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1、大学英语四级试练习卷一、阅读理解阅读理解（一）The United States is on the verge of losing its leading place in the worlds technology. So says more than one study in recent years. One of the reasons for this decline is the parallel decline in the number of U. S. scientists and engineers. Since 1976, employment of scientist
2、s and engineers is up 85 percent. This trend is expected to continue. However, the trend shows that the number of 22-year-olds一一the near term source of future PH. D. s-is declining. Further adding to the problem is the increased competition for these candidates from other fields-law, medicine, busin
3、ess,etC. While the number of U. S. PH. D.s in science and engineering declines, the award of PH. D. s to foreign nationals is increasing rapidly. Our inability to motivate students to pursue science and engineering careers at the graduate level is compounded because of the intense demand industry ha
4、s for bright Bachelors and Masters degree holders. Too often, promising PH.D. candidates, confronting the cost and financial sacrifice of pursuing their education, find the attraction of industry irresistible.1. The U. S. will come to lose its leading place in technology probably becauseA. the numbe
5、r of PH. D. degree holders is declining B. the number of scientistsand engineers is decreasingC. the number of 22-year-ilds is declining D. scientists and engineers are with,意为“首先，第一”，常用做插入语。19 .【答案】A谓语动词pause后，examine又是动词原形，所以这里应当选to, 可构成动词不定式，做目的状语。其余选项都是介词，不合题意。20 .【答案】C本句对全文进行总结概括，与文章的开头相呼应，Of t
6、he utmost importance is your attitude 故选 attitude.完型填空（二）1 .【答案】D因其后接形容词powerful作表语故应填系词。shown不是系词；been 和appeared虽可作系词但与句意不符；而proved可作系词，意为“证明是，符 合句意。2 .【答案】C根据意思判断，beyond意为“超出，超过”。3 .【答案】B因land on意为使着陆，而send, take和carry表示“把送到上去”时，常接介词to,故应选lan D.4 .【答案】A根据意思判断，travelers正确.5 .【答案】C原句是表示让步的状语从句，而且是一个
7、倒装句，故只能选C aso6 .【答案】D根据词的意思区分，invented（指发明）合乎题意。7 .【答案】D该句为which引导的定语从句，意为“中国发明火箭是在距今800多 年前。”句中谓语是一般过去时，故应选D. agOo8 .【答案】D根据句子意思判断，burned正确。9 .【答案】B change into是固定短语，“变成”的意思。10 .【答案】C根据句子意思判断，应选expanding gas膨胀的气体。11 .【答案】D through的意思为“穿过，通过”。12 .【答案】C faces意为“朝着”。13 .【答案】D transmit意为“传递”，disperse意为
8、“驱散，erect意为“直立，挺直”，radiate意为“辐射，向各方向伸展”，只有D最合题意。14 .【答案】D根据句子意思判断，应为push “推”。15 .【答案】C朝相反的方向，故选Co16 .【答案】B when引导的定语从句。17 .【答案】C根据句子意思判断，follow在这里是遵循的意思。18 .【答案】A根据句子意思判断，describe是“记载描述”的意思。19 .【答案】D for是“对于”的意思。20 .【答案】B根据上下文，只能用不定冠词an0三、翻译1. The film has been on for half an hour.2. The students sp
9、ent several days to finish this job.3. Thank you very much for telling me something about the good manners in Western countries.4. Can you tell me where we can have a good meal?5. He will start to teach English in China tomorrow.not employed2. The field of science and engineering is facing a competi
10、tion from.A. technology B. foreign nationals C. such fields as law, medicine and businessD. postgraduates3.Large-scale enterprises now need .A. bright graduates and postgraduates B. new inventions C. advanced technologyD. engineers4. Many promising postgraduates are unwilling to pursue a PH. D. degr
11、ee becauseA. they are not encouraged to be engaged in science B. industry does not require PH. D. holders C. they have financial difficulties D. they will spend much time and energy completing PH. D.5. PH. D. candidates find the attraction of industry irresistible means thatA. they find industry is
12、attracting more and more college studentsB. they dont think they can prevent themselves from working for industryC. they cannot resist any attraction from all sidesD. they cannot work for industry any longer 阅读理解（二）Flying over a desert area in an airplane, two scientists looked down with trained eye
13、s at trees and bushes. After an hour s flight one of the scientists wrote in his book, Look here for probable metaT Scientists in another airplane, flying over a mountain region, sent a message to other scientists on the ground, J Gold possible.J Walking across hilly ground, four scientistsreported,
14、J This ground should be searched for metals. J From an airplane over a hilly wasteland a scientist sent back by radio one word, Uranium. None of the scientists had X-ray eyes: they had no magic powers for looking down below the earths surface. They were merely putting to use one of the newest method
15、s of location minerals in the groundusing trees and plants as signs that certain minerals may lie beneath the ground on which the trees and plants are growing. This newest method of searching for minerals is based on the fact that minerals deep in the earth may affect the kind of bushes and trees th
16、at grow on the surface. At Watson Bar Creek, a brook six thousand feet high in the mountains of British Columbia, Canada, a mineral search group gathered bags of tree seeds. Boxed were filled with small banches from te trees. Roots were dug and put into boxes. Each bag and box was carefully markeD.
17、In a scientific laboratory the parts of the forest trees were burned to ashes and tested . Each small part was examined to learn whether there were minerals in it. Study of the roots , branches, and seeds showed no silver. But there were small amounts of gold in the roots and a little less gold in t
18、he branches and seeds. The seeds growing nearest to the tree trunk had more gold than those growing on the ends of the branches. If the trees had not indicated that there was gold in the ground, the scientists would not have spent money to pay for digging into the deeper. They did dig and found more
19、 fold below. They dug deeper. They found large quantities of gold.1 . Scientists were flying over a desert or hilly wasteland or a mountain region in order to search for in the ground.A.gold B.silver C. metals D. minerals2 .The study of trees,branches and roots indicates that.A. there were larger am
20、ounts of gold in the branches than in the seeds. B. there were small amounts of gold in the roots than in the branchesC. there were larger amounts of gold in the seeds growing nearest to the tree trunk than seeds growing on the ends of branches. D. there were more gold in the branches than in the ro
21、ots3 .Which is the best title ?A.Scientists searching for metals with sepcial power B. New methods of searching for minerals C. Gold could be found by trees and plants D. A new method of searching for mineralsusing trees and plants4 . Which of the following is not mentioned as part of a tree that ca
22、n help find minerals?A. leaves B.roots C. branches D.seeds5 .The scientists were searching for minerals by using .A.X-ray B. magic power C. a special instrument D. trained eyes 二、完型填空 完型填空(一)If you were to begin a new job tomorrow, you would bring with you some basic strengths andweaknesses. Success
23、 or (1) in your work would depend, to (2) great extent, (3) your ability to use yourstrengths and weaknesses to the best advantage. (4) the utmost importance is your attitude. A person (5)begins a job convinced that he isn t going to like it or is (6) that he is going to ail is exhibiting aweakness
24、which can only hinder his success. On the other hand, a person who is secure (7) his belief thathe is probably as capable (8) doing the work as anyone else and who is willing to make a cheerfulattempt (9) it possesses a certain strength of purpose. The chances are that he will do well. (10) the prer
25、equisite skills for a particular job is strength. Lacking those skills is obviously aweakness. A book-keeper who cant add or a carpenter who cant cut a straight line with a saw (11)hopeless cases. This book has been designed to help you capitalize (12) the strength and overcome the (13) that youbrin
26、g to the job of learning. But insgroupsto measure your development, you must first (14) - stock ofswheres you stand now. (15) - we get further along in the book, we 11 be (16) - in some detail withspecific processes for developing and strengthening (17) - skills. However, (18) - begin with, youshoul
27、d pause (19) - examine your present strengths and weaknesses in three areas that are critical toyour success or failure in school: your (20) -, your reading and communication skills, and your studyhabits.1. A. improvement B.victory C. failure D. achievement2. A. a B. the C. some D. certain3. A. in B
28、. on C. of D. to4. A. Out of B. Of C. To D. Into5. A. who B. what C. that D. which6. A. ensure B. certain C. sure D. surely7. A. onto B. on C. off D. in8. A. to B. at C. of D. for9. A. near B. on C. by D. at10. A. Have B. Had C. Having D. Had been11. A. being B. been C. are D. is12. A. except B. but
29、 C. for D. on13. A. idea B. weakness C. strength D. advantage14. A. make B. take C. do D. give15. A. as B. till C. over D. out16. A. deal B. dealt C. be dealt D. dealing17. A. learnt B.learned C. learning D. learn18. A. around B. to C. from D. beside19. A. to B. onto C. into D. with20. A. intelligen
30、ce B. work C. attitude D. weakness 完型填空（二）The rocket engine, with its steady roar like that of a waterfall or a thunderstorm, is an impressive symbol of the new space age. Rocket engines have 1 powerful enough to shoot astronauts 2 the earths gravitational pull and 3 them on the moon. We have now be
31、come 4 space. Impressive and complex 5 it may appear, the rocket, which was 6 in China over 800 years 7 , is a relatively simple device. Fuel that is 8 in the rocket engine changes 9 gas. The hot and rapidly 10 gas must escape, but it can do so only 11 an opening that 12 backwar D. As the gas is 13
32、with great force, it 14 the rocket in the 15 direction. Like the kick of a gun 16 it is fired, it 17 the laws of nature 18 by Sir Isaac Newton when he discovered that 19 every action, there is 20 equal and opposite reaction. ”1. A. shown B. been C. appeared D. proved2. A. against B. despite C. beyon
33、d D. from4. A. travelers B.astronauts C.researchers D.explorers5. A. that B. so C. as D. sometimes6. A. made B.discovered C. developed D. invented7. A. in advance B. before C. earlier D. ago8. A.round B. contained C. stored D.burned9. A. as B. into C. for D. the10. A. heating B. escaping C. expandin
34、g D.conducting11. A. in B. at C. by D. through12. A. turns B. goes C. faces D. directs13. A. transmitted B.dispersed C. erected D. radiated14. A. attracts B. leads C.pulls D.pushes15. A. same B.other C.opposite D. wrong16. A. that B. when C. if D. although17. A. states B.proves C. follows D.breaks18
35、. A.described B. discussed C.considered D. made19. A. like B. as C. with D. for20. A. no B. an C. another D. theCloze三、翻译1 .电影开演半小时了。汉译英：2 .同学们花了几天时间完成了这项工作。汉译英：.3 .感谢告诉我这么多有关西方礼节的事情。汉译英：4 .你能告诉我哪里有好的地方吃饭吗？汉译英：5 .他明年将开始在中国教英语。汉译英：参考答案：一、阅读理解：阅读理解（一）答案：BCADB阅读理解（二）答案:DCDAD二、完型填空：完型填空（一）1 .【答案】C本句的意思是
36、：“成功或失败在很大程度上取决于你是否能扬长避短。” improvement改进；victory胜利；achievement成果，成就。这三个词都不合题意， 只有C. failure “失败”最合适。2 .【答案】A to a great extent是固定短语，意思是“很大程度上“，符合题意。 类似的说法还有： to a large extent, to some extent, to an extent, to a certain extent, to that extent, to the extent of。the, some, certain 者K不能与 great extent 搭
37、配。3 .【答案】B on与前面的depend构成本句谓语。4 .【答案】B of与名词连用，表示具有某种性质，状态，做表语。置于句首，表示强 调。正常语序 为：Your attitude is of the utmost importance.5 .【答案】A A person后应当是定语从句，”开始工作的那个人”。6 .【答案】C本句的意思是“如果一个刚刚开始工作的人就深信自己不会喜欢或肯定 不适应这项 工作，那么阻碍他成功的缺点就暴露出来了。”or后面省略了主语he。ensure保证；certain肯定的（只能用于It做主语的句子里）；surely确实地； sure肯定的。7 .【答案】
38、D in one s belief相信。其它选项都不能与belief搭配。8 .【答案】C capable of doing是固定搭配，意为“能够干什么”。9 .【答案】D attempt用做名词，后接介词at,意为“试图，努力”；如果后面接 介词on,表示攻 击的意思。其他两项都不能与attempt搭配。10 .【答案】C本句的意思是“具有某一工作的必要技能是一个优势”此处应填句子 的主语，故选动名词havingo11 .【答案】D本句主语是A book-keeper or carpenter。根据主谓一致原则，其 谓语应当用单数is,而不是复数are。being, been都是分词，应该排
39、除。12 .【答案】D on与前面的capitalize搭配，表示“利用”。做不定式help的补 语。其它选项不能与capitalize搭配。13 .【答案】B本句的意思是“克服缺点”，应选weakness （缺点，弱点）。idea观点； strength 优点； advantage 优势。14 .【答案】B固定短语take stock of,意为“对估价，对作出判断”。15 .【答案】A本句的意思是：“随着更深入的阅读”，从语法角度，此处应填关联 词。四个选项中，只有as能用做关联词。16 .【答案】D选项A, B, C分别是deal （处理，论述，涉及）的原形，过去分词及 被动语态。根据 语法和语义，此处应填将来进行时，意思是“随着书中内容的进一 步深入，我们将详细论述发展和加强学习技能的具体过程。”17 .【答案】C根据上下文，这里应当指“学习技能”。18.【答案】B固定短语to begin