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1、代词代词(Pronouns)(Pronouns)(pron.)pron.)人称代词(主格；宾格)物主代词(形容词性；名词性)反身代词 myself;themselves指示代词 this;that;these;those疑问代词 Who looks after the baby?关系代词 He is the man who often helps others.不定代词 some;any;other;another;something;everyboby人称代词(主格/宾格)主格+动词+宾格 He asks me.We help them.主格 宾格单数1 I me2 you you3 he/
2、she/it hem/her/it复数1 we us2 you you3 they theme.g.I will try my best to do the work.You,he and I all enjoy music.排列次序：you and I;you and he;you,he and I;we and they;we,you and theye.g.We often go to see her on Sundays.(宾语)She gave me some water.(间接宾语)I dont want to go with them.(介宾)-Who is it?-Its me
3、.(表语)He is taller than me.He is taller than I(am).物主代词(形容词性/名词性)They are their shoes.The shoes are theirs.形容词性 名词性单数1 my mine2 your yours3 his/her/its his/hers/its复数1 our ours2 your yours3 their theirse.g.He put on his hat and left.I saw it with my own eyes.形容词性物主代词与own 连用时表示强调His father is a doctor
4、.Mine is a driver.Take your textbook with you.Ill take mine.反身代词:myself ourselves yourself yourselves himself herself itself themselvesenjoy oneselfhelp oneself tolook after oneselfteach oneselfspeak to oneselfall by oneselfe.g.I can look after myself.We can do it all by ourselves.Help yourselves to
5、 some cakes.He taught himself to learn French.指示代词:this,that,these,thoseThis is my mother.Those are his books.注:that,those 可以用来代替前面已提到过的名词以避免重复The population in India is larger than that in Japan.疑问代词:what,who,whose,whichWhat is the population?Who did you see in the party?With whom did you go?Which
6、is the way to the hospital?Whose shirt is this?Whose is this shirt?关系代词:who,that,whichThe plane which is flying is made in China.She is the girl who swims quite fast.不定代词1.some,any+可数不可数 一般情况，some 用在肯定句；any 用在否定句和疑问句。当some 用在疑问句，表示邀请、请求、建议等；any 用在肯定句表示任何一个 Some people like pop music.（肯）He went to so
7、me place in Europe.“某个”May I have some water?(请求)Why dont you take some apples?(建议)Do you have any questions?(疑)There isnt any tea left.I ll go and make some for you.(否)You can ask me any question at any time.(任何一个)2.both,bothand,all,Both of them didnt go there.Both Mary and Tom are good at English.
8、All the apples are picked by us.3.neither,neithernor either,eitheror Either the twins or Jim likes going with us.Neither he nor I am interested in reading.Either of them sings very well.Neither of them has come yet.I agree with neither of you.4.few,a few,little,a little There are only a few potatoes
9、 in the fridge.There are few potatoes in the fridge.We must go to buy some.Dont worry,we still have a little time left.There is only a little water in the bottle.Hurry up,there is little time left.5.many,much I have many friends,but he just has much money.6.every,each Each 强调“各个”,具有名词、形容词的性质,every 强
10、调全体,只具有形容词的作用 There are flowers on _ side of the street.each_ in your class has a red star in the game._ classroom is clean and tidy.(All the classrooms are)EachEvery7.other,another,others,the others,another:“(三者或三者以上）另一个”,用来代替和修饰单数名词This shirt is too long.Please show me another.other:“两者之间另一个”oneth
11、e otherothers=other(people)泛指the others=the other(people)特指There are two bottles.One is full,the other is empty.He held a pen in one hand and a notebook in the other.You must help others.(other people)You must help the others in your class.(the other students)8.No“不是”“没有”There are no apples in the f
12、ridge today.(=not any)He has no brother.(=not a)No smoking!No parking!9.none;no one None of my classmates failed in the exam.No one in our class failed in the exam.10.合成不定代词 some,any,no 和one,-body,-thing 可组成以下合成不定代词:somebody,anybody,nobody,everybody,something,anything,nothing,everythingsomeone,anyone,no onee.g.Someone is knocking at the door.Do you need anything else?11.itIt is raining heavily.It is already five oclock.It is a long way from here.It took us four years to write this book.