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1、英语字母组合发音规律秘诀一、音标认识英语共有48个音标,其中辅音音标28个,元音音标2()个。记得我们小学认字的时候就是从拼音开始,英语中的 音标就充当了汉字中的拼音角色,辅音相当于声母,元音相当于韵母。1、元音音标,里面包括12个单元音和8个双元音。单元音:i:e0冈人:u: u b: d双元音:ai ei io ou ua au a bi2、辅音音标,分为清辅音和浊辅音,清辅音发音时声带不振动,浊辅音发音时声带振动。清辅音:ptkfs0/ ts tJtrh1浊辅音:bdgvzd3 dz dd drrmnR w j英语的26个字母分两种类型:一种叫元音字母,另一种叫辅音字母。元音字母有:a,
2、 e, i, o, u五个,其余为辅 音字母。1.开音节1)以发音的元音字母结尾的单节。例:be, he2)以辅音字母(r除外)+不发音的e结尾的音节。例:make, like。*在重读的开音节中元音字母按 字母名称读音。2.闭 音节以一个或几个辅音字母(r除外)结尾而中间只有一个元音字母的音 节,称为闭音节。例:map, desk, is。* 在重读的闭音节中元音字 母读做短元音。字母a, e, i, o, u在重读音节中的读法a/ei/开音节 /ei/ name, take闭音节/纪/ map, bage/i:/开音节/i:/ be, he闭音节 /e/ egg, bestI/ai/开音节
3、 /ai/ like, kite闭音节 /i/ bit, fit0/ou/开音节 /ou/ note, no闭音节 /。/ dog, lotu/ju:/开音节 /ju:/ mute, use闭音节 / a / bus, cut重读音节是指在单词中重读的音节,非重读音节是指在单词中不重读的音节。重读的那个音节,结尾的是元音,就叫重读开音节; 重读的那个音节,结尾的是辅音,就叫重读闭音节、元音字母在重读音节中的读音(重读音节是指在单词中重读的音节)a在开音节中ei name plane Jane baby cake在闭音节中出bag dad hat map black backe在开音节中i :
4、he these me Chinese在闭音节中e bed let pen desk yes egg在开音节中ai bike fly drive time nice kite在闭音节中 fish big drink sit milk swim0在开音节中Eu those close go hoe home no在闭音节中E clock not box shop socku在开音节中 ju: student excuse duty Tuesday, 但u在辅音字母j 1 r s后面时读u:音,例如: June blue ruler super。u 在闭音节中八bus cup jump much
5、lunch二、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音(重读音节是指在单词中重读的音节)a 在w音后面 o want what watch wash qualitya 在 f n sk ph sp ss st th 前 a: after plant graph ask grasp glass fast fatheri 在一nd -Id 和 gh 前ai find child light higho 在一st Td 前 ou most postcard old coldo 在 m n v th 前A come monkey love mother三、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音(非重读音节是指在单词中不重
6、读的音节。)aEi China_Orange_.brindsAnother,.ehaComrade_ . IkcmridWoman_.wumanVillage_.ilidst/t/it sit not that table littleu/ju: /use usually excuse/A /bus us sun duck/ u /put pull pushV/v /five vase very sevenwMwe window watch wantX/ks /box six foxy/ai /my fly why bye/ J /yes yellow/ i /happy baby veryz
7、/ z /zoo zero音标发音【兀音】音标发音1、i :字母组合:ee ea e ie/eiee: three tree green sheep meet beef see seekea: eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean pleasee:he she meie/ei: piece receive ceiling2、i发音字母i y ei:sitpicture it is list six mix fixfit pig big build missy:myth many twenty happy dictionary
8、e: defect decide delicious3、e字母组合ea e aea: head bread pleasure heavene : elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yesa : many any4、氏字母组合aa : bag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man5、a:字母组合 ir ur ear er orir: girlshirt skirt thirty thirteenthird
9、 bird ur: hurtfurthercar: learnearn earth hearder: termher nerd serveor: attorney6、a字母组合er orou ar o ae urer: teacher leader remember player speaker farmer powderor: doctor actor mayor author tractorou: delicious gracious pleasurear: fcimiliar collardollaro: together tomorrowtodaylesson Washingtonco
10、ntrol politea: around accountagoelephantmantabanana Canada Japanchinae: heaven listenur: pursue Saturday7、a:字母组合ar aar: car farm card arm gardena: fast class last glass plant aunt calm8、人发音字母u o ou oou: up supper lunch fun gun huntcupbuso: come mother dose brother love aboveou: trouble rough flouris
11、h oo: blood flood9、d:字母组合 al or au our aral: small wall talk tall hall ballcallwalkor: short more lord horse for forty door floor store au: author caught autumn our: four mourn court bought ar: warm quarrel quartersport10、b发音字母。ao: hot lost lot fox box mop hop collar nota: want wash watchloss11、u:字母
12、组合oo 。uoo: food moon room gloom broom doom tootho: shoe do twou: truetruthblue ful1 prudegoose12、u字母组合oo ou u ooo: look good foot book wood ou: should couldu: put full bull pull push o: woman wolf13、ai字母组合i yi: bike like write right light might night y: cycle bye shy14、ei字母组合 ai a ei ay ea eyai: mai
13、n gain rain waita: hate date gate fate ci: eight neighbor ay: say way stay pay delay ea: great breakey: they grey (灰色)prey (捕食)15、ia字母组合 eer ea ere ear eer: deer beer peer ea: idea realize ere: here mere sere ear: ear near fear tear sear dear 16、au字母组合o ow oa o: note broken coke vote no ow: window w
14、allow yellow hallow shadow oa: boat road load【辅音】音标发音1、p字母组合:pp: put push tap stop post tripperson2、b字母组合:bb: brother but bomb3、t字母组合:tt: teacher student touch tell4、d字母组合:dd: down decide dirty doctor5、k字母组合:c ch ck kc: cook article ch: school chemistryk: back rock6、g字母组合gg: garden get give go7、f字母组
15、合:f gh ph f: left scarf fungh: laugh tough roughph: elephant dolphin geography8、v字母组合:vv: vacation visit very9、s字母组合:s c ss ce5: student small skill sit sir c: decide center criticize ss: grass discuss glass class ce: nice face rice mice 10. z字母组合:s z6: reason always z: size zoo11. 0字母组合:thth: thin
16、through nothing both12. 6字母组合:thth: weather whether other that17、ua字母组合 oor ure ueloor: poor ure: sure cure pure 18、au字母组合ow ou ow: flower towel tower now down ou: out about house mouse doubt mountain 19 e a字母组合 air ear are ere air: air hair fair chair car: boar pear wear are: share stare care fare
17、dare ere: where there20、,i字母组合oi oyoi: soil boil spoil coin point join oy: boy toy joy annoy soybean13. /字母组合:ch s shch: machines: suresh: brush fishfashion shy14. 3字母组合:susual pleasure15. ts字母组合:-ts-tests: students sits writes-tes: kites16. dz字母组合:- ds-des-ds: beds stands-des: tides rides17. t门字母组合
18、:chtchch: cheap beachtch: watch catch18. da字母组合:g geJg: giraffe(长颈鹿)ge: cabbage (卷心菜)gym geography, bridgej:joke juice enjoy19. tr字母组合:tritr: trip try strong trumpet20. dr字母组合:dr dr: drink drawer drop21. m字母组合:m mb mnm: middle remember comb.mn: autumnexam.mb: climb22. n字母组合:n gn knn: menu rain noodl
19、e.23.旧字母组合:ng ng: strongsinggn: sign foreignhungrylanguagepenguin uncle24: 1字母组合:11: little lead love like noodle needle turtle25: r字母组合:r wrr: rule run right camera. wr: writewrong26; h字母组合:hh: hello hole high27: j字母组合:jj: yes , yellow28 w字母组合:ww: wood wild watera:发音时嘴唇自然张大,舌放平,舌头中间微隆,声带颤动。o:发音时嘴唇成
20、圆形,微翘起,舌头向后缩,舌面后部隆起,舌居中,声带颤动。e:发音时嘴半开,舌位靠后,嘴角向两边展开成扁形,声带颤动。i:发音时,嘴微张成扁平状,舌尖抵住下齿龈,舌面抬高,靠近上硬腭,声带颤动。u:发音时:嘴唇拢圆,突出成小孔,舌面后部隆起,声带颤动。U:发音时,嘴唇成圆形,接近闭拢,舌尖抵住下齿龈,舌面前部隆起,声带颤动。b:发音时,双唇紧闭,阻碍气流,然后双唇突然放开,让气流冲出,读音轻短。P:发音时,双唇紧闭,阻碍气流,然后双唇突然放开,气流迸出成音。m:发音时,双唇紧闭,舌后缩,气流从鼻腔出来,打开嘴,声带颤动。f:发音时,上齿触下唇形成窄缝,让气流从缝中挤出来,摩擦成声。d:发音时,
21、舌尖抵住上牙床,憋住气流后突然放开,气流从口腔迸出,爆发成音。t:发音时,舌尖抵住上牙床,憋住气后,突然离开,气流从口中迸出。n:发音时,舌尖抵住上牙床,气流从鼻腔通过,同时冲开舌尖的阻碍,声带颤动。1:发音时,嘴唇稍开,舌尖抵住上牙床,声带颤动,气流从舌尖两边流出。g:发音时,舌根前部抵住软腭阻碍气流,让气流冲破舌根的阻碍,爆发成音。k:发音时,舌根前部,抵住上软腭,阻碍气流,让气流冲破舌根的阻碍,迸发成音。h:发音时,舌根抬高,接近软腭,形成窄缝,气流从缝中挤出,摩擦成音。j:发音时,舌尖抵住下门齿,舌面前部紧贴硬腭,气流从窄缝中冲出,摩擦成音。q:发音时,舌面前部贴住硬腭,气流冲破舌根的
22、阻碍,摩擦成音。x:发音时,舌尖抵住下门齿,舌面前部抬高靠近硬腭,形成窄缝,气流从缝中挤出,摩擦成音。zh:发音时,舌尖上翘,抵住硬腭前部,有较弱的气流冲开舌尖阻碍,从缝中挤出,摩擦成音。ch:发音时,舌尖上翘,抵住硬腭前部,有较强的气流冲开舌尖阻碍,从缝中挤出,摩擦成音。sh:发音时,舌尖上翘,靠近硬腭前部,留出窄缝,气流从窄缝中挤出,摩擦成音。r:发音时,舌尖上翘,靠近硬腭前部,留出窄缝,嗓子用力发音,气流从窄缝中挤出,摩擦成音,声带颤动。z:发音时,舌尖抵住上门齿背,阻碍气流,让较弱的气流冲开舌尖阻碍,从窄缝中挤出,摩擦成音。c:发音时,舌尖抵住上门齿背,阻碍气流,让较强的气流从缝中挤出
23、,摩擦成音。s:发音时,舌尖接近上门齿背,留出窄缝,气流从舌尖的窄缝中挤出,摩擦成音。y:发音时,嘴微张成扁平状,舌尖抵住下齿龈,舌面抬高,靠近上硬腭,声带颤动。W:发音时,嘴唇拢圆,突出成小孔,舌面后部隆起,声带颤动。ai:发音时,先发a的音,然后滑向i,气流不中断,读音轻短。ei:发音时,先发c的音,然后滑向i,气流不中断,嘴角向两边展开。ui:发音时,u的发音轻短,然后滑向ei,嘴形由圆到扁。ao:发音时,先发a的音,然后舌尖后缩,舌根向上抬,嘴形拢成圆形,轻轻的滑向。ou:发音时,先发。的音,嘴唇渐收拢,舌根抬高,口型由大圆到小I员I。iu:发音时,先发i,然后向ou滑动,口型由扁到圆
24、。ie:发音时,先发i,再发e,气流不中断。Ue:发音时,先发(1的音,然后向e滑动,口型由圆到扁。er:发音时,舌位居中发e的音,然后舌尖向硬腭卷起,两个字母同时发音。an:发音时,先发a的音,然后舌尖逐渐抬起,顶住上牙床发n的音。en:发音时,先发e的音,然后舌面抬高,舌尖抵住上牙床,气流从鼻腔泄出,发n的音。in:发音时,先发i的音,然后舌尖抵住下门齿背,舌面渐至硬腭,气流从鼻腔泄出,发n的音。un:发音时,先发u的音,然后舌尖抵住上牙床,接着发n的音,气流从鼻腔泄出。Un:发音时,先发(1的吾,然后舌头上抬,抵住上牙床,气流从鼻腔泄出,发n的音。ang:发音时,先发a的音,然后舌根抵住
25、上软腭,气流从鼻腔泄出,发后鼻音尾ng的音。eng:发音时,先发e的音,然后舌尖抵住下牙床,舌根后缩抵住软腭发ng音,气流从鼻腔泄出。ing:发音时,舌尖触下齿龈,舌面隆起至硬腭,鼻腔共鸣成声。ong:发音时,先发。的音,然后舌根后缩抵住软腭,舌面隆起,嘴唇拢圆,鼻腔共鸣成声。“W”是汉语拼音的声母,但有些人发一个完整的音节比如“wan弯”时发的却是“van”,即上门牙要触碰下嘴 唇。懂声乐技巧的人都知道在唱歌发声的时候发“W”为声母的音节比如“wan弯”时,是应严格按“W”发音的, 即上门牙不触碰下嘴唇而是圆口形,这样发出(唱出)的音比较圆润动听IPA &KK对照表IPA:国际音标48个元音
26、:20个,辅音:28个区别:1书写形式的不同.如:i: (TPA)i (K. K.)等.2.发音的个别不同.美式中加入卷舌音,而英式中没有卷舌音.如(IPA)s (K. K.)3.此表中在最末加上了几个常见特殊的组合音标。发音口形发此音的字母或字母组合及例举单词IPAKK备注:轻松音简写“轻”,紧张音简写“紧,舌抵下齿简写抵上齿舌后缩简写“一”。 发音口形主要是讲解KK音标。札双元音(KK中称双母音)发音时要做到非常连贯。i:i紧,长衣,面带微笑e, ee, ea, ie, y me, sea, piece, bee, lady刖元音i1轻,短衣,唇微 张开i, y, esit, happy,
27、 decideu:u紧,长乌,一,圆唇 外突oo, o, ue, ui, ew flew , cool, fruit, true, do后元音uV轻,短乌,一,稍圆且松oo, ou, o, u , look, could, put, wolf3:紧,长喔,一,唇小 圆突au, ou, al, aw, , author, call, law, bought轻,短喔,一,唇小 圆突o, a, hot, wash,a:3-重读“儿”音,一开始 就卷舌ir, ur, ear, or, bird, turn, learn, work中元音9轻读卷舌音,前舌由er, or, ar, ur, pleasur
28、e, teacher,平向卷actor, dollara轻读或弱读,“饿”音u, ou, o, a, ialbum, ago,delicious,today,directa:ar。的二声的儿话音ar, farm, car后元音a紧,啊音,a, calmAA轻短啊四声唇 微开向两边u, o, ou, oo, luck, love, trouble, flood中元音eie口由半开到合嘴角 咧到耳朵a, ay, ea, ey, ai, eigh , say, cake, great, rain合口双元音ee小开口 45度音e, a, ea, set, head, many前元音X史紧,、,嘴张大,
29、嘴 角向两边a, fat双元音aiai饱满“阿姨”音由 开到合i, y, igh, ie high, line, fly, die合口双元音0Uo口形由半开到小,发 “呕”音o, ow, oa, oe no, know, boat, toeaua u口形由大到小发 “嗷”音ou, ow, house, cowoi01唇由圆到扁,一,oy, oi, boy, oil, noiseu av r唇由圆到半开,短乌 卷舌音ure, oor, our, sure, poor, tour集中双元音idIT唇始终半开,短衣卷 舌音eer, ere, ear, ier, deer, here, year, f
30、ierceeasr、唇始终半开舌由 平到卷ear, air, are, ercbear, fare, there, fairr短喔的儿化音,一our, or, ore, four, lord, more, store,特例补充(KK音标)juu, ew, student, new,k和n在词首的组合,k 不发音G在n前不发音.H和元音同时出现且在字 尾时不发音.在ex后和偶 尔在字首不发音.00ong, song, longtwtw, twin, twentyfex, box, foxdwdw,dwell, dwarfkwqu, question, quick2012.5.1 wuzhangw
31、eiPP气流冲破紧闭的双唇且无声p, pen, bag (n, s, t 之前不发音)气破双唇音(爆破音)bb气流冲破紧闭的双唇声带震动b, bite.(在t或m前不发音)tt舌尖抵上齿龈弹开舌头且无声t, tw, tear, fit, two (sten - stle 中t不发音)舌尖齿龈气音(爆破 音)dd同上,但声带必须震动d,dark, affordkk舌后部抵住软腭突然离开无声k, c, ch, ck, Ik cock king, cake, school, box,气破舌根软鄂音(爆 破音)gg同上,但声带必须震动g, gh(词首发本音词中不发音)girl, ghostff上齿触下
32、唇,气流从此出无声f, ff, gh, ph, Ifface, off, laugh,phone, shelf唇齿相依摩擦音(摩 擦音)VV同上,但声带必须震动v view, cavess唇微微张开舌近上齿才出气s, c, ce, ss sick, ceilling, cell, kiss气通舌尖齿龈音(摩 擦音)zz同上,但声带必须震动z, se, ze zoo, shoes, choose, size9e上下齿轻轻咬舌尖且吐气无声th, thank, mouth唯一咬舌音(摩擦音)d6同上,但声带必须震动th, this, the, thereff唇收圆稍突舌稍卷近舌无声sh, ti, c
33、i, s, si, ssi, sci ship, motion, social, sure舌端齿龈气擦音(摩 擦音)33同上,但声带必须震动S, si,g pleasure, usual, vision, rougehh嘴自然张开,呵气,无声h, wh, hi, who (h在r或k之后不发 音)大口喘气音(摩擦音)rr舌尖上卷,唇突,声带振动r, right, red四指卷舌音(摩擦音)元音后读儿iftf双唇微张突出舌抵上龈且吐气无 声ch,t tch, church, nature, match气通舌尖齿龈音(破 擦音)a由同上,但声带必须震动go,dge d j g .age, judg
34、e, education vegetable, join, joy,trtr唇收圆前突,舌尖抵上龈赌气,使 气从间出无声tr, tree, countrydrdr同上,但声带振动dr, dress, dry, hundredtsts舌尖抵上龈赌气,使气从间出ts,boots, nutsdzdz同上,但声带必须震动ds, woods,mm元音前发“门儿”m man, name (nm组合出现时,n不发音)双唇闭嘴音(鼻音)元音后发“嗯”,鼻音口紧闭nn元音前发“了”n, kn,nn nice, knife, nine,runner舌尖齿龈开口鼻音 (鼻音)元音后发“嗯,鼻音口半开n, gn ca
35、n sign(n和m同时出现n不发 音)D0唇张开,舌抵下齿龈,舌后部抵软 聘,鼻音,声带振动-ng, n sing, English (ng 发| q g I )舌后软鄂撒娇鼻音 (鼻音)(f元音前发“了”1, light, lose (1 在 alk, alm, alf,ould 中不发音)舌尖齿龈清晰旁流音 (舌边音)I元音前发“儿”1, fall, call舌尖齿龈含糊旁流音 (舌边音)ww唇缩小前突舌后起,嘴向两边滑 开,声带振动w, wh wet, window, when, what (w和r组合出现在词首时,w不发音)圆唇突出短我音(半 元音)jJ做呈微笑状,舌尖抵下齿,舌面贴
36、 上腭,声带振动y, i year, yell,onion双唇扁平短爷音(半 元音)breakfast . ferekfastCabbage . k纪bidseE hundred student open weekendi chicken pocket begin childrenE/i holiday beautiful family animalaiexercise satellite0E second tonight somebody welcomeEu also zero photoUE autumn difficultju(:) popular congratulation Janu
37、ary动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读ei音,例如:operateLi处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母j 1 r s后面时,读u(:)音,例如:July influence February issue 在非重读音节中,许多单词中的元音字母a e i即可以读作E音,也可以读作音四、-r音节元音字母组合1、在重:读音节中的读音元音 字母组合读音例词ar一般发音a : car farm dark sharpener在w音后面 c: warm quarter towardsor一般发音c: forty morning short在w音后面a: word worker worseer ir ura :c
38、ertainly birdThursday辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼 读规则发音。例如:carry sorry hurry2、在非重读音节中通常读 E音,例如:dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday五、-rc音节元音字母组合1、在重读音节中的读音are E care dare hareere iE here mereire aiE fire hire wire ore c: more score before urc juE pure cure2在非重读音节中are ere ire ore很少出现, ure在非
39、重读音节中读E音,例如:picture pleasure3、重读元音字母+r+非重读元音字母组时,重读 元音字母应按a(e, i, o, u)re音节拼读规则拼读, 字母r读r音。例如:parent zero story during inspiring4、某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现 象。例如:orange very American paragraphai/ayeirain wait day playaireEair hair chair pair repairal在f, m, s前后c:smallballtalk wa11 allc: 1 always also salt al
40、mosta :half calm六、元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音au/awc:autumndaughter drawea的发音i:teacheasycheap pleaseeheavy bread sweater weathereibreak greateariEhear dear near clear yeareEbear pear wear swearE:earth learn earlyeei:jeepweekgreen threeeeriEpioneer deer beerei/eyeieight neighbour theyi:either keyeu/ew 在 j 1 r s后j
41、u:u:newfewnewspaper flewbrewjewelryie/eis音之后i:piece field receiveoaoucoat Joan boat goaloar/oor?:roarboarddoor flooroi/oy?inoise point boy toiletoo1.重读音节词尾的 字母组合00发音素 u:的音。如:too(太; 也),zoo (动物 园),2.在辅音字 母 f, 1, m, n, p, s, t 前的字母组合oo也发 音素u:的音。如:roof(屋 顶),school (学 校),room(房 间),soon(不 久),loop(圈, 环),go
42、ose (鹅) boot(靴子),tooth(牙 齿)等.有二个 特例词要特别 注意,它就 是:wool u(羊 毛);:footu( 脚);3.字母组合如:good (好),boo在字母d和k前发音 素u的音。ook(书),look( 看),特例 词:foodu:( 食物);4.在复合词 的非重读音节中的字 母组合。发音素u的 音如:bedroom (卧 室),classroom (教室)等;5.在字母1 和d之间的字母组合 00发音素八的音。如:blood(血), flood (洪水) 等.6.后接r时 字母组合00发音素 ?:door, floorou/owauflower house
43、count downouknow row throw thoughA young country enoughu:groupyousoupour?:course your fourauEour hour oursE:journeyui 在 j 1 r s 后ju:ifluid suicide tuitionu juice fruit suit七、非重读音节中元音字母组合和字群的读音元音字母组合或字 群读音例词ai/ay ,ei/eyiSunday foreign monkeyowouyellow sparrow tomorrow元音字组在非重读音节中读E音。例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee -sion -tion Fn impression nation-sion 在元音字母后 Vn vision decision occasion-tion在