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1、2023年高考英语完型填空高分技巧(解析版)名目一、解题核心思维:.2二、单词不熟识怎么办?.41、文中单词不熟识.42、题干上的单词不熟识.4令训练两个习惯.4三、词性解题法.51、动词题.52、名词题.83、形容词、副词.104、连词题.125、短语题.17四、篇章结构解题法.191、文章U型结构解题.192、分段首句出题.203、谈论文和说明文(首段为文章中心).204、记叙文:花朵文(传播主旋律、价值观、正能量).21五、特殊句型解题法.29主系表结构解名词和形容词题.29宾补解形容词题.29被动句解动词题.29六、答案检查大法.301、答案均分规律.302、答案相连概率.305、反义
2、选项二选一.30七、高考真题.321.2023年 2 月四省联考.322.2023年 1 月浙江卷.363.2022年新高考1 卷.394.2022年新高考2 卷.435.【2022年全国甲卷】.476.【2022年 1 月浙江卷】.527.【2021年 6 月新高考1卷】.558.【2021年 6 月全国甲卷】.589.【2021年 6 月全国乙卷】.6210.【2021年 6 月浙江卷】.6511.【2021.3天津】.6912.【2020全国卷H】.7413.【2020山东卷】.7814.【2020浙江卷】.8215.【2019全国卷H】.8616.【2019全国卷H I】.9017.【
3、2019北京卷】.9418.【2019浙江卷】.98一、解题核心思维:每一个问题都是有依据的【解答步骤】要求同学阅读并翻译每一句话,并在空白处找出答案;不存在题目的全句,必定与题目有关;完形填空法的解答受到 滞后原那么 的制约,选择简洁的,可以先填写,无法确定的,可以将其搁置一旁,只有看完最终的重点,才有可能解决问题!(也就是说,全部的问题,都有一个共同的答案:反之亦然;最有可能的是,在解决问题之前,先把题目放在一边。)【解题原理】倪萍规律今年的春节联欢晚会突出了 的主题A.【消退解惑】为什么选A不 选B?由于A 有线索和依据,而 B 没有 由于A 的线索和依据比B 多【解题思维训练】使用箭头
4、标记法【例 句1】江苏卷Failing to find any other way out,they decided to make a journey,they caught sight of anold hikers(徒步旅行者)guide.【解析】考查名词。依据下文徒步旅行者可知,他们想要来段徒步旅行。business商业,walking行走、徒步,bus公交车,rail铁路。故答案选B。【例 句2】2015安徽卷Thanks to modem manufacturing(制造业)and technology,panies are able to produce productsquic
5、kly and inexpensively.Products are plentiful and 6.【解析】考查形容词辨析。A 平 安 的 B 滑 稽 的 C 廉 价 的 D 强有力的依据“inexpensively”可知,本钱降低的话,产品价格相对也会降低。选 C 例3 2014重庆卷In Asia,one also be cautious about expressing emotions.Getting angry in Southeast Asia justmakes you look silly.In some countries it is 35 to kiss in publi
6、c.A.natural B.advisable C.unwise D.unnecessary【解析】考察形容词辨析以及上下文理解。A 自然的;B 明智的,可取的;C 不明智的;D不必的;本段争辩的是在一些国家里要很谨慎地表示自己的情感。那么亲吻也是不明智的,由于这也是一个表示情感的方法。故 C 正确。蒙题法或检查大法:BC是反义选项二选一。二、单词不熟识怎么办?I、文中单词不熟识动词不熟识:翻译成“搞、整、弄、干”名词不熟识:翻译成“东西”形容词、副词不熟识:直 接 划 掉(这 3 个必需熟识,否认词hardly/rarely/sedom几乎不)2、题干上的单词不熟识一个单词不熟识,三个单词熟
7、识:先从三个单词中选择,假如百分百确定不是这三个单词,就用排解法:选择那个不熟识的单词。两个单词不熟识,两个单词熟识:原理同上。令 训 练 两 个 习 惯习惯一、假如不会做,就要憋住。完型填空的答案受“滞后原那么”的影响,简洁的答案,可以先填,拿不准可以先放下,看到后面关键信息,可能才能解题!习惯二、圈圈法:任何一个题目必有依据。(使用箭头标记法)每一句都必需读,都必需翻译,解题点在没有划线的句子里。三、词性解题法1、动词题动词题方法总述方法一:看主语,看并列,看搭配方法二:前后照应方法一(1)看主语:看主语是人o r 物,此主语能不能发出这个动作?(2)看宾语:宾语是人。r 物,宾语能不能承
8、受这个动作(难点:宾语从句,可以看翻译,也可以看时态)(3)看搭配:看需要及物动词还是不及物动词,推断的依据是横线后有没有介词。【例 1】全 国 1卷I(16)twelve shades of green from where I stand.A.match B.imagine C.count D.add【解析】作者站的地方,就能“数出”12种不同的“绿色。shade是指颜色的“浓淡深浅”。后面的“twelve shades.对应选C 项 count(数的数目)【例 2】全 国 1卷However,I soon 5 that much has changed since the days of
9、 disturbing reports of 6 amongtons of rubbish.A.discover B.argue C.decide D.advocate【解析】考查动词辨析 A.discover发觉;B.argue争辩;C.decide打算;D.advocate提倡。句意:然而,我很快发觉,自从那些令人担心的关于营地四周有成吨的垃圾的报道消失以来,状况发生了很大的变化。由 much has changed可知,作者发觉了很大的变化。故 A 选项切题。【例 3】全国2 卷Each day,27 kids The Thinking Laboratory.A.built B.ente
10、red C.decorated D.ran【解析】考查上下文联系。依据空格前的teaching elementary school以及空格后的Room 104可知,是进入了(enter)这个房间。build建筑;decorate装饰;run跑。方法二:前后照应:假如前面的方法都不能解题,就用“前后照应”解题。例 4重庆卷In some Middle Eastern countries,exposing your flesh is 33,especially if you are a woman.Soleave your tom jeans at home.A.forbidden B.allow
11、ed C.expected D.tolerated【解析】A 考察动词词义辨析和上下文串联。A 禁止;B 允许;C 期盼;D 容忍:句意:在一些中东国家,暴露皮肤是禁止的,尤其是女性。依据句意可知A 正确。蒙题法或检查大法:A B是反义选项二选一。【例 5】浙江卷When I got into college,things _ 4 0 _.I suddenly found myself out of class before noon time.Because of all.40.A.happened B.repeated C.changed D.mattered【解析】考查动词。依据下文 I
12、 suddenly found myself out of class before noon time.可知,作者上高校后发觉自己上午没课,与中学时状况大不一样,故应为changed。因此选C。难 点 1:双主语和双宾语【例 6】山东卷Excitement and family members_ 1the hall.A.filled B.visited D.attended【解析】本句句意应为 家人们挤满了演出大厅,大厅里布满了兴奋的心情,表 示”布满、挤 满 用 filled.例 7北京卷Not only was I stronger and more petent than I had
13、thought,but I also 16 a strong interestand a world I hadnt known existed.A.developed B.discovered C.took D.fostered【解析】考察动词。发觉了一项爱好和一个未知的世界,选 discovered.迷惑项是developed,这个词可以与interest连用表示形成了某种爱好,但是不行以与world连用表示”形成一个未知世界,”故排解。Take interest取利,foster培育,均不适宜。难 点 2:过程和结果的区分 manage 和其它词(如 try attempt)persua
14、de 和 其 它 词(如 advise suggest demand)find 和 其 它 词(seek search look for)【例 8】新课标二Joe _ 33 into a large crevasse(裂 缝)in the ice below.He had no food or water and he wasin terrible pain.Three days later,in the middle of the night,he heard Joes voice.Joe wasthere,a few meters from their tent,still alive.A
15、.managed B.planned C.waited D.hoped【解析】A.考查动词辨析及语境理解。A.managed管理;B.planned方案;C.w aited等待;D.hoped盼望。从下文可知Joe成功的爬回营地,活了下来。【例 9】安徽卷Arriving in the Sunshine State was rather tiring,but I 38 to catch a taxi to my acmodation andsettle in.A intended B.promised C.managed【解析】考查动词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是:A.准备,意图,B.容许,许诺
16、,C.设法,管理,D.值得,应当得到,依据上文的:Arnving in the Sunshine State was rather tiring:可知到达这个阳光之州是特别疲惫的,但是我还是设法赶上了 辆出租车,到我的目的地,安定下来,manage to do设法成功的做了.,所以选C。【例 10福建卷When he retired three years ago,he _ 46_ his church music director to take him as astudent.For a moment after my father sat down at the keyboard,.B.
17、invited C.inspired D.persuaded【解析】他说服教堂音乐主管收他为同学。persuade sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事。Allowed允许;invited 邀 请;inspired 鼓舞;persuaded 说服。【例 11】江苏卷She changed many things.She 9 my father to go to a dental school,from which he graduatedwith honors.A.begged B.persuaded C.ordered D.invited【解析】选 B 继母把我父亲说服了去上一个牙科学校
18、。2、名词题名词题方法总述方法一:前 后 照 应(90%)方法二:修 饰 成 分(10%)做名词题的优先级:先看修饰成分;再看前后照应。方法一、前后照应(90%)文中看到the a p p le,照应点在前面。(依据a 和 the的照应关系)横线的前面,即名词前没有a,也没有th e,照应点可以前,可以后。【例 1】全 国 1卷This view is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as(13)go through five ecosystems(生态系统)inthe space of a few kilometers.A.scientists B.cli
19、mbers C.locals D.officials考查名词复现。来到乞力马扎罗都是为了登山,也只有登山者能体验到五个生态系统。故 B项 climbers入选。【例 2】山东卷There was a pet store and the owner had a parrot.One day a walked in and the parrot said tothe man JHey you!The man said,What!?The parrot said,“Your wife is really ugly.”A.group B.team C.couple D.crowd【解析】考查推断。从后
20、文your wife.可知答案选couple.【例 3】天津卷I learned this lesson from a(n)_ 17_ many years ago.I took the head coaching job at a school inBaxley,Georgia.It was a small school with a weak football program.A.experiment B.experience C.visit D.show【解析】考查名词。依据句意,很多年前,我从个经受里学到这个道理。A 为试验,B 为经受,C 访问,D 节目。因此选B。【例 4】全国2
21、卷In 1973,1 was teaching elementary school.Each day,27 kids entered“The Thinking Laboratory.z,That was the 42 students voted for after deciding that”Room 104 was too dull.A.name B.rule C.brand D.plan【解析】考查上文语境。依据空格前的The Think Laboratory可知这是Room 104的名字(name),rule 规那么;brand 品牌;plan 方案。方法二、修 饰 成 分(相关成分)
22、10%(+介词短语)(+to do/doing/done)(+定语从句)【例 5】全国3 卷The post has since gained the _ 60_ of social media users all over the world,receiving more than184,000 shares and 61,500 likes in just three days.A.sympathy B.attention C.control D.trust【解析】依据 receiving more than 184,000 shares and 61,500 likes in just
23、three days 可知,这个帖子收到了来自世界各地很多人的共享和点赞,帖子获得了很多的关注,因此选attention。应选B。【例 6】全 国 1 卷.the absolute most important 56 that you learn when you play chess is how to make gooddecisions.A fact B step C manner D skill【解析】考查名词辨析。fact事实;step脚步;manner礼仪;skill技巧。依据句意,你在下棋的时候学会的最重要的技巧是如何做出好的选择。故答案选Do3、形容词、副词形副方法总述方法一:
24、感情颜色全都性方法二:前后照应做形容词副词题的优先级:先扫一眼选项,有正负的话,就不要先带入,先推断感情颜色的正负。假如感情颜色全都,就用方法二。上下文颜色中心颜色连词颜色变化方法二:前后照应法【例 1】全 国 1卷Hearing these stories,Im 4 about the place-other destinations are described as purernatural experiences.A.silent B.skeptical C.serious D.crazy【解析】考查形容词辨析。A.silent缄默的;B.skeptical疑心的;C.serious严厉
25、?的;D.crazy疯狂的。听到第段说的故事,我对于这座山是持什么态度呢?破折号后的other destinationsare described as“purer natural experiences是在解释破折号前面内容。由此可知,听到这些故事,我对这个地方产生了疑心其他旅游地被描述为“更纯粹”的自然体验。由下文可知,作者亲自来到了乞力马扎罗山,作者想解开这个疑心。故 B 选项切题。例 2新课标.they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window.They told her to stay 52until th
26、e emergency personnel arrived,.and she should not move.A.quiet B.still C.away D.calm【解析】考查形容词。依据本段末句she should nol move可知,Larry让这名女上不要动。Q uiet宁静的;still不动的;away远离的;calm镇静的:应 选 B。【例31天津卷It was a tradition for the schools old team to play against the _ 19_ team at the end of springpractice.The old team
27、 had no coach,and they didnt even practice to prepare for the game.19.A.successful B.excellent C.strong D.new【解析】考查形容词。依据句意,在春季训练结束后老队伍对垒新队伍是这个学校的传统。由第三段第三行Being the coach of the new team可知应选D。留意:感情颜色的方法同样适用于某些特殊的名词题,这些名词通常由形容词转化而来。如 happiness,sadness excitement 等。【例 4全国三卷In her _ 48_,she didnt seem
28、 to realize that she was sharing the babys photos with a pletestranger.A.opinion B.anxiety C.excitement D.effort【解析】依据上文overjoyed grandmother可知,当了祖母的Teresa特别冲动,因此excitement符合语境。应选C。4、连词题(1)两种考法:考察连词(填连词)。第 1 步:翻译上句,翻译下句。|第 2 步:|推断上下句全都o r 相反。(思索挨次:转折和递进,-因果,一并列)文章中给连词。(可用该连词题来解动词,名词等)第 1 步:推断连词的全都性或
29、相反性。第 2 步:在相应的关系下,进行选择。(2)连词的两种关系豪折关看I.although though even though even if whilebut yet however whereas-但是 still 仍旧 as钱包丢了,但是我很欢乐二钱包丢了,我 still很欢乐。2.unless(除非)你考不上高校,除非 你好好学习。3.祈使句+or(否那么)好好学习,”你考不上高校,4.时间先后提示规律上的相反关系before after不好好学习,我考上了好高校。你不能从图书馆借书,你有图书卡。(unless,after)5.rather than(而不是)我们宠爱好同学,坏同
30、学。adj.adv.ing/ed+as+主语+系动词(Young as he is.虽然他很年轻)最简洁错误的几个关系。I instead:全都关系上下句含有反义词的全都关系。赵老师没有放弃,赵老师更加努力。2、in fact事实上:全 都 o r 相反赵老师没有放弃,赵老师更加努力。赵老师很难看,他没有那么难看。(全都)(相反)关于 and 与 butA and Band连接句子,是全都关系,着重考虑两个动词的and前后是单词或短语,可以是全都,也可以是相反(同义、近义和反义词)【举例】探讨一下 的利an d 弊,/得 and失but前后肯定相反关系。但是需要填的词,可能是可能是同义,可能是
31、反义。原句:小王养金鱼,但 是(b u t)小李不养金鱼。题 1:小王养金鱼,但 是(b u t)小李 (填入的“不养金鱼”和 养金鱼”相反)题 2:小王养金鱼,但 是(but)不养金鱼。(填入的“小李和“小王”相近)【例 1】北京卷She had an unpleasant voice and a direct way of speaking,she was encouraging andinspiring.A.and B.yet C.so D.for【解析】考察连词及句子理解。前面unpleasant voice和 direct way of speaking是消极意向,后面encoura
32、ging和 inspiring是乐观意向,因此需填转折连词,四个选项中A 表并列,C 表结果,D 表缘由,只有B 选项yet表转折。【例 2】全国卷I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant.58 if there had been any talking,it wouldhave caused us to learn less.A.Lastly B.Thus C.Instead【解析】考查连词辨析及语境理解。A.Lastly最终,B.Thus因此,C.Instead代替的是,D.However然而。依据上下午文意思,instead和
33、 was not unpleasant对应。不是不快乐的,而是有关心的。应选C。【例 3】辽宁卷Then I told her about the business meeting._ 4 7,my explanation seemed to make things worse,which started to drive me mad as well.A.Ho we ver B.Therefore C.Moreover D.Otherwise【解析】A 考查副词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是:A.然而,B.因此,C.还有,D.否那么,依据下文的内容,my explanation seemed t
34、o make things worse,作者的解释让事情更糟,所以和前面的句子是转折关系,所以选A。【例 4】新课标I thought to myself,how even without an arm he was more of a leader.Damaged but not defeated,he was 38 ahead of me.A.still B.also C.yet D.just【解析】考查副词辨析。“我心想,没有手臂,他更像个领袖。still仍旧;also也;yel然而、还没:just刚刚、仅仅。Damaged but not defeated,Miller虽然受伤J,但不
35、会被战胜,作者认为Miller仍旧是最强的,应选A。【例 5】全国三卷When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person,we usually saysorry,wrong number!”and move on.But when Dennis Williams _ 42 a text that clearlywasnt intended fbr him,he did something _ 43_.42.A.received B.translated C.copied D.printed【解析
36、】依据文章下文Dennis got a group text可知,丹尼斯收到了一条群发短信,receive与 get在此意思相同。应选A。例 6天津卷Now I may still not be the most 18,social person,but Ive bee better at oral presentations.I 19 read my poetry out loud at a reading club.A.serious B.outgoing C.nervous D.hardworking【解析】考查形容词辨析。依据文章,现在我的性格可能不是最为外向的那个,因此用outgoi
37、ng【例 7全国一Yet instead of being discouraged by my 54 progress,!was excited.A.slow B.steady C.normal D.obvious【解析】考查形容词辨析及语境理解。A.Slow慢的,B.Steady稳定的,C.Normal正常的,D.Obvious明显的。依据上文作者仅仅学会对手语字母表打手势,因此是缓慢的进步,应选A。【例8】天津卷That summer,When the other teams enjoyed their vacations,we met every day and28passing and
38、 kicking the football.28.A.risked B.missed C.considered D.practiced【解析】考查动词。依据句意,我们每天都聚集在一起并且练习传球和踢球。A 冒险,B 错过,思念,C 考虑,认为,D 练习。因此选D。【例9】天津卷I felt that it would be a _ 31for us even if we lost the game.A.shame B.burden C.victory D.favor【解析】考查名词。依据句意,最终我们遇到了这个州的第一名。我觉得即使我们输掉了竞赛,对我们而言也是一个成功。A 惭愧,B 负担,C
39、 成功,D 关心,喜好。因此选C。【例10】北京卷Sometimes Id get 45 and take a shot at the wrong direction-which made me feel reallystupid.A mitted B.motivated C.embarrassed D.confused【解析】考查形容词。我们看到下文中消失了 wrong和 stupid这两个明显表示负态度的形容词,因此可以排解A(坚决的)、B(有动力的)D(困惑的)都属于负面态度。依据语境,考虑到动作的挨次,“我 应当是先感到困惑,然后投篮投错了方向,而不是先感到为难,再投错方向,因此选D。
40、5、短语题(1)短语题的定义【形式】核心理解:动词+介词/副词短语题定义:不等于两局部的简洁叠加,肯定要发生变化。【留意】介词/副词在动词短语中表示“方向或关系。高效率的背词组,按介词和副词来背。go to cut dow n不是短语题中的短语,cut u p 是短语,由于cut up(切碎)#ut+up(2)解题步骤第 1 步:翻译空格前后的内容,猜测此处的最正确汉语意思。(穷尽原那么)第 2 步:看各个选项中的介词o r 副词,看哪个副词o r介词能够反映最正确汉语意思。(最起码要做到不冲突,排解干扰选项12)第 3 步:看选项中的动词,看哪个动词能够反映最正确汉语意思。(3)必备学问:各
41、个介词的含义(8 个)up down带 ON词组:持续,连续,在某方面,关于,接触。get on(get off)put on(put off)带 OFF别离,结束,开头set off(开头动手)为什么结束和开头,哲学的角度:一件事情的结束,就是另外一件事情的开头。带 OUT向外,超越,发生,消失,出来,开头UP向上,到达,消失Over结束,超越;贯穿和经受for支持;为了;持续to/toward到达;相对against反对;相对,对应on offfor agaistat toover out【例 1】全 国 1卷I_idea of the class.A put forward Bjump
42、at Ctried out Dturn down第 1 步:我产生,消失,提出,蹦出,涌现出一个想法第 2 步:看副词和介词:ABC可以。第 3 步:看动词:B 选项【例 2】北京卷At the state petition,Lola didnt fall _ 47_ the beam(平衡木).In fact,she got an 8.1 out of 10-her highest score yet.A.to B.on C.off D.against【解析】小女孩没有掉下来,而 fan off意为“从掉下来。例 3江苏卷Raynor Winn and her husband Moth be
43、came homeless due to their wrong investment.Theirsavings had been 36 to pay lawyers fees.A.drawn up B.used up C.backed up D.kept up【解析】考查动词短语。依据上下文可知他们的钱全部用来付律师费了。usedup用光、用完,drawn up拉起,backed up支持,kept up连续。故答案选B。【例 4】天津卷Kate heard a mans voice in the background,but she couldntA.set aside B.take ba
44、ck C.make out D.keep offwhat he was saying.【解析】此题考查动词词组辨析。句意:凯特听到背景中有一个男人的声音,但她听不清他在说什么。set aside”存储,留 出 ;take back”收回,拿 回 ;make out”识别出,理解,了 解 ;keep off1(使)避开“。应选C。假如仅仅凭借动词就可以做出来的题目,就认为是动词题,不作为动词短语题来解答【例 5】天津卷The old team had no coach,and they didnt even practice to _ 20_ the game.A.cheer for B.pre
45、pare for C.help with D.finish with【解析】考查动词词组。依据句意,老队没有教练,他们甚至不练习去为这个竞赛做预备。A 欢呼,B 预备,C 关心,D 结束。因此选B四、篇章结构解题法1、文章U 型结构解题记叙文:两种类型u 型,直线型u 型:首段提出问题中间经过困难和挫折最终皆大高兴或者有教育意义全 国 二 卷(中间段)Getting a little(closer),I realized one kayak(皮划艇)was in _ 4 7.Somethings not_ 4 8 _!”47.A.trouble B.advance C.question D.b
46、attle48.A.real B.right C.fair D.fit【解析】47 题考查名词。依据后文作者出手相救,可知这只皮艇此时有危急,因此选A。48题考查形容词。由于感觉有危急,因此说的是状况不对了,选 B。天 津 卷(最终一段)A year later,I 19 my goal:I lost 150 pounds and raised$50,000!I feel that Ive been given asecond life to devote to something that is 20 and enormous.19.A.set B.reached C.missed D.dr
47、opped20.A.stressful B.painful C.meaningful D.peaceful【解析】19题考查动词。文中意为到达目标,应当用reach ihc g o a l,应选B。20 题考查形容词。文中I feel that Pve been given a second life to devote to something thatis and enormous我感觉我被赐予了其次次生命来致力于有意义并且大的事情。A 紧急的,B 苦痛的,C 有意义的,D 和平的,故 C 符合题意。2、分段首句出题分段首句出题,除了采纳词性解题法外,还有一种选择可以采纳总分对比法,即整段
48、其他题目做完后,再总结。【例 1全 国 1The following term,I 56 an ASL class.The professor was deaf and any talking wasprohibited.I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant.Instead,if there had been anytalking,it would have caused us to learn less.Now,I appreciate the silence and the newway of munication it o
49、pens.56.A.missed B.passed C.gave up D.registered fbr【解析】考查动词辨析及语境理解。A.Missed错过,B.Passed通过,C.gave up放弃,D.registered for报名。依据下文作者报名参与了这个课程。应选D。3、谈论文和说明文(首段为文章中心)解此类文章的三个技巧:文章首段首句一般不出题(文章中心)。*假如出题,也是后半句:假如不是中心,会有一个b u t,依据规律关系可以推出。分段首句出题:总分对比(看首首+看后面);看后文。任何一题不会做,回过头来看首句。4、记叙文:花 朵 文(传播主旋律、价值观、正能量)1.跳读首
50、尾句进行猜测一般来讲,高考完形填空的首、尾句通常是不挖空的。先跳读这两句,便可推断体裁,猜测它要讲什么。假设首句交代了 when,where,who,w h a t,即四个W,那么就是记叙文,很可能就是一个故事;假设首句是提出或解释说明某事物,一般来说是说明文;假设首句提出一个论点,那么就是谈论文。首句往往开宗明义,是文章的主题。细读首句可启示全文。而尾句又往往是对文章主题的总结。所以,它们是了解文章大意的一个窗口,对我们理解全文有着重要的启示作用。Evelyn Glennie was the first lady of solo percussion in Scotland.In an in