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1、广州市第七十五中学2022学年第一学期高一年级期末测试英语试卷考试时长：120分钟满分：150分第一部分阅读（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共10小题;每小题3分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。The no-mow （不害ij草）movement is catching peoples attention, and fve joined it after having the luck to see how beautiful a natural meadow （草土也）can be.Several years ago, I moved to a t
2、iny town in Oregon. When we pulled up to the house where we would be staying, I took one look at what I saw as the overgrown grass. The sea of grass took my breath away. This is going to be a huge job,“ I thought to myself.I grew up in New York. My grandfather taught me how to mow our lawn （草坪）when
3、I was 8 years old. And I took care of that lawn until I left for college. Later, I bought my own house in Connecticut, and the house came with a small lawn. By then I had been writing for Audubon magazine and had learned how pointless lawns were. I wanted to build a butterfly garden and plant some p
4、lants. I was sick of mowing. But I kept the lawn, as I was concerned about the future resale value of a house without a back lawn.Once I had spent several weeks getting used to Oregon life, learning the local culture and finally settling down, I realized the meadow that surrounded my new home wasnt
5、an untidy lawn, but one of the local types of ecosystems. And in my first weeks enjoying my new favorite place in the world, I was pleased with the huge amount of life the meadow supported.There are lots of insects, but that only means lots of healthy food for the songbirds that I now share my home
6、with. Because of the birds, many insects are eaten, so Fve not had any insect problems. Contrary to what many people expect from high grasses, Ive found that I have fewer harmful insects, because it is a balanced system. There are butterflies, vegetables and beautiful wildflowers. The meadow is neve
7、r the same. It changes from week to week because its a living system.1. How did the author feel when she first arrived at the new house in Oregon?A. TiredB. EmbarrassedC. ShockedD. Interested2. How was the authors life in Oregon?A. She started enjoying the natural grass there.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：孩子们太吵了，太活跃
8、了，车厢内的整个气氛瞬间改变了。A. happy快乐的；B.cute可爱的；C.noisy吵闹的；D. funny滑稽的。根据“active”可知，孩子们太吵了。故选C项。【19题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子们太吵了，太活跃了，车厢内的整个气氛瞬间改变了。A.mood情绪，气氛;B. view 观点；C. condition 条件；D. position 位置。根据上文“It was a calm, peaceful scene.” 以及“The children were so 3 and active”可知，车厢内的整个气氛瞬间改变了。故选A项。【20题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意
9、：那个人坐在我旁边，闭上眼睛，显然没有意识到这一切。A. unaware无意识的； B.sure确定的；C. proud自豪的；D.afraid害怕的。根据上文“closed his eyes”可知，男人显然没有意识到 这一切。故选A项。21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子们大喊大叫，扔东西，但坐在我旁边的那个人什么也没做。Areading读；B.folding 折叠；C. throwing 扔;D. drawing 画画。根据上文 “The children were yelling” 以及 “things” 可知， 孩子们大喊大叫，扔东西。故选C项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句
10、意:很难不感到愤怒。A. worried担忧的;B. angry生气的；C.discouraged事气馁 的；D. ashamed 害羞的。根据上文 “The children were yelling and 6 things, and yet, the man sittingnext to me did nothing.”可知，很难不感到愤怒。故选B项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我真不敢相信，他竟然让孩子们那样狂奔，而且一点责任都没有。A. expecting 期望；B. guiding 指导；C. warning 警告；D. allowing 允许。根据上文 the man
11、sitting next to me did nothing.可知，我真不敢相信，他竟然让孩子们那样狂奔。故选D项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我真不敢相信，他竟然让孩子们那样狂奔，而且一点责任都没有。A.risks冒险;B. notes 便条；C. effect 影响；D. responsibility 责任。根据上文 couldn believe that he was 8 hischildren to run wild 1汰e that”可知，作者认为男人很不负责任。故选D项。25题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：很容易看出，地铁上的每个人都感到恼火。A. anyone任何人；B
12、.someone一些 人；C. nobody 没有人；D. everyone 每个人。根据下文 “Sir, your children are really 11 a lot of people.v 可知，地铁上的其他人都感到恼火。故选D项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我转向他说：“先生，你的孩子打扰到其他人了。A. supporting支持；B.embarrassing 使尴尬；C. disturbing 打扰；D. attracting 吸弓|。根据上文“The children were yelling and 6 things”以及ufelt annoyedv可知，男人
13、的孩子打扰到其他人了。故选C项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:你能控制一下他们吗。A. notice注意;B. control控制;C. comfort安慰;D. encourage 鼓励。根据上文“Soflnally, Iturnedtohim”可知，作者让男人管管自己的孩子，控制一下他们的行为。故选 B项。28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那人抬起眼睛，轻声说道：“哦，你说得对。A. right正确的；B. wrong错误的; C. unlucky不幸运的;D. crazy疯狂的。根据下文I guess I should do something about it.v可知，男人
14、认为作 者所得对。故选A项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们刚从医院回来，他们的母亲大约一小时前去世了。A. returned返回；B. worked 工作；C.stayed待着；D. died死。根据下文“Your wife just died?”可知，男人的妻子去世了。故选D项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不知道该怎么想，他们也不知道该如何处理这种情况。A. understand理解；B. describe描述；C.handle处理；D. deny否认。根据上文“I don,t know what to think”可知，孩子们也不 知道该如何处理这种情况。故选C项。
15、【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:你能想象我当时的感觉吗？ A. express表达；B. predict预测；C. imagine想象；D. remember记得。根据下文uhow I felt at that momentn可知，你能想象我当时的感觉吗？故选C项。 【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我的愤怒消失了。A. lost丢失；B. gone走了； C.done做；D.deepened加深。 根据上文男人的陈述以及“Suddenly, I saw things differently”可知，作者愤怒消失了。的故选B项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的内心充满了那个男
16、人的痛苦。A. pain痛苦；B. joy快乐；C.courage勇气； D.faith信仰。失去亲人是痛苦的，作者感同身受。故选A项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，我的内心没有沮丧，而是充满了同情。A. bitterness苦难；B.trust相信； C.freedom自由；D. sympathy同情。根据上文“Now, instead of frustration ”可知,作者的内心没有沮丧, 而是充满了同情。故选D项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一一切都在一瞬间改变了。A.restored恢复；B.changed改变；C.settled解决；D. ended结束。
17、根据上文“changed”可知，一切都在一瞬间改变了。故选B项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Do you know the place Jinli? Its a street 36 (lie) in Chengdu, Sichuan. The street has a long history and is rich 37 traditional Chinese culture.The street is about 550 meters long. You can see some ancient-style
18、 38 (building) along the well-known street. Years ago, Jinli 39 (view) as the National Top Ten City Commercial Pedestrian Street (商业步行街)Each year, a large number of travelers come to the street to enjoy 40 (they), especially during the Spring Festival.There are many restaurants 41 special snacks are
19、 offered. In this street, youll be attracted by local snacks, which will make your mouth water. One well-known local snack is San Da Pao, which is made of rice, brown sugar, and so on. Some other 42 (equal) attractive local snacks provided in Jinli include boiled dumplings. All of them are delicious
20、 and are waiting for you 43 (taste).In addition to the delicious snacks, there are many other 44 (impress) attractions in Jinli. If you have time, pay 45 visit to this street and have fun.【答案】36. lying37. in 38. buildings39. was viewed40. themselves41. where 42. equally43. to taste44. impressive45.
21、a【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了成都商业步行街锦里。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这是一条位于四川成都的街道。分析句子可知，(lie) in Chengdu, Sichuan”作后置 定语修饰名词street, lie是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语street之间是主动关系，应用现在分词表主动。故填 lyingo【37题详解】考查介词。句意：这条街历史悠久，蕴含着丰富的中国传统文化。be rich in是固定短语，意为“富于； 富有:故填in。【38题详解】考查名词。句意：沿着这条著名的街道，你可以看到一些古建筑。分析句子可知，可数名词building在句中 作宾语，结合空格前so
22、me可知，应用复数名词。故填buildings。【39题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：不久前，锦里被评为“全国十佳城市商业步行街”。分析句子可知，view（看待） 是句中谓语动词，与主语Jinli之间是被动关系，句中有时间状语Years ago,应使用一般过去时态，又因主 语Jinli是专有名词，单数概念，谓语动词也应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用一般过去时的被动语态，单 数形式。故填was viewed。【40题详解】考查代词。句意：每年，尤其是在春节期间，都会有大量的游客来到这条街上玩得尽兴。enjoy oneself是固 定搭配，意为“过得快乐；玩得尽兴”，用反身代词作宾语，故填thems
23、elves。41题详解】考查定语从句。句意：有很多餐馆提供特别的小吃。分析句子可知，空格处为限制性定语从句，修饰先行 词restaurants,关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，表示“在这些餐馆”，应使用关系副词where 引导该从句。故填where。【42题详解】考查副词。句意：锦里还有一些同样吸引人的当地小吃，包括水饺。根据句意，提示词修饰形容词attractive, 应用副词equally,作状语，意为“同样地”。故填equally。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们都很美味，等着你去品尝。wait for sb.to do是固定搭配，意为“等某人做二 用不定式作宾语补足语。
24、故填to tasteo【44题详解】考查形容词。句意：除了美味的小吃，锦里还有许多其他令人印象深刻的景点。根据句意，提示词修饰名 词attractions,应用形容词impressive,作定语，意为“给人印象深刻的。故填impressive。【45题详解】考查冠词。句意：如果你有时间，去这条街逛逛，玩得开心点。pay a visit to是固定短语，意为“访问，参 观”。故填a。第三部分基础知识（共三节，满分30分）第一节阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。（共10 小题;每小题1分,满分10分）46. These physical exercises a
25、re designed to（增强）your body.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】strengthen【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：这些体育锻炼是为了强健你的身体。根据前面的to可知，横线上需填一个动词, 构成动词不定式表目的，strengthen 增强，加强”符合题意。故填strengthen。1.1 1 always（提醒）myself of the danger Tibetan antelopes are in.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】remind【解析】【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：我经常提醒自己藏羚羊处于危险之中。根据汉语提示“提醒”， 以及分析句子结构，可知
26、此处应该用动词做谓语；再根据主语I和从句中动词are,可知，时态用一般现在 时。故填remind。48. There are a（多种多样）of ways of cooking Chinese dishes.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】variety【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：中国菜的烹调方法多种多样。根据汉语提示“多种多样”可知短语为a variety of。 故填 variety o49. People should be（有意识的）of the importance of protecting cultural relics.（根据汉语提示单词 拼写）【答案】aware【解析】【
27、详解】考查形容词。句意：人们应该意识到保护自然遗迹的重要性。根据句子结构及汉语提示，此处应 填形容词aware,作表语。构成短语be aware of,表示“意识到”,故答案为aware。50. Her voice was shaking（尽管）all her efforts to control 让（根据汉语提示拼写）【答案】despite【解析】【详解】考查介词。句意：尽管她竭力控制自己的声音，但声音还是在颤抖。结合汉语提示可知，介词despite 符合题意。故填despite。51. She made an（尝试）and passed her driving test at the fi
28、rst.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】attempt【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：她做了一次尝试，第一次就通过了驾驶考试。结合句子结构和汉语提示可知， 名词attempt符合题意，冠词an提示用其单数形式。故填attempt。52. They have driven the rhino to the edge of（灭绝）.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】extinction【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：他们把犀牛逼到了灭绝的边缘。分析句意可知，此处需要使用名词extinction表 示“灭绝”,在句中作宾语。故填extinction。53. Two（毕业生）establish a ne
29、w scholarship to support international students in particular.（根据汉语提 示单词拼写）【答案】graduates【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：两名毕业生设立了一项新的奖学金，特别支持国际学生。根据汉语提示可知应 填名词graduate,作主语，由two修饰应用复数形式。故填graduates。54. We are planning to（探索）the old part of the town.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】explore【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：我们计划去城里的老城区探险。根据汉语提示可知应填动词expl
30、ore,且上文为 短语 plan to do sth.o 故填 exploreo55. He is a very （流利的）speaker who always communicates his points well.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】fluent【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：他说话很流利，总是能很好地表达自己的观点根据汉语提示可知应填形容词 fluent,作定语。故填fluent。第二节（共5小题:每小题2分,满分10分）选择正确的短语填空，注意短语的正确形式。sign up for, date back to, be addicted to, even if, make
31、 a difference, make sense, due to56. You wont make any progress in study if you games.1.1 1 would like to the volunteer activity next week.58. Evening classes were cancelled heavy snow59. Tve tried asking him, but his explanations dont.59.1 know she thinks that this vase is some great antique, but I
32、 doubt it more than 30 years.【答案】56. are addicted to57. sign up for58. due to 59. make a difference60. dates back to【解析】【56题详解】考查动词短语。句意：如果你沉迷于游戏，你在学习上不会取得任何进步。根据句意可知，此处为动词短 语be addicted to “沉迷于”，结合该句为if引导的条件状语从句，符合主将从现原则，所以从句动词应为一 般现在时。故填are addicted too57题详解】考查动词短语。句意：我想报名参加下周的志愿者活动。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语
33、sign up for 报名”, 结合空前to为不定式符号，接动词原形。故填sign up for。【58题详解】考查介词短语。句意：由于大雪，晚上的课被取消了。根据句意可知，此处为介词短语due to “由于，故 填 due too【59题详解】考查动词短语。句意：我试着问过他，但他的解释说不通。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语make sense ”讲得通”，结合空前don3助动词可知，为动词原形。故填make sense。【60题详解】考查动词短语。句意：我知道她认为这个花瓶是个很好的古董，但我怀疑它有30年以上的历史。根据句意 可知，此处为动词短语date back to “追溯到，由do
34、ubt可知，用一般现在时，结合空前it为第三人称单数, 所以此处动词也应为三单形式。故填dates back to。第三节句子翻译（共5小题：每小题2分,满分10分）61. 当他回到家里时，才知道出了什么事。Only when he returned home.【答案】did he know what had happened【解析】【详解】考查倒装句、时态和宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，0nly位于句首，修饰when引导的时间状语从 句，主句要用倒装结构，句意阐述的是过去的事实，倒装结构中助动词用一般过去时did,结合句子结构, “知道出了什么事”应该用宾语从句，且连接词在从句中作“知道（kn
35、ow）”的宾语，连接词应该用what。宾语从句中“发生（happen）”是他回家之前发生的动作，应该用过去完成时had happened。综合以上分析, 故填 did he know what had happenedo62 .旅行不仅能拓展我们的视野，而且能丰富我们的人生经历。Not only, but also it can.答案 can travel broaden our horizons .enrich life experience【解析】【详解】考查部分倒装。空1：根据句意可知，“旅游不仅能拓展我们的视野”表达为travel can not only broaden our ho
36、rizons,此处将not only提前，应用部分倒装，故应填can travel broaden our horizons。空2：“丰富我 们的人生经历”表达为enrich life experience,且空前有情态动词can,故应用动词原形，故填enrich life experienceo 故答案为：can travel broaden our horizons； enrich life experienceo63 .他们的生命正在遭受威胁，专家建议立即采取有效的措施。（进行时的被动语态）Their livesso experts recommend that immediately.
37、答案.are being endangered .effective measures （should） be taken【解析】【详解】考查时态语态。分析中文句意可知，第一个空格应该使用动词endanger ”使遭受”的现在进行时 被动语态，即are being endangered,表示“生命正被威胁着；第二空应该使用effective measures表示“有 效的措施，should be taken表示“采取”，因为take与主语构成动宾关系，故使用被动语态，而该宾语从句 为recommend “推荐”的宾语，故从句需要使用（should） +动词原形的虚拟语气。故答案为are bei
38、ng endangered 和 effective measures（should）be taken o64 .当谈到足球，人们认为足球运动员在比赛中不应该假装摔倒，这是作弊。（非限制性定语从句）soccer, it is generally acknowledged that a soccer player shouldnt pretend to fall down in a match,【答案.When it comes to .which is cheating【解析】【详解】考查固定句型和非限制性定语从句。“当谈到”用固定句型whenitcomesto表示；“这是作弊”可 处理为非限制
39、性定语从句，修饰前面句子，关系词将“假装摔倒”这件事代入定语从句作主语，用关系代 词which引导该非限制性定语从句，“作弊”用cheating表示，译为which is cheatingo故填When it comes to； which is cheating o65 .你会发现，当你经历艰难的时刻时保持冷静是很难的。（find+宾语+宾补）You will when you are.【答案 J find it hard to keep calm .going through tough times【解析】【详解】考查时态和固定表达。根据要求，第一空可用“自nd+宾语+宾补”表达，即为fi
40、nd it hard to keep calm, it是形式宾语，hard作宾补，to keep calm是真正的宾语；第二空：表达“经历艰难时刻”用go through tough times,结合语境可知，此处为现在进行时，go应用现在分词。故填find it hard to keep calmgoing through tough times o第四部分书面表达(满分30分)66 .假定你是校报“Your Voice”栏目的负责人李华，请给外教Smith写一封邮件邀请他就英语学习接受一 次采访。内容包括：1 .栏目情况介绍；2 .采访时间和话题内容。注意：(1)词数100左右；(2)可以
41、适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；(3)开头已经写好，不计入总词数。Dear Smith,Im Li Hua, responsible for Your Voice in the school newspaper. Impressed by your English teaching experience, Im writing to invite you to an interview.【答案】Dear Smith,Im Li Hua, responsible for Your Voice in the school newspaper. Impressed by your English tea
42、ching experience, Im writing to invite you to an interview.Although the column was established last year, its been gaining popularity among students. Distinguished teachers have joined in our column, offering professional suggestions on learning English. The column features various topics, ranging f
43、rom appreciation of English Classics, guidance on writing essays to a glimpse of western culture, which definitely broaden students horizons and arouse their enthusiasm for learning English.If you should be available this Friday evening, Im wondering if you can share opinions about vocabulary learni
44、ng since many students find it challenging to acquire vocabulary.Looking forward to your participation! Your earliest reply will be appreciated.Yours sincerelyLi Hua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给外教Smith写一封邮件邀请他就英语学习接受一次采访。内 容包括：1.栏目情况介绍；2.采访时间和话题内容。【详解】1 .词汇积累杰 出的：distinguishedoutstanding提供：offer一provide
45、建议：suggestion一advice各种各样的：variousvarieties of2 .句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Im Li Hua, responsible for Your Voice in the school newspaper.拓展句：Im Li Hua, who is responsible fbr Your Voice in the school newspaper.【点睛】高分句型 1 The column features various topics, ranging from appreciation of English Classics, guidance
46、on writing essays to a glimpse of western culture, which definitely broaden students horizons and arouse their enthusiasm for learning English.（运用了 which引导的非限制性定语从句）高分句型 2 If you should be available this Friday evening, Tm wondering if you can share opinions about vocabulary learning since many stud
47、ents find it challenging to acquire vocabulary.（运用 了 if 弓I 导的条件状语从 句，if引导的宾语从句和since引导的原因状语从句）B. She failed to join the no-mow“ movement.C. She was worried about the untidy environment there.D. She was busy improving the locals9 living conditions.3. What does the author mainly say about the meadow i
48、n the last paragraph?A. It provides a more balanced ecosystem.B. It supplies many kinds of food to the author.C. It causes many insect problems for the author.D. It helps reduce the authors writing pressure.【答案】l.C 2. A 3. A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述习惯给草地除草的作者搬到新家，当地人不除草，因此她的草地也杂草重 生。她本以为除掉这片草将是繁重的任务，但却逐渐习惯并喜欢上这片草地带给自己的更加平衡的生态系 统。【1题详解】细节理角窣题。根据第二段后两句 When we