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1、海淀区高一年级练习英语试卷考生须知：L本试卷共8页，共四部分，51道小题。满分100分。考试时间90分钟。2 .在试卷和答题纸上准确填写学校名称、班级名称、姓名。3 .试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。4 .在答题纸上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其余题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。5 .考试结束，请将本试卷和答题纸一并交回。第一部分：听力理解（共三节，20分）第一节（共4小题；每小题1分，共4分）听下面4段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你 将听一遍。1. What do
2、es the man want to buy?A. A mobile phone. B. A bicycle. C. A basketball.2. What does the woman ask the man to do?A. Move fast. B. Buy some drink. C. Save her place.3. What will the speakers do on Saturday?A. Go sailing. B. Go swimming. C. Go waterskiing.4. What does the woman like to eat?A. Burgers
3、and French fries. B. Burgers and salads. C. Burgers with cheese.第二节（共8小题；每小题1分，共8分）听下面4段材料。每段材料后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段材料前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料你将听两遍。听第5段材料，回答第5至6题。5. Why does the man feel upset?A. Because he lost the game. B. Because he was hit by a ball. C. Because he fa
4、iled to go dancing.6. What does the woman advise the man to do?A.Relax more. B.Believe in himself. C.Take the game seriously.听第6段材料，回答第7至8题。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中 “It brings together more than 50 masterworks by Van Gogh and follows him through four key stages of his career, from early sketches （草图）to f
5、inal paintings.（它汇集了 梵高的 50 多幅杰 作，跟踪他职业生涯的四个关键阶段，从早期的草图到最后的画作）”可知，休斯顿美术博物馆展出了 50 多幅文森特梵高的作品。故选A项。【22题详解】推理判断题。根据 Frequently Asked Questions 部分中 “ Visitors can buy tickets in advance online or on the day of your visit. Tickets are available for purchase at any admissions desk on a first-come, first-s
6、erved basis and may sell out quickly.（游客可以在网上提前购票，也可以在参观当日购票。门票可在任何售票处购买，先到 先得，可能很快售罄）”可推知，为了确保能买到票，游客最好提前在网上购买。故选B项。23题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，文章介绍了休斯顿美术博物馆举办的“文森特梵高：他的艺术生活”艺术 展，并介绍了购票和参观信息，因此本文的目的是为艺术展作推广和宣传。故选D项。tsunamiIn December 2004, as a new professional photographer, I began to work on a project about
7、 communities who live on the sea in southeast Asia.I went out to sea with them regularly. On the morning of 26 December, I was due to set out with a group of six fishermen in a small boat. It was about 8 am, and the sea looked different. The water was totally still. I could tell from the way the fis
8、hermen were behaving that something wasnt right. They seemed to be discussing whether or not we should set off, but the eldest, who operated the boat, gave the go-ahead order.About 20 minutes later, one of the fishermen pointed to a small white spot far in the distance. It looked like a football. It
9、 was getting bigger and bigger very quickly. We had no idea that this was a tsunami wave speeding through the ocean like a tornado （龙卷风）.With a big wave, you would usually try to get as far out as possible into the open sea. The deeper the water, the weaker the wave. But we werent far enough out to
10、be safe, nor close enough to the shore to make it back before the wave would hit the land. We were trapped.When I realized that the fishermen, who were bom on the sea, were afraid, I began to feel really scared. At some point the elder took control. No one panicked or screamed. The captain told the
11、six of us where to sit, so we would balance out the boat.I was sitting on one of the benches in the middle, with my back facing the five-to-seven-meter-high wave. I took hold of my seat firmly, closed my eyes and said goodbye to the world, my family and friends, in my mind.Suddenly there was a huge
12、noise and a sudden movement. The wave had hit the boat, but in the very second of impact, the incredibly skilled captain got it right. He managed to sail up and on to the wave. Then the boat glided （滑动）from the tip of the wave down behind it, into safe waters. He had saved us all.Surviving gave me a
13、 deep understanding of how short life can be. Tve been going back to southeast Asia almost every year to thank the people who saved my life.24. Before setting out to the sea, the author and the fishermen.A. talked about the routeB. felt something unusualC. predicted a coming tsunamiD. made insuffici
14、ent preparations25. What can we learn about the author from the story?A. It was his first time to explore the sea.B. He felt scared because of his inexperience.C. He thought he would die from the tsunami.D. He was confident that all on board would survive.26. Which of the following words can best de
15、scribe the captain?A. Kind and determined.B. Smart and generous.C. Calm and skillful.D. Brave and honest.【答案】24.B25. C 26. C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者和渔民们一起在船长的指导下脱险于海啸的故事。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段 “They seemed to be discussing whether or not we should set off, but the eldest, who operated the boat, gave the g
16、o-ahead order.,（从渔民们的行为方式我可以判断出有什么不对。他们似乎在 讨论我们是否应该出发，但操纵船的老大下达了前进的命令）可知，在出海前他们已经察觉有点不对 劲。故选B。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段 “I took hold of my seat firmly, closed my eyes and said goodbye to the world, my family and friends, in my mind.（我紧紧地抓住我的座位，闭上眼睛，在脑海里对这个世界、我的家 人和朋友说再见）可知，当时作者以为他会在此次海啸中死亡。故选C。【26题详解】推理判
17、断题。根据第五段 “At some point the elder took control. No one panicked or screamed.The captain told the six of us where to sit, so we would balance out the boat. （在某种程度上,长者控制了 局面。没有人恐 慌或尖叫。船长告诉我们六个人该坐在哪里，这样我们就可以平衡船了）以及倒数第二段“The wave had hit the boat, but in the very second of impact, the incredibly skilled
18、 captain got it right. ” （海浪击中了 船， 但 就在撞击的那一秒钟，这位技术高超的船长就把事情做好了）可知，船长既有经验又很冷静。故选C。CThe Mozart in the MachineSometime in the coming decades, an external system that collects and analyzes biometric data （生物特征数 据）will probably be able to understand whats going on in my body and in my brain much better
19、than me. What will it do to art? Will art remain humanitys last line of defense against the rise of the all-knowing algorithms （算 法）？In the modem world art is usually associated with human emotions. We tend to think that artists are controlling internal psychological forces, and that the whole purpo
20、se of art is to connect us with our emotions or to inspire in us some new feeling. Consequently, when we come to evaluate art, we tend to judge it by its emotional impact and to believe that beauty is in the eye of the beholder.In 1952, the composer John Cage composed a musical piece 4 33 This piece
21、 consists of 4 minutes and 33 seconds during which no instrument plays anything. The piece encourages the audience to observe their inner experiences in order to examine what music is and what we expect of it. The message is that it is our own expectations and emotions that define music.If art is de
22、fined by human emotions, what might happen once external algorithms are able to understand and manipulate human emotions better than Shakespeare, Picasso or Lennon? After all, emotions are not some mysterious forces - they are a biochemical process. Therefore, given enough biometric data and enough
23、computing power, it might be possible to hack （入侵）love, hate, boredom and joy.Of all forms of art, music is probably the most sensitive to Big Data analysis, because the inputs are the mathematical patterns of soundwaves, and the outputs are the electrochemical signals. Allow a learning machine to g
24、o over millions of musical experiences, and it will learn how particular inputs result in particular outputs.Therefore, in the long run, algorithms may learn how to compose entire tunes, playing on human emotions as if they were a piano keyboard. Using your personal biometric data, the algorithms co
25、uld even produce personalized melodies, which you alone in the entire world would appreciate.Will this result in great art? That depends on the definition of art. If beauty is indeed in the ears of their listener, then biometric algorithms stand a chance of producing the best art in history. If art
26、is about something deeper than human emotions, biometric algorithms might not make very good artists. But nor would most humans. In order to enter the art market, algorithms wont have to begin by straight away beating Beethoven. It is enough if they outperform Justin Bieber.27. The author mentions t
27、he musical piece 4 33 to.A. discuss the effect of silence in a musical pieceB. emphasize its emotional impact on the audienceC. show the significance of emotions in defining musicD. encourage the audience to observe their inner experiences28. What does the underlined word manipulate“ in Paragraph 4
28、mean?A. Influence.B. Cover.C. Present.D. Appreciate.29. What can we learn from this passage?A. Computers will take the place of artists one day.B. Human emotions are much more than biochemical signals.C. Art is the final wall of humanity against the all-knowing algorithms.D. Personalized music may b
29、e available for people to enjoy in the future.30. What is the authors attitude towards the future of algorithms music?A. Uncertain.B. Pessimistic.C. Confused.D. Positive.【答案】27.C28. A 29. D 30. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了生物识别算法的崛起对可能给艺术创作带来的影响。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段 u Consequently, when we come to evaluate
30、art, we tend to judge it by its emotional impact and to believe that beauty is in the eye of the beholder.（因此，当我们评价艺术时，我们倾向于根据它 的情感影响来判断它，并相信美在观者的眼中）”和第二段中This piece consists of 4 minutes and 33 seconds during which no instrument plays anything. The piece encourages the audience to observe their inn
31、er experiences in order to examine what music is and what we expect of it. The message is that it is our own expectations and emotions that define music.（这首曲子时长4分33秒，在这段时间内没有任何乐器演奏。这 首曲子鼓励观众观察他们的内心体验，从而审视音乐是什么，以及我们对音乐的期待。它要传递的信息 是我们的期望和情感定义了音乐）”可推知，作者提及中33”这首曲子的目的是为了用事例来证明情感 在定义音乐中的重要作用。故选C项。【28题详解】
32、词句猜测题。根据划线词后“better than Shakespeare, Picasso or Lennon（比莎士比亚、毕加索和列侬更 好）”可知，句中把外部算法与著名艺术家进行比较，结合上文内容和划线词前动词understand可推知， 句中比较了外部算法与艺术家对人类情绪的“理解和影响”，结合选项，划线词manipulate在句中与 influence同义。故选A项。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中 uTherefore, in the long run, algorithms may learn how to compose entire tunes, playing on
33、 human emotions as if they were a piano keyboard. Using your personal biometric data, the algorithms could even produce personalized melodies, which you alone in the entire world would appreciate.（因 此，从长远来看，算法可能会学会如何创作完整的曲调，就像弹钢琴键盘一样根据人类的情感演奏。利 用你的个人生物特征数据，算法甚至可以产生个性化的旋律，只有你一个人会欣赏）”可推知，在未来人 们可能会欣赏到个
34、性化的音乐。故选D项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Therefore, in the long run, algorithms may learn how to compose entire tunes, playing on human emotions as if they were a piano keyboard. （因止匕， 从长远来看，算法可能会学会如何创作完整的曲调，就像弹钢琴键盘一样根据人类的情感演奏。）和倒数 第一段中 “ If art is about something deeper than human emotions, biometric algor
35、ithms might not make very good artists. But nor would most humans. （如果艺术是关于比人类情感更深层次 的东西，那么生物识别算法可能不会成为非常好的艺术家。但大多数人也不会。）可知作者对于算法音乐 包邮积极的态度。故选D。第四部分：书面表达（共两节，30分）第一节（共4小题；第47、48、49小题各2分，第50小题4分，共10分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。eustressWe often hear about the negative aspects of anxiety, but could there be any
36、 advantages or benefits that come from living with anxiety? Anxiety is a feeling that is often characterized by intense fear and worry.Many individuals with anxiety describe it as a feeling of nervousness and fear that can be distracting and allconsuming. It is typically experienced on many levels,
37、affecting ones emotions and leading to uncomfortable physical sensations, and negative thoughts. However, have you ever considered some of the possible positive effects that may come with having anxiety? Scientists have learned that some degree of stress or anxiety isnt necessarily a bad thing. Good
38、 stress, something now referred to as eustress, keeps us motivated and excited about life. It appears that some degree of anxiety may have similar silver linings.Anxiety may be just the warning sign you need to bring awareness to your current situation and make some necessary changes in your life. F
39、or example, you may find that you have a friendship that is no longer working, or perhaps your job is causing a great deal of stress. Your anxiety can be difficult to manage, but exploring and coping with your anxiety can be a real opportunity for self-growth.Anxiety may help you feel more motivated
40、 and prepared when faced with challenges. Research has shown that students and athletes who experienced some anxiety actually performed better on tests or in competitive sports. For instance, perhaps your anxiety assists you in putting extra effort into work or personal tasks, making a good impressi
41、on, or moving towards your goals.People who have dealt with anxiety may be more sympathetic and understanding to the problems that others face. Having gone through personal struggles yourself, you may be more sensitive, loving, and accepting when friends and family members are dealing with personal
42、challenges.Even though there can be some potential benefits to experiencing anxiety, it is worthwhile to point that it can also become a real hindrance to many aspects of your life. If anxiety is preventing you from living the life you desire, then it may be time to get professional help.31. What is
43、 anxiety according to the passage?32. What can eustress do to us?33. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Research has shown that students with some anxiety are sure to perform worse on tests.34. How will you deal with anxiety in your life?
44、 (In about 40 words)【答案】31. Anxiety is a feeling that is often characterized by intense fear and worry.32. Eustress keeps us motivated and excited about life.33. Research has shown that students with some anxiety are sum to perform worsi on tests. Because students and athletes who experienced some a
45、nxiety actually performed better on tests or in competitive sports.34. In our daily life we can deal with high-pressure situations by accommodating more or removing the volume that was creating the most pressure. For example, when I feel stressed, I will go running to release the pressure in this wa
46、y.【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了焦虑的一些症状以及对人正反面的影响。【31题详解】考查细节理解。根据第一段中 “Anxiety is a feeling that is often characterized by intense fear and worry.（焦虑 是一种以强烈的恐惧和担忧为特征的感觉）”可知，焦虑是一种以强烈的恐惧和担忧为特征的感觉。故答 案为 Anxiety is a feeling that is often characterized by intense fear and worry.【32题详解】考查细节理解。根据第二段中 “Good stre
47、ss, something now referred to as eustress, keeps us motivated and excited about life. It appears that some degree of anxiety may have similar “silverlinings”.（好的压力， 现在被称 为正面压力，让我们对生活充满动力和激情。某种程度的焦虑似乎也有类似的“一线希望”）”可知，正 面压力让我们对生活充满动力和激情。故答案为Eustress keeps us motivated and excited about life.33题详解】考查推理判
48、断。根据倒数第三段中 “Anxiety may help you feel more motivated and prepared when faced with challenges. Research has shown that students and athletes who experienced some anxiety actually performed better on tests or in competitive sports.（在面对挑战时，焦虑会让你更有动力，更有准备。研究表明，经历某 种焦虑的学生和运动员实际上在考试或竞技运动中表现得更好）”可知，错误部分为st
49、udents with some anxiety are sure to perform worse on tests,因为经历过焦虑的学生实际上在测试中表现得更好。故答案为 Research has shown that students with some anxiety are sure to perform worse on tests. Because students who experienced some anxiety actually performed better on tests.【34题详解】开放性题目，言之有理即可。题干：你将如何处理生活中的焦虑？可回答：在我们的日常生活中