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1、Module2 前置语法课 一般现在时、现在进行时、一般将来时、一般过去时、现在完成时 时态 定义 谓语动词构成 标志词 例句 一般现在时 经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。am/is/are always,usually,often,sometimes,every week(day,year,m onth),once a week,on Sundays。They are very young.动词原形/第三人称单数 She usually goes shopping on Sundays.现在进行时 表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。am/is/are+doing now,a
2、t this time,these days,look,listen,can you see?Cant you see?之类的暗示语。She is writing a letter now.一般将来时 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态 will/shall+动词原形 tomorrow,next day(week,month,year),soon,in+一段时间,by,the day after tomorrow,this evening,tonight Students will use computers next term.表示打算、计划或准备做某事。am/is/are/going to+动
3、词原形 Im going to check my email this evening.一般过去时 过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。was/were ago,yesterday,the day before yesterday,last week(year,night,month),in 1989,just now,at the age of 5,one day,long long ago,once upon a time,this morning I was in Shanghai last year.动词的过去式 They swam in the sea y
4、esterday.现在完成时 过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开 She has never visited USA.始，持续到现在的动作或状态。用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空：1.Please be quick!Someone _(wait)for you in the office.2.Something bad _(happen)to them last week.3.-You were not in when I called you yesterday afternoon?-I _(shop)in the supermarket.4.I _(meet)a
5、friend of mine when I _(walk)along Nandajie Street last Sunday.5.-_(be)you at home at 9 oclock last night?-Yes.I _(take)a shower at that time.6.-Did you see a boy in blue pass by just now?-No,sir.I _(read)a newspaper.7.Don t go out!It is _(rain)hard.8.You _(return)the magazine to him in two weeks,ar
6、ent you?9.Why _(not go)you _(go)to school yesterday?10.There _(be)no hospitals here in the past.11.Look!What a good time they _(have)!12._ they _(take)any photos on the Great Wall yesterday?13.We have much work _(do)today.14.My mother often _(ask)me _(study)hard.15.Liu Mei with her friends _(boat)on
7、 the river when I _(see)them yesterday.16.-Can you _(come)to tomorrows party?-Sorry,I _(be)busy at work.17.What _ the weather _(be)like tomorrow?18.-What _you _(say)just now?-Oh,sorry,I _(think)something else.19.The plane _(leave)in ten minutes.20.Listen!The birds _(sing)!21.-Where s Mum?-Oh,she _(c
8、ook)in the kitchen.22.Let s ask him not _(talk)loudly.现在完成时 用动词 learn 的适当形式填空：I _ English every day.I _ English last term.I _ English now.I _ English next year.I _ English for three years.1.概念：数动词原形动词原形动词的过去式一般现在时现在进行时一般将来时一般过去时现在完成时经常反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态表示打算计划或成的影响或结
9、果或从过去已经开标志词之类的暗示语一段时间例句始持续到现在的动作或状态用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空现在完成时用动词的适当形式填空概念或时间点现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结视剧了你吃过午饭了吗是的我刚吃过说明现在饱了他刚从北京回来我以前从来没有乘飞机旅行过你去过上海吗我在北京住了年了从年起我就在这所学校注意地点表示曾经去过某地现人已返回地点表示人已去了某地人还未返回练习与现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果或者从过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态。2.时间状语：already,yet,just,never,ever,before,so far,once,twic
10、e 或 since+时间点，for+时间段etc.3.基本结构：_ 4.否定形式：_ 5.一般疑问句：_ eg.I have already watched the TV play.我已经看过这部电视剧了。-Have you had your lunch yet?你吃过午饭了吗？-Yes,I have.Ive just had it.是的，我刚吃过。（说明现在饱了）He has just come back from Beijing.他刚从北京回来。I have never traveled by plane before.我以前从来没有乘飞机旅行过。Have you ever been to
11、 Shanghai?你去过上海吗？I have lived in Beijing for 10 years.我在北京住了 10 年了。I have been in this school since 2010.从 2010 年起我就在这所学校。6.注意：1).have been to/have gone to have been to+地点 表示曾经去过某地，现人已返回。(once,twice.)have gone to+地点 表示人已去了某地，人还未返回。(where is sb?)eg.I ve been to many cities,but I ve never been to Shan
12、ghai.Where is Han Mei now?She has gone to Shanghai.She will be back in two days.练习：Fill in the blanks with“have/has been(to)”and“have/has gone(to)”:1.Mrs Brown isnt here,she _ the post office.2.BeiJing is his favourite city,he _ there many times.3.A:_ you _ Sydney?B:No,I _ there.4.A:Where _ you _ th
13、is morning?B:I _ town.5.A:What have you done this summer holiday?B:I _ a farm with my sister.6.Mr Smith _ Shanghai on business,hell be back next week 2).与时间段连用时，短暂性动词应改为相应的延续性动词。die-be dead come/go to-be at/in leave-be away from buy-have borrow/lend-keep open-be open close-be closed start/begin-be o
14、n join-be in/be a member of/be a soldier become be fall asleep-be asleep eg.误：She has died for ten years.正：She has been dead for ten years.误：Ive left this school for eight years.正：Ive been away from this school for eight years.误：He has borrowed my dictionary for two days.正：He has kept my dictionary
15、for two days.数动词原形动词原形动词的过去式一般现在时现在进行时一般将来时一般过去时现在完成时经常反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态表示打算计划或成的影响或结果或从过去已经开标志词之类的暗示语一段时间例句始持续到现在的动作或状态用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空现在完成时用动词的适当形式填空概念或时间点现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结视剧了你吃过午饭了吗是的我刚吃过说明现在饱了他刚从北京回来我以前从来没有乘飞机旅行过你去过上海吗我在北京住了年了从年起我就在这所学校注意地点表示曾经去过某地现人已返回地点
16、表示人已去了某地人还未返回练习与3).现在完成时的四种句型：A).主语+短暂性动词的过去式+时间+ago B).主语+have/has+延续性动词的过去分词+for./since.ago.C).Its+时间段+since+短暂性动词的过去式 D).时间段+has passed+since+短暂性动词的过去式 His grandfather died two years ago.His grandfather has _ _ for two years._two years _ his grandfather _.Two years _ _ _ his grandfather _.4).现在完成
17、时与一般过去时的区别 现在完成时与现在有关的时态，他侧重于过去的动作对现在造成的影响。而一般过去时侧重于表示过去的动作与现在无关，若询问该动作发生的具体的时间时，只能用一般现在时。Has he returned the library book?Yes,he has.When _ he _(return)it?He _(return)it yesterday afternoon.用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空：1.Hi,Tom.How long _ you _(be)in Qingzhou?2._ you ever_(visit)Hong Kong?3.He _(live)in China f
18、or nearly three years.4.I _ never_(eat)the hot dogs.5.I _(see)the film.I dont want to see it again.6.She _(be)a student for six years.7.So far we _(learn)about eight hundred English words.8.The children _(clean)the classroom already.9.I _(find)my ruler in my desk five minutes ago.10._ you ever _(eat
19、)spicy food?11.-How are you today?-Oh,I _(not feel)as well as I do now for a long time.书面表达：假期中你一定有很多有意义的经历吧，或者和朋友、家人去旅游过；或者参加过某个有意义的活动。请你简述一下假期中你认为有意义的一段经历。字数 70 词左右。I went to the Funyun Hill near my city in summer holiday.But I had never been there before.I went there with my friends by bike.First
20、 we climbed the hill.At about 11 oclock we got to the top.I could see the whole city from the top of the hill.It was so beautiful.At noon we had a picnic on the grass.In the afternoon we met some students from other schools.We played games together and they also told us interesting stories.We laughe
21、d and laughed happily.We had a great day.How brilliant!Ill never forget it.数动词原形动词原形动词的过去式一般现在时现在进行时一般将来时一般过去时现在完成时经常反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态表示打算计划或成的影响或结果或从过去已经开标志词之类的暗示语一段时间例句始持续到现在的动作或状态用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空现在完成时用动词的适当形式填空概念或时间点现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结视剧了你吃过午饭了吗是的我刚吃过说明现在饱了他刚从北京回来我以前从来没有乘飞机旅行过你去过上海吗我在北京住了年了从年起我就在这所学校注意地点表示曾经去过某地现人已返回地点表示人已去了某地人还未返回练习与