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1、 2023考研英语完型填空试题祝考研上岸文案推举度：领导发言完的感谢语推举度：安全生产试题推举度：考研加油的文案推举度： 2023考研英语完型填空精选试题 Aging poses a serious challenge to OECD(Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development)countries，in particular，how to pay for future public pension liabilities. And early retirement places an_1_burden on pension fin
2、ancing. There is no easy solution，but_2_retirement could help. Early retirement may seem like a worthy individual goal，but it is a socially_3_one，and makes the present public pension system difficult to sustain for long. The_4_reason is that more people are retiring early and living longer. That mea
3、ns more retirees depending on the_5_of those in work for their income. The_6_is worrying. In the next 50 years，low fertility rates and_7_life expectancy in OECD countries will cause this old-age dependency rate to roughly double_8_size. Public pension payments，which afford 30-80% of total retirement
4、 incomes in OECD countries，are_9_to rise，on average，by over three percentage points in GDP and by as much as eight percentage points in some countries._10_is the pressure on pension funds that there is a danger of todays workers not getting the pensions they expected or felt they_11_for. Action is n
5、eeded，_12_simply aiming to reduce the_13_(and cost)of public pensions，or trying to_14_the role of privately funded pensions within the system，though necessary steps，may be_15_to deal with the dependency challenge. After years of_16_early retirement schemes to avoid_17_and higher unemployment，many go
6、vernments are now looking_18_persuading people to stay in work until they are older. Surely，the thinking goes，if we are healthier now and jobs are physically less_19_and unemployment is down，then perhaps the_20_rate should rise anew. 1.A unsolvable B additional C unsustainable D undue 2.A delaying B
7、 retaining C detaining D hindering 3.A ultimate B unattainable C specific D expensive 4.A substantial B essential C potential D controversial 5.A donating B sponsoring C subsidizing D funding 6.A outlook B outcome C outbreak D outset 7.A prolonging B expanding C soaring D rising 8.A in B on C by D f
8、or 9.A conceived B reckoned C expected D meant 10.A As B Such C So D It 11.A should pay B paying C be paid D would pay 12.A but B for C and D thus 13.A multitude B implementation C application D generosity 14.A exaggerate B augment C magnify D multiply 15.A insufficient B influential C inefficient D
9、 intrinsic 16.A advancing B previous C ahead D preceding 17.A suspensions B abundances C redundancies D discrepancies 18.A for B to C about D at 19.A turbulent B strenuous C compact D intricate 20.A dependency B fertility C present D mortality 答案 1.C 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.D 6.A 7.D 8.A 9.C 10.B 11.C 12.A 13
10、.D 14.B 15.A 16.A 17.C 18.D 19.B 20.C 总体分析 本文主要争论了老龄化给经合组织国家现存养老体系带来的挑战。文章第一段指出老龄化给经合组织国家带来的挑战，并提出推迟退休可能对解决该问题有所帮忙。其次段分析了早退休给养老体系带来的问题，即越来越多的人早退休而寿命延长，随着诞生率的降低，就会有更多退休的人依靠更少工作的人来为他们养老，养老金在国家财政中所占的比例增加，成为无法承受的负担。第三段探讨了解决方法，指出仅仅削减公共养老金的数量，增加私有养老的比例是不够的，很多政府在考虑说服人们晚退休。 全文翻译 老龄化给经合组织国家，尤其是在如何支付将来的公共养老金负
11、债方面，带来了严峻的挑战。早退休给退休金的融资带来了难以承受的负担。没有什么简洁的解决方案，但推迟退休(年龄)可能有所帮忙。 早退休可能看起来是个值得追求的”个人目标，但对于社会来说却是昂贵的，它使当前的公共养老金系统难以长久。根本缘由是更多的人退休早而寿命却更长。这意味着更多的退休人员要依靠在职者的资助作为收入。这一前景是令人担忧的。将来50年，经合组织国家的低诞生率和预期寿命的增加将使这一老年依靠率提高大约一倍。占经合组织国家全部退休收入30%-80%的公共退休金的支出，在国内生产总值中的比例预期将平均增加超过三个百分点，而在有些国家甚至会增加八个百分点。养老基金的压力如此之大以至于现在的工人有得不到他们预期或认为应当得到的养老金的危急。 行动是必需的，但仅仅试图削减公共养老金的大方度或增加系统内私有养老金的作用，尽管是必要的，但在应对这种依靠挑战方面仍是不够的。前些年为了避开下岗及高失业，政府实行提前早退休的方案，而现在很多政府正考虑劝告人们晚点退休。固然，他们是这么想的，假如现在我们更加安康了、工作对体力的要求降低了、失业率也降低了，那么(工作)出席率可能也该重新上升了。