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1、衡阳市八中2022级高一第二学期开学考试英语满分150分第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题L5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅 读一遍。1. What does the man mean?A. He doesnt care. B. He is very satisfied. C. He is a little disappointed.2. How did the woman feel just now?A. Excited.
2、 B. Scared. C. Bored.3. Where does the woman want to go tonight?A. To the theater. B.To a restaurant. C.To the supermarket.4. What is the woman worried about?A. Missing her flight.B. Having a traffic accident.C. Being late for the football game.5. Why does the man want another credit card?A. To pay
3、for a car.B. To get a higher credit score.C. To buy more things he needs.第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或对白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项 中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小 题。每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6. What are the speakers probably?A. Journalists. B. Doctors. C. Te
4、achers.7. What are the speakers probably going to do there?A. Have a news making event.B. Buy some equipment.C. Go sightseeing.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8. When is the mans flight leaving?A. Next Friday. B. Next Sunday. C. Next Saturday.9. How much will the man have to pay for all tickets?A. $580, B. $1,160. C
5、. $1,740.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. When should students meet for the field trip?A. At 7:00 am. B. At 7:15 am. C. At 8:00 am.11. How will the boy probably get to school today?A. Take the bus.B. Take his moms car.D. The Ingenuity helicopter travelled between Mars and Earth.13. What can we learn about Mars,
6、 atmosphere?A. It can hardly provide a lift for Ingenuity to fly.B. Its not safe fbr Ingenuity to fly high and fast.C. Ifs too thin to keep Ingenuity stable in the air.D. It can only raise Ingenuity to a height of 100,000 feet.14. What can we know from Paragraph 3 to Paragraph 6?A. How Ingenuity per
7、formed during the flightB. Why Ingenuitys flight on Mars is a big dealC. How Ingenuity survived the tough conditions of MarsD. What contributed to the successful flight of Ingenuity15. Why did Michael Watkins mention Sojourner?A. To explain how its mission differs from Ingenuitys.B. To show technolo
8、gical progress in Mars exploration.C To stress the significance of Ingenuitys flight on Mars.D. To illustrate the impact of space exploration on future flight.【答案】12.B13. A 14. B 15. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了 “独创”号直升机首次在火星上飞行，以及其在在火星上飞行所 需要的技术的突破。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段 “It may not sound like a huge achi
9、evement, but it is. Ingenuitys flight is the first powered flight of an aircraft on another planet. It marks the milestone in the story of human space exploration.（这 听起来可能不是一个巨大的成就，但它是。这是飞行器在另一个星球上的首次机动飞行。它标志着人类太 空探索史上的一个里程碑。）”可知“独创”号直升机首次在火星上飞行。故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段 “But lift can only be generat
10、ed in the presence of some kind of atmosphere.While Mars does have an atmosphere, ifs much, much thinner than Earths-about 100 times thinner, in fact.（但是 升力只能在有某种大气存在的情况下产生。虽然火星确实有大气层，但它比地球要薄得多事实上，大 约是地球的 100 倍。）”以及文章第四段“Flying Ingenuity in Mars atmosphere is therefore the equivalent （对等物）of flying
11、a helicopter on Earth at a height of 100,000 feet. For reference, commercial aircraft fly between 30,000-40,000 feet above the Earths surface and the highest weve ever been in a helicopter on Earth is 42,000 feet.（因此，在火星大气层中进行飞行相当于在地球上10万英尺的高空驾驶一架直升机。作为参考，商用 飞机在地球表面上空3万4万英尺之间飞行，我们在地球上乘坐的最高直升机是4.2万英尺
12、。）”可知火 星大气层几乎不能为“独创”号直升机提供飞行的动力。故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段 “There are several technological challenges to conduct helicopter flight in another world. First, and more significantly, helicopters need an atmosphere to fly.（在另一个世界进行直升机飞行有几 个技术挑战。首先，更重要的是，直升机需要大气层才能飞行。）”；文章第四段“Flying Ingenuity in Mars atmo
13、sphere is therefore the equivalent （对等物）of flying a helicopter on Earth at a height of 100,000 feet.（在火星大气层飞行相当于在地球上10万英尺高空飞行的直升机。）”；文章第五段“Then theres the Martian gravity to consider.（然后还要考虑火星的重力。）”；以及第六段 “Even sending the signal for the flight to begin required a collection of advanced technology （
14、即使是发射信号让飞行开始也需要一套先进的技 术）”可知，文章第三段到第六段主要讲解的是为什么“独创”号在火星上的飞行是一件大事。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段 “Sojourners technical exposure in 1997 gave NASA the guarantee of future pilots. What the Ingenuity team has done has given us a new chance. I think thats the way we build the future.（1997年，“旅居者”的技术接触给了 NASA未来飞
15、行员的保障。“独创”号团队的工作给了我们一个新 的机会。我认为这就是我们创造未来的方式。）”可知，迈克尔沃特金斯提到“旅居者”是为了强调“独 创”号在火星上飞行的重要性。故选C。第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。House SittingIn many countries of the world people do what is called house sitting. It means that if owners of the house are going away, they wa
16、nt someone to come into their home and look after the house and maybe pets while they are away.In Australia, many people travel. After people retire, they might buy a van and travel all over the country.16So if someone wants to travel or go away for some reason, they might want someone in their home
17、 to care for it and keep the gardens tidy. House sitters might have to care for pets. Also, quite a few people have swimming pools in their back yard and they need cleaning. 17 I feel it is a great way of seeing the country, because you go and stay in a new city, get to meet new people, and have tim
18、e to go sightseeing in a new area.18 There are websites where you find the advertisements by people who want to travel, and by replying to the advertisement, you can make arrangements to go and look after their home.There are some requirements to be a house sitter. You must be a trusted person, so t
19、hat the home owner knows you will not steal anything. You must be able to go when the house owner wants you to go, so you need lots of free time. 19 You need to be good with pets, able to care for cats and dogs, or other pets they may have.Some house sitting jobs are just for a few days or a couple
20、of weeks while the house owners have a short holiday. Sometimes it is for much longer. We have had one house sit for six months, while the home owner travelled to Europe.20 Then you can travel to many different countries and stay there. One of the important things to get is references from the home
21、owners where you have stayed. A reference is a written letter to say that you are trustworthy and have looked after their home well. You can show these letters to possible house sitting jobs and they know you will do a good job.A. I have done house sitting many times.B. Thousands of people do this a
22、ll the time.C. It is also possible to do house sitting in other countries.D. Generally you have many opportunities to get a house sitting job.E. You must take a little care over what your description says about you.F. This is an international house sitting service for all city and country areas.G. Y
23、ou must have a good car, so you can travel to different parts of the country.【答案】16.B17.A18. D 19. G 20. C【解析】【分析】本文是说明文，介绍了国外有很多经常旅游的家庭，家里的宠物没法管啊，庭院需要打理，或者怕 被偷被盗什么的可以找个housesitting就是帮人看房子的，人们可以通过得到看房子工作节省旅游成本，并 到全世界旅行。【16题详解】考查上下文语境理解。根据上一句的提示，In Australia, many people travel. After people retire,
24、they might buy a van and travel all over the country.在澳大利亚有很多人旅游，应该是很多人都这样做。故B合适。【17题详解】考查上下文语境理解。A项说明作者经常这样做，下文描述的是作者对此做法的感受，故A合适。38题详解】考查上下文语境理解。选项中的many opportunities与下一句介绍的There are websites where you find the advertisements by people who want to travel,相对应，有很多机会可以从事看房工作，故选D。【19题详解】考查上下文语境理解。因为目
25、的是旅游，所以一辆好车是必备的，这样你可以很方便的去其他地方。故选G。【20题详解】考查上下文语境理解。由下文的you can travel to many different countries可知，此处讲去其他国家旅行也可 以用这种方式，故C项符合。【点睛】该类题型要求从短文后的七个选项中（均为完整的句子）选出五个能填入文章空处的最佳选项，主 要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。其命题形式深受英语四六级和考 研阅读多项选择题的影响，体现了新课标“用英语获取、处理和运用信息的能力；逐步获取用英语思维 的能力。的阅读学习和教学理念。该题型命题形式仍然具有客观题的特点
26、，又与完形填空具有异曲同工之 妙，只是选项少，以句子形式出现，考查目的和侧重点不完全相同而已。从考试说明对该题型命题目的的表述“主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的 理解和掌握。”可以得出以下判断：该题备选项可分为主旨概括句（文章整体内容）、过渡性句子（文章结 构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。其多余的两个干扰项也往往从这三方面进行设置，例如主旨 概括句或过于宽泛或以偏概全或偏离主题，过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构，注释性句子与上文脱节 等。分析篇章结构，把握全篇文脉是阅读填空题解题的关键，英语的语篇（discourse）通常是由句子和语段 （sentence gro
27、up）构成的，语段是句子和语篇之间的中间层次，句子虽然能够单独地表达相对完整的思想，但是它不能表达多方面的、比较复杂的思想，只有把几个句子结合为较大的言语片段，才能表达一个 相对独立的层意，所谓的“积句而成章，积章而成篇。”就是这个道理。分析文章的层次包含两种形式：一种是分析整篇文章的层次，也就是段落，另一种是分析每一个段落内部 的层次，也就是语篇层次。语篇与段落是有区别的，语段是篇章结构的中间层次，是由句子到篇的一种过渡形式，段落（paragraph） 是在某些语体（如记叙文、议论文）中比语段更大的意义单位，较小的段落可以只包括一个语段或一个句 子，一般来说，一个段落通常由几个语段构成。构成
28、语段的方式有两种，一是靠句际间意义的结合，二是 靠句际间的关联词，逻辑性插入语来连接，在分析语段层次时，可以借助句际间的连接词语作出判断，但 最主要的还是要真正体会句际间的意义关系，把握作者的思路，从语序上去发现断续点，理清层次，好文 章的层次非常清晰，只有层层入手，才能真正理解文章。其实，“七选五”跟传统题型完形填空有相似之处，只要考生选择的答案能够使行文连贯，符合英文的语法 以及习惯表达就行。另外，从该题型给出的选项中我们可以发现一些特点：该题型选项大致可分为主旨概 括句（文章整体内容）、过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。另外两个多余 的干扰项也可以通过这三个特点来
29、排除，例如主旨概括句要么过于宽泛要么以偏概全或偏离主题；过渡性 句子不能反映文章的行文结构；注释性句子与上文脱节等。一、先通读选项，理解句意，同时掌握选项特点并比较语义重心的异同。比如，通过阅读选项，有可能找 出跟其他选项表达完全不同意思的句子，这样的话我们就可以直接将该选项排除。二、再通读全文，了解大意并分析篇章结构，着重看空前空后。由于“七选五空出的是句子，而这些句子 与句子之间，必然有一种联系。因此，我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相 关性来确定这两个句子之间的关联性，从而选择正确的答案。如；【小题2】A考查上下文理解。A项说明 作者经常这样做，下文描述的是作者对
30、此做法的感受，故A合适。三、根据语境线索选择答案，注意抓住其关键词语。语境线索主要指反映上下文关系的衔接手段，如篇章结构、词语重现、逻辑、连接、指称、同构等。1 .篇章结构通常为总-分或总-分-总。2 .词语重现不是指词语的简单再现，而是指某个词语可能以不同的词类、性、数、格、时、体、态等形式 出现。如read, reading, readers,还可能以同义词或反义词的形式出现。【小题1】第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选项。My sales career w
31、as almost cut short by my parents. I was 11, a member of the Girl Scouts, and preparing to sell our first Thin Mints. Our goal was to sell at least 50 boxes each, which would make us qualified for the 21I considered knocking on strangers5 doors and hoping to win them over.But when I 22 my parents th
32、e permission paper to do this, they 23handed it back unsigned. Theythought it was 24 that their child would ask neighbors for 25, I defended my case: The26 want delicious cookies!Finally, they 27. and I hit the streets. Door after door, I found that the 28 basically sold itself and all I had to do w
33、as adding some extra charm with my silk ribbon. The Girl Scouts 29 me with a cup that30had a thumb printed yellow smiley face on it. I feltthat first adventure, what I see is a youngI went on to have a long career in sales. Now when I 31girl who instinctively 32 the most important thing about sellin
34、g. Ifs about33a service-itself as28. A 29. D 30. B 31.bringing them the things they want and need, so that, in the best of situations, any product 34A 32. C 33. D34. C 35. B21. A. candiesB. certificatesC. prizesD. designs22. A. showedB. handedC. instructedD. sent23. A. accidentallyB. obviouslyC. har
35、dlyD. immediately24. A. astonishingB. boringC. embarrassingD. confusing25. A. foodB. moneyC. supportD. service26. A. customersB. passengersC. listenersD. visitors27. A. disappearedB. agreedC. struggledD. continued28. A. productB. presentC. objectD. instrument29. A. associatedB. helpedC. chargedD. re
36、warded30. A. interestedB. recognizedC. confusedD. unprepared31. A. look back onB. keep up withC. get close toD. make up for32. A. doubtedB. noticedC. understoodD. remembered33. A. requiringB. expectingC.checkingD. providing34. A. createsB. replacesC. sellsD. reflects35. A. presentB. reminderC. surpr
37、iseD. secretwell as the cookies did. Thats why I still have that cup, which I keep as a35【答案】21.C22. B23. D 24. C25. B 26. A 27. B【解析】【导语本文是一篇记叙文。讲述作者小时候参加卖饼干的活动和父母产生了分歧，最终父母答应她去卖饼 干，她做得很好，得到了一个杯子作为奖励，觉得受到了认可。她认为销售是给顾客提供想要的和需要的东 西。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们的目标是每盒至少卖出50盒，这将使我们有资格获得奖品。A. candies糖 果；B. cert
38、ificates 证书;C. prizes 奖品;D. designs 设计。根据下文 “hoping to win them over” 可知,作者 希望赢得奖品。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:但是当我把同意书交给我的父母时，他们没有签字就立马把它还了回来。A. showed 展示;B. handed 递给；C. instructed 指导；D. sent 寄。根据下文 “they，handed it back unsigned.,可知， 作者递给了父母同意书去做这件事。故选B项。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是当我把同意书交给我的父母时，他们没有签字就立马把它还
39、了回来。A. accidentally 偶然地；B. obviously 明显地；C. hardly 几乎不；D. immediately 迅速地。根据后文 “They thought it was 4 that their child would ask neighbors for 5.”可知，作者的父母认为孩子向邻居要钱很尴尬， 他们不同意作者卖饼干，因此他们迅速地没签字就把同意书还给了作者。故选D项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们认为他们的孩子向邻居要钱是令人尴尬的。A. astonishing令人惊奇的；B. boring无聊的,令人厌烦的；C. embarrassing
40、令人尴尬的；D. confusing令人迷惑的。根据前文“they handed it back unsigned可知，作者父母之所以不同意那是因为作者的父母认为孩子向邻居要钱很尴尬。故 选C项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们认为他们的孩子向邻居要钱是令人尴尬的。A. food食物；B. money金钱； C. support 支持;C service 服务。根据前文 Our goal was to sell at least 50 boxes eachw可知，作者的父母 认为孩子向邻居要钱很尴尬。故选B项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我为自己辩护道：顾客想要美味的饼干！
41、 A. customers顾客；B. passengers乘 客；C. listeners 听者;D. visitors 游客。根据上文“preparing to sell my first Thin Mints.” 可知，作者把饼干 卖给顾客。故选A项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，他们同意了，我就上街了卖东西了。A. disappeared消失；B. agreed同意;C.struggled奋斗；D. continued继续。根据后文“I hit the streets.”可知，起初作者父母不同意她卖饼 干，经过作者请求，最后他们同意了。故选B项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨
42、析。句意：走了一家又一家，我发现产品基本上都卖得很好，我所要做的就是用我的丝带增 加一些额外的魅力。A. product产品；B. present礼物；C. object物体；D. instrument乐器；仪器。根据前文 want delicious cookies! v可知,作者卖的是饼干，也是产品。故选A项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：女童子军奖励我一个上面印着拇指的黄色笑脸的杯子。A. associated联系；B. helped 帮助；C. charged 指控；D. rewarded 奖励。根据前文 u basically sold itself and all I ha
43、d to do was adding some extra charm with my silk ribbon.可知,作者顺利卖完了产品，因此The Girl Scouts给了她奖励。故选D项。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我觉得得到了认可。A. interested感兴趣的；B.recognized被认可的；C. confused 迷惑的；D. unprepared 未准备的。根据上文 “The Girl Scouts 9me with a cup that had a thumb printed yellow smiley face on it.v可知，作者得到了一个上面印着竖起
44、大拇指的杯子，因此感觉得到了认 可。故选B项。【31题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在，当我回顾第一次冒险时，我看到的是一个年轻女孩，她本能地理解销售最 重要的事情。A. look back on回顾；B. keep up with赶上；C.get close to接近；D. make up for弥补。根据下 文 “ what I see is a young girl who instinctively 12 understood the most important thing about selling.,可知, 作者回顾第一次经历。故选A项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：现
45、在，当我回顾第一次冒险时，我看到的是一个年轻女孩，她本能地理解销售 最重要的事情。A. doubted怀疑；B. noticed注意；C.understood理解；D. remembered记住。根据后文“bringing them the things they want and need”可知，这个服务是带给顾客想要和需要的东西，这是作者从 销售中学到的东西，也是理解的道理。故选C项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它是关于提供一种服务一一带给他们想要和需要的东西，这样，在最好的情况 下，任何产品都可以像饼干一样销售。A. requiring要求；B. expecting期待；C.c
46、hecking检查;审查;D.providing提供，根据下文“bringing them the things they want and need”可知，销售是提供一种服务。故选D项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它是关于提供一种服务一一带给他们想要和需要的东西，这样，在最好的情况下， 任何产品都可以像饼干一样销售。A. creates创造；B. replaces代替；C.sells出售；D. reflects反映。根据后 文“the cookies did”可知，did指代sold,因此可推断产品也是出售。故选C项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么我还有那只杯子
47、，我把它作为一个提醒。A. present礼物；B.reminder 提醒物；C. surprise 惊喜;D. secret 秘密。根据前文 “Thats why I still have that cup” 可知，这个 杯子是作者因为第一次卖饼干的出色表现获得的奖品，这次经历让作者意识到给顾客带来他们想要和需要 的东西，因此这个杯子至今还保存着是作为一个提醒。故选B项。*第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(不多于3个词)或括号内单词正确形式填空。In recent years, many original Chinese childrens
48、novels and picture books, with moving stories and Chinese elements,36(reach)great heights in the international markets. Childrens books have clocked 7.3 million volumes,37(account) for 50.33 percent of all books exported.Three factors have 38(great) contributed to the 39(grow): the depth of the story,traditional Chinese elements and emotions of the charact