNR hopes that the facility can help address an environmental issue and recover and improve water quality and provide jobs for the local community and create a supply of iron oxide for other uses.32. How do professors from Ohio University help clean
29、 polluted rivers?A. By removing plastic waste from streams.B. By reducing the acidity of polluted rivers.C. By making paints with the iron oxide from the rivers.D. By organizing people to join in the clean-up activities.33. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 2?A. Summarize the previous p
30、aragraph.B. Add some background information.C. Provide some advice for the readers.D. Introduce a new topic for discussion.34. What do we know about Guy Riefler and John Sabraws project?A. It is well received by artists.B. It saves the production cost of oil paints.C. It aims to introduce their clea
31、n-up model.D. It prevents factories from polluting rivers.35. What can be the best title for the text?A. Reclaiming Earth Pigments.B. Turning Waste into Treasure.C. Painting a Greener Future.D. Removing Iron Oxide for Rivers.【答案】32.C33. B 34. A 35. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了两位教授提出来一个计划，既能帮助清理被污染的河流又能
32、 从中提取氧化铁制作颜料。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段 “However, two professors at Ohio University have come up with a way to help with the clean-up by collecting the iron oxide from polluted rivers to make pigments（颜料）for artists.（然而， 俄亥 俄大学的两位教授提出了一种帮助清理的方法，他们从被污染的河流中收集氧化铁，为艺术家制作颜料。）” 可知，这两名教授是从河流中收集氧化铁制作颜料。故选C。【33题详解
33、】推理判断题。根据文章第二段Coal was once an important part of Ohios economy, and the state produced approximately 2.35 billion tons from its underground mines between 1800 and 2010. But before 1977, when the US introduced the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act, mines that were no longer needed were often
34、 simply abandoned. As a result, many of the mines have become polluters, with AMD affecting 1300 miles of Ohio streams.（煤炭曾是俄亥俄州经济的重要组成部分，1800年至2010年间，该州的地下煤矿产量约为23.5亿 吨。但在1977年美国出台地表采矿控制与复垦法案（Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act）之前， 不再需要的矿山往往会被直接废弃。结果，许多矿山变成了污染者，AMD影响了俄亥俄州1300英里的河 流。）”可推断，第二段
35、主要介绍了一些背景知识，告诉读者为什么会有这么多的河流被氧化铁所污染。故 选B。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段 “In 2018, alongside local non-profit Rural Action, they partnered with a paint company Gamblin to create a limited run of 500 oil paints. Named the Reclaimed Earth Colors set, the paints were popular among artists, allowing them to present
36、 an environmentally conscious aspect in their work.（2018 年， 他们与当地非营利组织“Rural Action”合作，与油漆公司Gamblin合作，限量生产了 500种油画颜料。这 款名为“再生大地颜色”的颜料在艺术家中很受欢迎，使他们在作品中表现出环保意识。）”可知，这款颜 料很受艺术家的欢迎。故选A。【35题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段 uHowever, two professors at Ohio University have come up with a way to help with the clean-up by c
37、ollecting the iron oxide from polluted rivers to make pigments（颜料）for artists.（然而， 俄亥 俄大学的两位教授提出了一种帮助清理的方法,他们从被污染的河流中收集氧化铁，为艺术家制作颜料 可知，两位教授提出了一种清流河流的方法是从中收集氧化铁制作颜料。再根据最后一段“By funding TruePigments, the ODNR hopes that the facility can help address an environmental issue and recover and improve water
38、quality and provide jobs for the local community and create a supply of iron oxide for other uses.（通过资助 True pigment, ODNR希望该设施能够帮助解决环境问题，恢复和改善水质，为当地社区提供就业机会，并为其 他用途提供氧化铁供应。）”可知，该项目使环境得到了改善。因此，本文主要讲述了从河流中提取氧化铁 制作颜料并使得环境更好。所以“Painting a Greener Future .（描绘绿色未来。）”作为文章标题最为合适。故 选C。第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.
39、5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。Top Performers Never Let a Second Go to WasteEvery person on the planet is given the same 1440 minutes each day; its how we choose to use them that makes all the difference. 36 To help you make the most of the time, check out these simple yet effective tip
40、s.Finish the most important tasks firstThis is calling Eating That Frog! 37 When you do that, everything else will be simple. By sticking to this method, you can ensure that you are always doing the most important things first and using your time as wisely as possible.Divide to make it manageableIf
41、you have a major task to get done, try to divide it up into smaller ones. This collection of smaller tasks will seem much less unmanageable than viewed as the whole.Take enough time to relax and reviveA little bit of relaxation is crucial for maintaining a positive, motivated mindset. If you work co
42、nstantly without taking the time to rest and gather your thoughts, youll quickly bum out and be unable to efficiently accomplish your tasks no matter how hard you try. One recommendation for relaxation time is work-out. 38Reward yourself once in a whileEach time you complete a task (or a significant
43、 portion of a task), reward yourself. 39 You can step outside and stretch, get a cookie from the box, check your phone. So long as your rewards dont start taking up too much of your time, they can be a powerful way for you to stay motivated.40Distractions contribute to procrastination (拖延症).Sometime
44、s, the only way to completely defeat procrastination is to lock yourself in a room and avoid all distractions. Put your phone in another room, pull the shades, and get to work until the task is finished.A. It just doesnt have to be anything major.B. Lock the door to stay focused and keep up.C. Stop
45、yourself from being lazy and take actions.D. Start every day by tackling your largest, scariest task first.E. Unfortunately, efficient time management can be challenging.F. You can begin with the tasks you feel important and interesting.G. Anyway, do whatever you find the most refreshing and peacefu
46、l.【答案】36. E 37. D 38. G 39. A 40. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了充分利用每天时间的建议。【36题详解】上文 “Every person on the planet is given the same 1440 minutes each day; its how we choose to use them that makes all the difference.（地球上的每个人每天都有相同的1440分钟；重要的是我们选择如何使用它 们。）讲的是如何使用时间。下文“To help you make the most of the time,
47、check out these simple yet effective tips.（为了帮助你充分利用时间，看看这些简单而有效的建议。）提到建议来帮助你充分利用时间。E 项 Unfortunately, efficient time management can be challenging.（不幸的是，有效的时间管理具有挑战性。） 起到承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。【37题详解】根据该段标题“Finish the most important tasks Erst”（先完成最重要的任务）提到完成最重要的任务。以 及下文When you do that, everything el
48、se will be simple.（当你这样做了，其他事情就简单了。）可推知 空格处内容为与该段标题内容以及下文相关。D项Start every day by tackling your largest, scariest task first.（每天从最艰巨、最可怕的任务开始。）符合此推断，与标题内容意思一致，下文内容是空格处的语意递 进。故选D项。【38题详解】由该空格处位于该段句尾可知，为总结该段内容或与上文内容相关。该段上文“ A little bit of relaxation is crucial for maintaining a positive, motivated mindset. If you work constantly without taking the time to rest and gather your thoughts, youll quickly bum out and be unable to efficiently accomplish your tasks no matter how hard you try. One recommendation for relaxation time is work-out.v（一点点放松对于保持积极、积极的心态 是至关重要的。如