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1、荆州中学2021级高二期末考试英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）1. What did the woman do last night?A. She looked after her mother. B. She prepared for a report. C. She went to a concert.2. Why did the man leave the company?A. He didnt like the office manager.B. He wasnt satisfied with the salary.C. He
2、didnt enjoy the working environment.3. What does the woman mean?A. She doesnt want to go to Europe.B. They may not have enough money for the trip.C. Her time is a little tight for the trip.4. What does the woman ask the boy to do?A. Make some orange juice. B. Have a rest on the bed. C. Go to see a d
3、octor now.5. Where does the conversation most probably take place?A. At a clothing shop. B. At a tailors shop. C. At a barbers shop.第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分）请听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What does the man think of painting?A. Hard. B. Tiring. C. Enjoyable.7. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. The m
4、ans hobby. B. An art class. C. A painting.请听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8. Where is the woman now?A. In the U.K. B. In China. C. In France.9. What did the woman do in France?A. She sold clothes. B. She worked as a manager. C. She taught children English.10. What will the man do next week?A. Work abroad. B. Reply
5、 to the woman. C. Set up a branch office.请听第8段材料，回答第U至13题。11. What does the man want to buy?A. Beds. B. Chairs. C. Tables.12. Why doesnt the man like the white one?loneliness issues （随着疫情exacerbating孤独问题）”故其中划线词汇应为“使更严重”的意 思，选项C 使变得更糟糕”与之意义最为接近。故选C。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中 Perissinotto 所说“If your solitud
6、e （独处）is a choice and you have people who can support you if you need help, there is no saying you cant live a happy life.（如果 你选择独处，当你需要帮助的时候有人会支持你，没有人说你就不能过上快乐的生活）”可 知，Perissinotto认为选择独处的人不一定会感到不快乐。故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中 “Hawkley divides connections into three primary types and holds that loneli
7、ness can stem from the sensing of a lack of any of them. （Hawkley 将联系分为三 种主要类型，并认为孤独可能源于感觉缺少某种联系）”以及最后一段中It is suggested that one identify what kind of loss of connection his loneliness is coming from and then evaluate the quality of his various relationships.（建议一个人确定他的孤独来自于什么样的联系缺失，然后 评估他的各种关系的质量）”
8、等可知，认识到自己缺失的联系有助于应对孤独。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段 u During the most worldwide pandemic （流行病）in a century, its time to take a closer look at what may result in loneliness. 6tA common belief is that the loneliest people are those who are alone; actually, its important to separate the two. said Dr. Perissin
9、otto, a professor at the University of California. Kids with their families can be lonely because they cant see the friends at school; people who are not physically isolated can feel lonely because the community doesnt welcome them in; and older adults can experience loneliness through death of a lo
10、ved one. What leads to loneliness is much deeper than being alone.（在4、世名已以来最全球f生 的疫情期间，是时候仔细看看可能导致孤独的原因了。“人们普遍认为，最孤独的人是那些 独身的人；事实上，把两者分开很重要。加州大学教授佩里斯诺托说。”和家人在一起的孩 子可能会感到孤独，因为他们在学校看不到朋友；那些没有被隔离的人会感到孤独，因为社 区不欢迎他们加入；老年人会因为爱人的去世而感到孤独。”导致孤独的原因比独自一人更 深）”结合文章强调了在疫情期间对于孤独的研究的重要性，并介绍了研究结果，提出了应 对建议。可知，这篇文章主耍讲
11、的是孤独的原因和应对方法。故选A。第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有 两项为多余选项。If youve ever been bitten by a mosquito, you know how frustrating their bites can be.16. creating an itch （痒）that seems to get worse once you start scratching （挠）.Why doesa mosquito bite itch and what can we do?Why
12、does a mosquito bite itch?When a mosquito bites you, it pierces the skin using a special mouthpart to suck up blood and injects saliva （口垂液）into your skin. Mosquitoes7 saliva has lots of proteins in it, some of which ourbody recognizes as foreign, and our immune cells take action to fight them. 17.
13、Itsactually the bodys response to the foreign mosquito protein it is trying to fight.What helps resist the urge to scratch?“Dont scratch, is the advice that most experts and health professionals give. As hard and sometimes unrealistic as it can sound, scratching inflames （发炎）the skin, and the inflam
14、mation makes the skin itch more. 18 J warned Daniel Markowski, technical adviser for theAmerican Mosquito Control Association, adding that in extreme cases, people can scar （留疤痕） themselves.Instead, there are dozens of creams and sprays that promise itch relief as well as home remedy （疗法）.Choose wha
15、fs right fbr you can be trial and error. In general, all of the various anti-itch creams are very similar. There is no scientific evidence that these remedies work, and they can come with their own precautions or side effects. 19.20Some people can have serious allergic reactions to mosquitoes, altho
16、ugh in practice it is rare, Vosshall said. If you experience severe symptoms such as breathing trouble, you should seek medical attention immediately.A. In fact, the best remedy to fight the itch is to prevent a bite in the first place.B. Its not the bite that causes the itch.C. What to do with a mo
17、squito bite?D. When to seek medical attention?E. The more you scratch, the more they itch.F. The little red bumps swell up （肿起来）almost immediatelyG. Scratching can cause secondary infections, thus delaying the recovery.【答案】16. F 17. B 18. G 19. A 20. D【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了蚊子叮咬后为什么会感到瘙痒及如何缓解这种感觉。 【1
18、6题详解】根据下文 “creating an itch （痒）that seems to get worse once you start scratching （一旦你开始抓 挠，就会产生一种似乎更严重的瘙痒）”可知，下文告诉我们如果我们抓挠蚊子叮咬的地方, 会造成更严重的瘙痒，F项意为“红色的小肿块几乎立即肿起来”，选项能够引起下文，蚊 子叮咬造成的红色的小肿块儿乎立即肿起来，然后一旦你开始抓挠，就会产生一种似乎更严 重的瘙痒。故选F。【17题详解】根据下文 “Its actually the bodys response to the foreign mosquito protein i
19、t is trying to fight.（这 实际上是身体对它尽力与之战斗的外来蚊子蛋白的反应。）”可知，下文告诉我们瘙痒实际 上是身体与外来蚊子蛋白战斗时的反应，B项意为“不是叮咬造成了瘙痒。”选项能够引起 下文，不是叮咬本身造成了瘙痒，瘙痒实际上是身体与外来蚊子蛋白战斗时的反应。故选B。【18题详解】根据上文 “As hard and sometimes unrealistic as it can sound, scratching inflames （发炎）the skin, and the inflammation makes the skin itch more.（听起来很难，有时
20、也不现实，抓挠会使皮肤发 炎，而且这种炎症会使皮肤更痒。）”可知，上文告诉我们抓挠会使皮肤发炎，这种炎症会 使皮肤更痒，G项意为“抓伤会导致继发感染，从而延缓康复。”选项能够承接上文，介绍 的都是抓挠造成的危害，会使皮肤发炎，导致继发感染，从而延缓康复。故选G。【19题详解】根据上文 u There is no scientific evidence that these remedies work, and they can come with their own precautions or side effects.（没有科学证据表明这些疗法有效，而且它们可能有自己的预 防措施或副作用。
21、）”可知，上文告诉我们很多对抗瘙痒的疗法实际上没有用，并且存在副 作用，A项意为“事实上，对抗瘙痒的最佳疗法是从一开始就防止咬伤。”选项能够承接上 文，很多对抗瘙痒的疗法实际上没有用，事实上，对抗瘙痒的最佳疗法是从一开始就防止咬 伤。故选A。【20题详解】根据下文 “If you experience severe symptoms such as breathing trouble, you should seek medical attention immediately.（如果你出现呼吸困难等严重症状，应立即就医。）”可知，本段内容告 诉我们什么时候需要立即就医，D项意为“何时就医？ ”
22、选项能够概括段落主旨，何时就 医？如果你出现呼吸困难等严重症状，应立即就医。故选D。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节供15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的 最佳选项。Last Saturday evening, Mike, who has autism （自 I田症），attended a concert with his grandfather, Stephen Mattin at Boston Symphony Hall. As the orchestra （交响乐队）21playing, they expec
23、ted to hear polite applause after a brief 22.The music was over and there was no sound, but it suddenly was 23 by the Wow! heard around the hall. A childs 24 expressed simple, refreshing amazement at the performance. The elder Mattin felt 25 and turned to people around them, 26 that Mike actually di
24、d not 27 to make noise and that he has autism and often expresses himself 28 from other people.The moment 29 the orchestra so that they released the audio recording of the “Wow!”moment, hoping to30the child. Not long after the audio clip (片 段)hit the Internet, itbecame extremely31,getting thousands
25、of shares across several platforms. Later,David Snead, the president and CEO of the orchestra, gave out his email address, wishing to get a (n)32from the parents of the child and33them to meet the musician HarryChristophers. It took less than a week for the kid to come forward. His family and the or
26、chestraplanned to34a date for him to meet the musician.Mattin expressed his35thatthesociety has become more tolerant andunderstanding of the differences between people.21. A. practiced22. A. accountB. consideredC. finished23. A. surrounded24. A. message25. A. annoyed embarrassedB. appearanceB. guide
27、dB. voiceB. astonishedC. statementC. followedC. opinionC. disappointedD. delayedD. silenceD. warnedD. attitudeD.26. A. explaining supposing27. A. pretend28. A. casually29. A. touchedB. suggestingC. promisingD.B. meanC. decideD. learnB. vividlyB. puzzledC. differentlyC.annoyedD. safelyD.frustrated30.
28、 A. blameB. findC. defend31. A. special32. A. commentB. useful33. A. allowB. agreementB. remindC. importantC. suggestionC. invite34. A. arrange advocateB. delayC. provideD.adoptD. popularD. requestD. requireD.35. A. satisfactionB. confidence【答案】2LC 22. D 23. C 24. BC. regret25. D 26. A 27. BD. thank
29、s28. C 29. A35. D30. B 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了马丁和自己患有自闭症的孙子迈克去看交响乐队演出, 演出结束后，迈克不合时宜的发出惊叹声，得知迈克患有自闭症后，乐队没有生气，反而被 感动了，邀请迈克与音乐家见面，这样的善举让马丁感动。21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当交响乐队演奏完毕时，他们期望在短暂的沉默后听到礼貌的掌 声。A. practiced 练习；B. considered 考虑；C.Enished 完成；D. delayed 延迟。根据句中 “they expected to hear poli
30、te applause可知，交响乐队应该是在完成演奏后，才会期待观众的掌声。 故选C项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当交响乐队演奏完毕时，他们期望在短暂的沉默后听到礼貌的掌 声。A. account 账户;B. appearance 外貌；C statement 陈述；D. silence 沉默。根据句中 “they expected to hear polite applause” 和下文 “The music was over and there was no sound可知， 交响乐队完成演奏后，现场会有短暂的沉默，随即爆发出礼貌的掌声。故选D项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析
31、。句意：音乐结束了，没有声音，但随后突然在大厅里响起了 “哇！ ”的 声音。A.surrounded围绕；B. guided指导；C. followed （指时间或顺序）在后发生，跟随；D. warned 警告。根据句中 uThe music was over and there was no soundv可知，音乐结束 后，起初没有声音，但随后突然响起了 “哇！ ”的声音，“followed”意为“（指时间或顺 序）在后发生，跟随，符合语境。故选C项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个孩子的声音表达了对表演的简单、令人耳目一新的惊讶。A. message信息；B. voice 嗓音，
32、说话声；C. opinion 意见;D. attitude 态度。根据上文 “Wow!” 可知，音乐结束后，孩子发出了 “哇！ ”的声音，由此可知，句中指孩子的声音表达了对表 演的惊讶。故选B项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：年长的马丁感到尴尬，转身向周围的人解释说，迈克其实并不 想制造噪音，他患有自闭症，经常表现得与其他人不同。A. annoyed恼怒的；B. astonished 惊讶的；C. disappointed 失望的；D. embarrassed 尴尬的。根据上文 “it suddenly was 3by theWow!heard around the hall”可知,
33、安静的大厅里突然响起了孩子“哇！ ”的声音, 由此可知，这是不礼貌的行为，所以马丁感到尴尬。故选D项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：年长的马丁感到尴尬，转身向周围的人解释说，迈克其实并不想 制造噪音，他患有自闭症，经常表现得与其他人不同。A. explaining解释；B. suggesting建 议；C. promising 承诺；D. supposing 假设。木艮据句中he has autism and often expresses himself 8_from other peoplev可知，马丁告诉周围的人迈克患有自闭症，所以表现得与其他人不同，由此可知，他在对迈克不礼貌的
34、行为进行解释。故选A项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：年长的马丁感到尴尬，转身向周围的人解释说，迈克其实并不想 制造噪音，他患有自闭症，经常表现得与其他人不同。A. pretend假装；B. mean本意是，意 欲；C. decide 决定；欲 learn 学习。根据句中 ahe has autism and often expresses himself_8 from other people可知，马丁告诉周围的人迈克患有自闭症，所以才会有这样的行为，他 其实并不想制造噪音，mean to do sth/意为“本意是想要做某事”，符合语境。故选B 项。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。
35、句意：年长的马丁感到尴尬，转身向周围的人解释说，迈克其实并不想 制造噪音，他患有自闭症，经常表现得与其他人不同。A. casually偶然地；B. vividly生动地; C. differently不同地；D.safely安全地。根据句中“he has autism”可知，迈克患有自闭症， 由此可知，患有自闭症的孩子经常表现得与其他人不同，所以才会发出“哇！ ”的声音。故 选C项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一刻感动了交响乐队，因此他们发布了 “哇！ ”这一刻的录音, 希望能找到那个孩子。A. touched感动；B. puzzled迷惑;C. annoyed使恼怒；D. fru
36、strated 使沮丧。根据下文 “His family and the orchestra planned to _14 a date for him to meet the musician.可知，交响乐队想给迈克一个见音乐家的机会，由此可知，迈克的行为感动了交 响乐队，所以才想给他机会。故选A项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一刻感动了交响乐队，因此他们发布了 “哇！ ”这一刻的录音, 希望能找到那个孩子。A. blame责备;B. find找到；C.defend防御,保卫;D.adopt采用。 根据下文 “His family and the orchestra planne
37、d to _14 a date for him to meet the musician.” 可知，交响乐队想给迈克一个见音乐家的机会，由此可知，他们希望能找到那个孩子，所以 发布了 “哇！ ”这一刻的录音。故选B项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这段音频片段在互联网上传播不久后，就变得非常流行，在多 个平台被分享了成千上万次。A. special特殊的；B. useful有用的；C.important重要的；D. popular 受欢迎的，流行的。根据句中 getting thousands of shares across several platforms v可 知，音频片段在
38、多个平台被分享了成千上万次，由此可知，音频片段变得非常流行。故选D 项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，乐团主席兼首席执行官大卫斯内德给出了他的电子邮件 地址，希望得到孩子父母的同意，邀请他们见见音乐家哈里克里斯托弗斯。A. comment 评论；B. agreement 同意；C suggestion 建议；D. request 请求。根据句中 “13 them to meetthe musician Harry Christophers可知，乐团主席想邀请孩子见音乐家，应该首先得到孩子父 母的同意。故选B项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，乐团主席兼首席执行官大卫斯
39、内德给出了他的电子邮件 地址，希望得到孩子父母的同意，邀请他们见见音乐家哈里克里斯托弗斯。A. allow允许; B. remind 提醒；C. invite 邀请；D. require 要求。根据下文 “His family and the orchestra planned to 14_ a date for him to meet the musician.”可知，交响乐队想给迈克一个见音乐家的机 会，由此可知，乐团主席想要邀请他们见见音乐家。故选C项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的家人和交响乐队计划为他安排一个与音乐家见面的日期。A. arrange 安排；B. delay
40、 延迟；C. provide 提供；D. advocate 提倡。根据上文“13_them to meet the musician Harry Christophers,可知，乐团主席想要邀请他们见见音乐家，由此可 知，他们会为他安排一个与音乐家见面的日期。故选A项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：马丁对社会变得更加宽容和理解人与人之间的差异表示感谢。A. satisfaction 满意;B. confidence 信任;C. regret 后悔；D. thanks 感谢。根据句中 uthe society has become more tolerant and understand
41、ing of the differences between people ” 可知，社会对自 闭症患者更加宽容和理解，由此可知，作为自闭症患者的家人，马丁对此表示感谢。故选D 项。第二节(共10小题；每小题L5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。With the wide spread of the deadly CO VID-19, the healthcare workers have been working day and night to take care of the 36 (infect) patients. Here are th
42、e details about International Nurses Day.International Nurses Day 37(celebrate) first in 1965 to honour the nurses all over theworld for their 38 (commit) to medical health and service, 39 (urge) people to show care and respect towards nurses.The day also commemorates Florence Nightingales birth - t
43、he woman 40 is widely regarded as the founder of modem nursing. Florence Nightingale was born on May 12th, 1820, and served 41 a trainer of nurses during the Crimean War. During the War, she 42 (manage) to care for wounded soldiers at Constantinople. Her contributions gave nursing a favorable reputa
44、tion and she became a symbol of Victorian culture, 43 (especial) as “The Lady with the Lamp”, because of the touching fact 44 she usually visited wounded soldiers at night. She was also regarded as 45 English reformerof modern nursing. Later, she won the Royal Red Cross award in 1883 and Order of Me
45、rit award in 1907.【答案】36. infected37. was celebrated38. commitment39. urging 40. who#that41. as 42. managed43. especially44. that 45. an【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了国际护士节的来历。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情的广泛传播，医护人员夜以继日地照顾 感染患者。名词patients与infect之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词形式作定语。故填infectedo【37题详解】考查时态语态。句意：国际护士节于1965年首
46、次庆祝，以表彰世界各地的护士对医疗健康 和服务的承诺，敦促人们对护士表示关心和尊重。根据句中时间状语in 1965可知，用一般 过去时。主语International Nurses Day与celebrate之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填 was celebrated o【38题详解】考查名词。句意：国际护士节于1965年首次庆祝，以表彰世界各地的护士对医疗健康和服 务的贡献，敦促人们对护士表示关心和尊重。形容词性物主代词their后接名词形式，且为不 可数名词， 故填commitmento【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：国际护士节于1965年首次庆祝，以表彰世界各地的护士对医疗健
47、康和服务的贡献，敦促人们对护士表示关心和尊重。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词 形式。逻辑主语与urge之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作结果状语。故填urging。【40题详解】考查定语从句。句意：这一天也是为了纪念弗洛伦斯南丁格尔的诞生，她被广泛认为是现 代护理学的奠基人。句中先行词为the woman,在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who 或that引导。故填who/thato【41题详解】考查介词。句意：弗洛伦斯南丁格尔生于1820年5月12日，在克里米亚战争期间担任护 士培训师。serve as担任。故填as。【42题详解】考查时态。句意：战争期间，她设法在君士坦丁堡照顾受伤的士
48、兵。根据时间状语During the War可知，用一般过去时。故填managed。【43题详解】考查副词。句意：她的贡献使护理工作获得了良好的声誉，她成为了维多利亚文化的象征, 尤其是“拿灯的女人”，因为她经常在晚上看望受伤的士兵。句中用副词作状语，修饰介词 短语。故填especially。【44题详解】考查名词性从句。句意：她的贡献使护理工作获得了良好的声誉，她成为了维多利亚文化的 象征，尤其是“拿灯的女人”，因为她经常在晚上看望受伤的士兵。本句为同位语从句，解 释说明名词fact。从句不缺少成分且句意完整，所以用连接代词that引导。故填that。【45题详解】考查冠词。句意：她也被认为是英国现代护理的改革家。名词reformer为可数名词，泛指， 且Eng