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1、高考英语任务型阅读练习十二篇(-)At the beginning of the twentieth century, many people thought that the American family was falling apart. A century later, we know that this was not the case. However, although the family is still alive in the United States, its size and shape were very different 100 years ago.In t
2、he late 1800s and early 1900s, there were mainly two types of families in the United States: the extended and the nuclear. The extended family usually includes grandparents, parents, and children living under the same roof. The nuclear family consists of only parents and children.Today there are man
3、y different kinds of families. Some people live in “traditional“ families, that is, a stay-home mother, a working father, and their own biological children. Others live in two-paycheck families, single-parent families, adoptive or foster, families, blended families (where men and women who were marr
4、ied before marry again and combine the children from previous marriages into the new families), child less families, and so on.What caused the structure of the family to change? In the early 1900s the birthrate began to fall and the divorce rate began to rise. Women were suddenly choosing to go to c
5、ollege and take jobs outside the home. In the 1930s and 1940s, many families faced serious financial, or money problems during the Great Depression, when many people lost their jobs. During World War II (1939-1945), 5 million women were left alone to take care of their homes and their children. Beca
6、use many men were at war, thousands of these nwar widows had to go to work outside their home.During the next ten years, the situation changed. There were fewer divorces, and people married at a younger age and had more children than the previous generation. It was unusual for a mother to work outsi
7、de the home during the years when her children were growing tip. Families began leaving cities and moving into single-family homes in the suburbs. The traditional family seemed to be returning.In the years between 1960s and 1990s, there were many important changes in the structure of the family. Fro
8、m the 1960s to the early 1970s, the divorce rate doubled and the birthrate fell by half. The number of single-parent families tripled, and the number of couples living together without being married doubled again. In fact, the single-parent household, once unusual, has replaced the ntraditional1 fam
9、ily as the typical family in the States. If we can judge from history, however, this will probably change again in the twenty-first century.The Changes of the American FamilyMain comparisonsContextsDifferent1There were two _2 types of families in the past, 3, the extended and thenuclear.Nowadays _4t
10、ypes of families can beseen than before.Changes in different 5.In the 1900s and1940sMany of the women had to work outside due to the _6 of money., thus causing the fall of_7and the rise of divorce rate.In the 1950sDivorce rate slided and there were more children . The families tended to besmall comp
11、uters:advantages The secretary :do other more interesting work for the bosssecretarial time can be made better use of7.can be saved by doing daily jobsautomatically outside office hours. 8.will lost their jobs. medical problems related to work with visualdisplay unitsMany people 9slowly6. The boss/m
12、anager 7.（九）If you and your friends wish to share a secret, you can write it in code, and no one else will be able to read it. Codes are one way of writing in secrets. Ciphers（暗码）are another. In the code each word is written as a secret code or word number. In a cipher each letter is changed. Codes
13、and ciphers have played an important role in the history of the word. Julius Caesar, the Roman ruler who defeated almost all the countries in Europe about 2000years ago, used a cipher when he sent secret messages to his troops. During American Revolution, George Washingtons spies used a kind of code
14、 to send him information about the enemy before his military （军事的） action. In World War 2,the American “broke”, or figured out, Japan9s most important navy codes and got enough information to destroy a powerful Japanese fleet （月见队）。Storekeepers use codes to mark their goods. The codes show how much
15、was paid for the goods or when they were added to the stock. Businessman use codes to hide plans from their business enemies. Sometimes personal letters or diaries are written in code. Many people enjoy figuring out codes and ciphers simply as a hobby.In the 16th century, codes and ciphers were very
16、 popular among scientists. They wrote messages to each other in code so that no one else would learn their secrets. Geronimo Gardano, an Italian astrologer（星相家），mathematician, and doctor, invented the trellis ciphers. He took two sheets of paper and cut exactly the same holes in each one. Then he se
17、nt one sheet, which he called a trellis, to a friend and kept the other for himself. Whenever he wanted to write a message,he put his trellis, over the clean sheet of paper and wrote the secret message through the holes.Then he removed the trellis and filed the rest of the paper with words that woul
18、d make sense.When his friends received it, He put his trellis over the writing and read the secret message.Title 71.AspectsIn wars72.In science circleMeansUsing codes and ciphersUsing codesCutting holes in two exact pieces of paper and writing the message 73Covering the trellis over the writing rece
19、ived to get 74.75.To 76.to troopsTo know about businesssituationsTo 79.to themselvesTo make the military leaders77.of the situation ofthe war78.from opponentsResults80.enemiesAchieving business goalsSharing secrets messages74. meaningful (useful) information/messages 75. Purposes/Aims76. send secret
20、 messages/information77. informed/know/leam/aware/conscious(十)Autumn blues? Let the sunshine in falling leaves, withering flowers, cold winds, faint sunshine. For many people late autumn can be a season of gloom and depression. Spirits can be low.people who suffer from the autumn blues1 often are ex
21、tremely exhausted, lack energy, need more sleep, feel increased appetite and gain weight.The exact cause of this condition, often called seasonal depression or seasonal affective disorder (SAD), is not known yet, says Chen Jue, associate professor at Shanghai Mental Health Center. nBut recent studie
22、s indicate that weather change is influential and strongly suggest that this condition is caused by changes in the availability of sunlight.,One theory is that with decreased exposure to sunlight, the biological clock that regulates mood, sleep, and hormones is delayed, running more slowly in winter
23、. Exposure to light may reset the biological clock.Another theory is that brain chemicals that transmit information between nerves may be altered in individuals with SAD. It is believed that exposure to light can correct these imbalances.nIt is a sad season, but you can try to make it happy. Remembe
24、r, spring always lives in your heart, Chen says.Here are some tips to deal with autumn depression.-Go outdoors and get some sunlight. Move around. Fresh air and exercise improve the respiratory(呼吸)system and blood circulation and regulate the nervous system. Thus, exercise is calming and relieves on
25、es mood.-Relax at work. Stretch, breathe deeply. Take a tea break. Think of your next vacation.-Keep a chocolate bar in your pocket. Chocolate and sugar raise the spirits.-Look at bright colors, such as red and orange. Color therapy improves mood.-Listen to your favorite music. You can dance to it,
26、or just lie on a cozy couch, reading a novel.-Decorate your room and work space with flowers. Blooming plants are cheering.-Call friends or family when you feel lonely or depressed. Recall some happy memories.Autumn BluesAutumn blues is also called autumn (1).The realcause for it is still (2)tous. E
27、xposure to sunlight can help to cure it.There are some (3) that can help to deal withit.The first reason is that exposure to sunshine can reset the biological clock (4)mood,sleep and hormones.The second is with the balance of nerves that transmit information.Outdoor (6)May reduce the tension that br
28、ings you the low spirits.You can relax yourselves while working. Food In calories and sugar does help too.(8) Treatment also works in handling low mood. Music also(9) arole in treating autumn blues.Green plants are cheering. Calling your friends will (10)yourLoneliness away. Thinking of the sweet pa
29、st is regarded as a good way as well.Keys:Wen Jiabao arrived in Singapore yesterday for an official visit to the country. It is the first visit by a Chinese premier to Singapore in eight years. In the arrival statement, When said he is looking forward to the meeting with Singing pore on ways to deep
30、en East Asian cooperation between two nations so as to contribute to the building of a peaceful, harmonious relationship.nPremier Wen Jiabao and Singapore Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong agreed to jointly develop an environmentally friendly city in northeastern China. The city will be a model for sus
31、tainable development, a Singapore government statement said. The HSino-Singapore Tianjin Eco-city“ will be developed by a joint venture formed by Chinese and Singapore companies. nThis eco-city, to be built in Tianjin, will become another highlight in our relations,1 When said after signing an agree
32、ment with Lee, who agreed, nOn the Singapore side, on all levels, well give this project our full support.1The two sides will share expertise and experiences in urban planning, environmental protection, resources conservation, recycling, use of renewable resources and wastewater re-use. China*s econ
33、omic planning agency issued a set of guidelines earlier this month welcoming foreign investment in environmentally friendly areas such as recycling, ncleann industries and environmental protection.Bilateral relations between China and Singapore have seen big progress even though the two countries es
34、tablished diplomatic ties only 17 years ago, When said during his talks with Lee.China and Singapore have also kept close contact and coordination on regional issues, he added. When said China and Singapore are both important Asian countries that share common interests in many areas.Title: Wens visi
35、t to SingaporeMain pointscontextsGeneral(l)OfTo(2)with SingaporeWens visitTo(3)mutual relationship.Agreements(4)in the visitAnother(5)friendly city to be built in Tianjin.co-operation in city planning, environment protection, recycling and so on for(6)development.co-operation in(7)affairs for a (8)A
36、sia.Guidelines(9)China9s( 10)fbr clean industries and environmentalby Chinaprotection.Keys:（十二）The history and legendThe name of the Danish flag, the Dannefrog, meaning the flag of the Danes: or: the red flag”, is fist encountered in the Danish text from 1478 and in a Netherlands text from 100 years
37、 before that. In the Netherlands armorial(GELre) from 1370-1386 a red banner wit5h white cross is annexed to the coat of arms of Vladimir IV Attended.According to the legend, the Dannenberg fell from heaven from a battle in EstoniaThe legend Presumably (据推测)came into being around 1500 on the basis o
38、f the idea that the royal banner which King Hans lost at his defeat in the Demarches in Northern Germany inl500 was the Dannenberg that had fallen from heaven. In 1559 Frederic II recaptured (夺回)the banner and had it hung in Schleswig Cathedral in present-day northern Germany.In a song from the camp
39、aign of 1500 the banner charged with the cross is associated with the Roman Emperor Constantines dream of the cross in 312 before the battle in which he became absolute monarch in the Roman Empire and according to tradition was converted to Christianity.This vision of the cross, to which are linked
40、the words in hoc signor vicesfunder this sign you shall be victories) is the prototype (原型)of the miracles in the shapes of crosses in the sky, which particularly in the Iberian Peninsula (伊比利亚半岛) were connected with battles between Christians and infidels (异教徒).The Danish flagNameThe DannenbergMean
41、ingThe flag of the Danes or the (1)flagDesignA red banner with a (2)crossOriginLegendThe flag fell from the(3)during a battle in Estonia;The legend came into (4)around 1500 on the(5)of the idea that the banner King lost at his (6)was theDannenberg that had fallen from heaven.SongThe banner charred w
42、ith the cross is (7)with the RomanEmperors dream of the cross before the battle in(8) He became absolute monarchVisionIt is (9)to the wor5ds which indicate the victory and it is the prototype ofmiracles in the (10)of crosses in the sky.1. red2. white3. heaven 4. being 5. basis6. defeat 7. associated
43、8. which 9. linked 10. shape8again.In the years between 1960s and 1990sDifferent types of familes_9.Traditional families are no longer the typical ones in America.A trend worth notingAuthors opinion on changesThe present structure is10; it will experience changes againin the near future.（-）The famil
44、y sphere（范围）used to be defined by its isolation from the public realm. There was the public male realm （领域）of rational accomplishment1 and cruel competition, and the private female and child-rearing sphere of home, intuition （直觉）and emotion. The private realm was supposed to be isolated from the rea
45、lities of adult life. For both better and worse, television and other electronic media tend to break down the difference between those two worlds. The membrane around the family sphere is much more permeable（ 口渗透的）.TV takes public events and transforms them into dramas that are played out in the pri
46、vacy of our living rooms, kitchens and bedrooms.Parents used to be the channel through which children learned about the outside world. They could decide what to tell their children and when to tell it to them. Since children learn to read in stages, books provide a kind of natural screening process,
47、 where adults can decide what to tell and not tell children of different reading abilities. Television destroyed the system that separated adult from child knowledge and separated information into year-by-year slices for children of different ages. Instead, it presents the same information directly
48、to children of all ages, without going through adult filters.So television presents a real challenge to adults. While a parent can read a newspaper without sharing it with children in the same room, television is accessible to everyone in that space. And unlike books, television doesnt allow us to flip （番羽转）through it and see whats coming up. We may think were giving our children a lesson in science by having them watch the Challenger take off