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1、2022-2023学年度高三年级第一学期期末考试英语学科第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题,每小题1分，满分15分）1. I think the amusement park is really a good place for entertainment. I havent had so much fun fbr a long time.A. By no meansB. That really mattersC. Out of the questionD. You can say that again【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情景交际。句意：一我认为
2、游乐园是一个娱乐的好地方。一你说得对。我很久 没这么开心过了。A. By no means 决不；B. That really matters 那真的很重要；C. Out of the question 不可能：D. You can say that again 你说的一点没错。根据后文I havent had so much fun for a long time. ”可知，是赞同前文的观点。故选D项。2. Experts have pointed out that the of severe punishment plays a major role in the growingfood
3、safety problem.A. absenceB. presenceC. existenceD.evidence【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：专家指出，没有严厉的惩罚是导致食品安全问题日益严 重的主要原因。A. absence缺失：B. presence出席：C. existence存在：D. evidence证明。由 语意可知，食品安全问题的口益严重在很大程度上是因为：严厉惩罚的缺失（absence）o故 选A项。3. Professor Smith will come here to give a speech. All the preparations must
4、be before 5o,clock.A. in timeB. in sightC. in placeD. incontrol【答案】C针斤】【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：斯密斯教授将要来这里做一个演讲，在5点之前所有的 准备工作都要准备就绪。A. in time及时,迟早;B. in sight在视野之内;C. in place在合适 的地方;适合；准备就绪;D. in control在控制中。根据二文“AH the preparations musi be” 指准备工作准备就绪，故选C,4. There are over 50,000 signs in modern Chinese bu
5、t luckily, Chinese children learn all ofA. It provides various courses for dancers of all ages.B. Its teachers can give professional training to learners.C. It provides summer and winter camps for dance lovers.D. It only focuses on developing dancers5 professional dancing skills.38. After taking par
6、t in the trial class of Melody Music Studios, you.A. must pay fbr ilB. must take the coursesC. can call off the class at any time freeD. have right to decide whether to continue39. Who will probably go to My Gym of My Brentwood?A. Tom, a 6-month old boy, was born with a weak heart.B. Mark, a 12-year
7、-old student, wants to get stronger.C. Tony, a 31 -year-old teacher, likes to build up his body.D. John, a 65-year-old retired man, wants to kill his spare time.40. This passage most likely comes from.A. an advertisementB. an art show reviewC. an exhibition guideD. a school announcement【答案】36. C 37.
8、 B 38. D 39. B 40. A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了4种在业余时间学习新东西的选择。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题AR Workshop下的段落中“AR Workshop will help you take your home decoration to the next level and have fun while creating it!（AR 匚作坊将帮助您将您的家 居装饰提升到一个新的水平，并在创造它的同时获得乐趣!）”可知，如果玛丽想让她的新家 更漂亮，AR Workshop最适合她。故选C项。【37题详解】推理判断题。根据小标题 Artist
9、ic Elements Dance 下的段落中Our experienced teachers all well-trained are willing to share the love of dance with each student who walks through our doors and ensure our dancers train safely in a positive environment!我们经验丰富的老师都受过良好 的训练，愿意与每一个走进我们大门的学生分享对舞蹈的热爱，并确保我们的舞者在一个积 极的环境中安全训练）”可推知，Artistic Elements
10、 Dance中的老师们都很专业，可以给学员 提供专业的指导。故选B项。【38题详解】推理判断题。根据小标题 Melody Music Studios 下的段落中“Theres a grace period of three business days to cancel after the trial lesson , and if youre not satisfied, its FREE!（试课后有三 个工作日的宽限期可以取消，如果您不满意，免费!）”可推知，客户自己有权决定是否继续。 故选D项。【39题详解】推理判断题。根据小标题 My Gym of Brenlwoo 卜的段落中 “Il
11、 has good programs and facilities designed to help children 6 weeks through 13 years of age develop physically and mentally. Our structured, age-appropriate, weekly classes include music dance, games, special rides, gymnastics, sports and more.（它有良好的项目和设施，旨在帮助6周到13岁的儿童.身心发展。我们的结 构化、适龄的每周课程包括音乐，舞蹈，游戏
12、，特殊的骑乘，体操，运动等）”可推知，这 个健身房为6周到13岁的身体健康的儿童提供健身服务。所以B项“Mark, a 12-year-old student, wants to get stronger.（马克是一名12岁的学生，他想变得更强壮）”符合标准，他会 去 My Gym of My Brentwood。故选 B 项。【40题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段If you want to learn something new in your spare time, there are some choices for you.（如果你想在业余时间学习新东西，这里有一些选择）”以及各小标题
13、下都有 电话号码和官方网址，所以这篇文章很可能来自广告。故选A项。BIn 2018, the state of California was on fire. Alexandria Villasenor, who was 13 at the time, witnessed the destruction of Northern Californias Camp Fire, which would go on to burn more than 150,000 acres of land. Villasenor was scared. Thats when I found out how imp
14、ortant climate education was,“ she reflected. And just how much we lacked climate education these past couple of years.”Villasenor now 15, is determined to have a bigxer conversation.She quickly realized thefight requires inlernational. govemment-level changes. For her, what started as local concern
15、 lurned into a year-long protest in front of the United Nations5 New York City headquarters and a global campaign for more compulsory climate education. She sal on a bench in front of the headquarters, pleading for the worlds leaders to take climate change seriously.Her action received national atte
16、ntion, with millions of other students around the world joining in the movement. uIfs completely unacceptable to not learn anything about our planet and our environment in school, after all the young people would inherit“ the Earth. Villasenor said, Thats why i think that climate education is so imp
17、ortant, and thats why I fbcus a lot on it now.”Right now, Villasenor is working with the Biden-Harris administration on its climate plan, which has promised to center the needs of young people and communities most impacted by climate change. She even spoke at the 2020 Democratic National Convention.
18、 That was definitely a huge moment when I realized that people were listening to the voices of me and youth climate activists,“ Villasenor said.When she isnt connecting with her fellow youth activists or holding elected officials accountable to the climate concerns of their young voters, Villasenor
19、is like most other teens. My favorite thing to do, of course, is sleep? she said. like to read a lot. I like fantasy books, normally. I also like to write.”41. What made Villasenor realize the lack of climate education?A. The state of California.B. The fire disasters in America.C. 150,000 acres of l
20、and scaring her.D. The severe Camp fire in California.42. What does the underlined part have a bigger conversation mean?A. lb talk with more local people to change their mind.B. To convey her belief loudly to more global students.C. To call on local people to fight with the leaders.D. lb protest to
21、leaders at home and abroad to make changes.43. Wc can infer from the passage that.A. Villasenor turned her original appeal into a lasting and widespread oneB. Villasenor thinks the worlds leaders have taken climate change seriouslyC. Millions of students around the world are joining in the movementD
22、. Young people should do more things for the earth so as to inherit it44. Which of the following facts gives Villasenor a sense of achievement?A. That she is working with the Biden-Harris administration on Its climate plan.B. That her and other youth climate activists opinions caught peoples attenti
23、on.C. That she can sleep and read in her spare time.D. That more schools have set up climate courses.45. What is this passage mainly about?A. The 15-year-old activist fighting for better climate education.B. Climate education deserves everyones attention around the world.C. A young girl and her clim
24、ate education.D. Young activists make (heir voices heard.【答案】41. D 42. D 43. A 44. B 45. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了 15岁的Alexandria Villasenoi因为加利福尼亚严 重的营火，意识到如今气候教育的缺乏。她通过长达一年的抗议活动，向国内外领导人提出 抗议，要求做出改变，她的行动引起了全国的关注，世界各地数百万其他学生加入了这项运 动。目前，Villasenor正在与Biden-Harris政府合作制定气候计划，该计划承诺将把受气候变 化影响最严重的年轻人和社区的需求放
25、在中心。41题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中 “Alexandria Villasenor, who was 13 at the time, witnessed the destruction of Northern Californias Camp Fire, which would go on to bum more than 150.000 acres of land. Villasenor was scared. Thats when I found out how iinportant climate education was,“ she reflected. llAnd just
26、 how much wc lacked climate education these past couple of years.”(当时 13 岁的Alexandria Villasenor目睹了北加州营火的毁灭,这场大火将烧毁超过15万英亩的土地。 Villasenor很害怕，她反思道：“那时我才发现气候教育有多么重要，以及过去几年我们有 多缺乏气候教育。“）”可知，是加利福尼亚严重的营火让Villasenor意识到气候教育的缺乏。 故选D。【42题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段中“She quickly realized the fight requires international,
27、govemment-level changes. For her, what started as local concern turned into a year-long protest in front of the United Nations New York City headquarters and a global campaign for more compulsory climate education. She sat on a bench in front of the headquarters, pleading for the worlds leaders to t
28、ake climate change seriously.（她很快意识到，这场斗争需要国际社会和政府 层面的变革。对她来说，一开始只是当地的担忧，后来演变成了在联合国纽约总部门前长达 一年的抗议活动，以及一场要求更多气候义务教育的全球运动。她坐在总部大楼前的长凳上， 呼吁世界各国领导人认真对待气候变化问题）”可知，15岁的Villasenor决定向国内外领导 人提出抗议,要求做出改变，即划线部分意思是“向国内外领导人提出抗议，要求做出改变”。 故选D。【43题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“ For her, wha（ started as local concern turned into
29、a year-long protest in front of the United Nations New York City headquarters and a global campaign for more compulsory climate education.（对她来说，开始只是当地的担忧，后来演变成了在联合国纽 约总部门前长达一年的抗议活动，以及一场要求更多气候义务教育的全球运动）”以及第三 段中“ Her action received national attention, with millions of other students around the world
30、joining in the movement.（她的行动引起了全国的关注，世界各地数百万其他学生加入了这项 运动）”可推知，Villasenor把她最初的吸引力变成了持久和广泛的吸引力。故选A。【44题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数笫二段中 “That was definitely a huge moment when I realized that people were listening to the voices of me and youth climate activists,M Villasenor said.（ “ 当我意 识 到人们在倾听我和青年气候活动家的声音时，那绝对是一个
31、重大时刻， Villasenor说）”可 知，Villasenor和其他青年气候活动家的观点引起了人们的注意，这给了 Villasenor一种成就 感。故选B。【45题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段中 “Right now, Villasenor is working with the Biden-Harris administration on its climate plan, which has promised to center the needs of young people and communities most impacted by climate change. She
32、even spoke at the 2020 Democratic National Convention4目前，Villasenor正在与Biden-Harris政府合作制定气候计划，该计划承诺将以 受气候变化影响最严重的年轻人和社区的需求为中心。她甚至在2020年民主党全国代表大 会上发言）”及对15岁的Alexandria Villasenor的奋斗过程的介绍，可知，这篇文章主要讲述 了这位15岁的活动家为更好的气候教育而奋斗的故事。故选A。CHow many times has this happeped to you: You arrive at work, knowing that
33、 you have a big important project/report/phone call/etc. to take care of. Youre not looking fbrward to it, fbr whatever reason, so you decide to just check your email first. And then, after reading and responding to emails, you decide youd better clean out and organize your inbox （收件箱）.And while doi
34、ng that, you find a bunch of interesting links to look at online.And before you know it, it?s time fbr lunch, and you havent even looked at that important thing you needed to do. Its human nature that wc often overlook or dont deal with the things wc dont like, or that are difficult. This applies to
35、 everything from having a difficult conversation with a coworker to getting a check-up at （he dentist. We procrastinate （拖延）or find other more exciting things to do. In fact, were really good at avoiding those things we dont want to do. But the secret is that the people who just buckle down （倾全力）and
36、 get them done, end up being more successful in the long run.Psychologists tell us that we procrastinate because it actually feels really good; were generally avoiding risk and doing things （hat are more fun or pleasurable. That means the procrastination gives us a little psychological reward when m
37、aking that uncomfortable phone call just doesnt. And it turns out that, in general, procrastination isnt a time-management problem; its a problem of self-regulation something we in the West tend to have a big problem with.Luckily, you can practice self-regulation, even if its not one of your best sk
38、ills. Mark Twain once said, 44Eat a live frog first thing in the morning, and nothing worse will happen to you the rest of your day. Author Brian Tracy took this to mean: do the thing you want to do the least first, and the rest of your day will be easier. Its a really good idea to deal with the thi
39、ngs you hate first in the morning.A great way to make this a habit is to give yourself a reward after completing the onerous task. Maybe you tie your morning coffee break to completing your worst task of the day; you dont get to stop fbr a cup of coffee until youre done. It can also help to identify
40、 the task the night before, so you dont waste time wondering what you should be doing.46. What does a person usually do first when getting to the office?A. Check emails in the inbox.B. Deal with urgent tasks.C. Make a to-do list for the day.D. Visit interesting websites.47. What does mankind tend to
41、 do?A. Try our best to succeed.B. Get along well with colleagues.C. Ignore things we dislike.D. Overcome difficulties.48. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?A. Why we do things that are more fun.B. Why we put oflwhat we know were supposed to do.C. Why we need a psychelogical reward.D. Why we ha
42、ve a big problem with self-regulation.49. What does Mark Twain suggest by saying “eat a live frog first thingA. Keeping fit by eating fresh meat.B. Solving the things you hate first.C. Solving the things you enjoy first.D. Having a good breakfast daily.50. Which of （he following has the closest mean
43、ing to the underlined word “onerous”?A. Daily.B. Demanding.C. Easiest.D.Immediate.【答案】46. A 47. C 48. B 49. B 50. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了拖延症产生的原因，以及解决的办法。【46题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“How many times has （his happeped to you: You arrive at work, knowing that you have a big important project/report/phone call
44、/etc. to take care of. Youre not looking forward to it, for whatever reason, so you decide to just check your email first.（这种情况 在你身上发生过多少次了：你到达工作地点，知道你有一个重要的项目/报告/电话等要处理。 不管出于什么原因，你并不期待它，所以你决定先查看邮件）”可知，一个人到达办公室后 通常首先检查收件箱中的邮件。故选A项。【47题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中Its human nature that we often overlook or dont de
45、al with the things we dont like, or that are difficult.（我们经常忽视或不处理我们不喜欢或困难的事情，这 是人类的本性）”可知，我们倾向于忽略我们不喜欢的东西。故选C项。【48题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Psychologists tell us that we procrastinate because it actually feels really good; were generally avoiding risk and doing things that arc more fiin or pleasurable. That
46、means the procrastination gives us a little psychological reward when making that uncomfortable phone call just doesnt. And it turns out that, in general, procrastination isnt a time-management problem; its a problem of selfregulation something we in the West tend to have a big problem with.（心理学家告诉我
47、们，我们拖延是因为它实际上感觉很好；我们通常会避免风险，做一 些更有趣或愉快的事情。这意味着，当我们打那个不舒服的电话时，拖延会给我们一点心理 奖励。事实证明，一般来说，拖延症并不是时间管理的问题；这是一个自我调节的问题一 这是我们西方人往往存在的一个大问题）“可知，第三段主要介绍了为什么我们要推迟我们 应该做的事。故选B项。【49题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中 “ Mark Twain once said, uEat a live frog first thing in the morning, and nothing worse will happen to you the rest
48、 of your day/Author Brian Tracy took this to mean: do the thing you want to do the least first, and the rest of your day will be easier.（马 克吐温曾经说过：“早上第一件事就是吃一只活青蛙，那么接下来的一天就不会发生更糟 糕的事情了。”作家布莱恩特雷西认为这句话的意思是：先做你最不想做的事，接卜.来的 一天就会更轻松）”可知，马克吐温说“第一件事就是吃一只活青蛙”是先解决你讨厌的事 情之意。故B项。【5（）题详解】词句猜测题。根据最后一段中划线词的后一句Maybe you （ie your morning coffee break （o completing your worst task of the day; you dont get to stop fbr a cup of coffee until youre done.（也许你把早上喝咖啡的时间和完成一天中最糟糕的任务联系起来：在你完成之前，你 不能停下来喝杯咖啡）”可知，此处。nerous task指的就是最糟糕的任务，再根据第