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1、职称英语理工B阅读理解历年真题【优秀3篇】职称英语理工类b级考试真题 篇一第1部分：词汇选项（第115题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1 个意义最为接近的选项。1、 Joe came to the window as the crowd chanted, “ joe,joe,joe!A.jumpedB.repeatedC.maintainedD.approached答案为:A本题解析:A chant这个词的意思是“唱”，尤其是“反复、单调地唱或吟诵”。 本句中说窗外的人群反复呼喊Joe的名字，所以这里可以用repeat替代chant2、
2、What puzzles me is why his books are so popular.A.confusesB.shocksC. influencesD. concerns答案为:C本题解析:C puzzle作动词用的意思是“感到不解、迷惑。句子的意思是: 令我不解的是为什么他的书如此受欢迎。动词confuse恰好和puzzle同义，而 且用法也相同3. The storm caused severe damage.A.physicalB.accidentalC.environmentalD. serious答案为:A本题解析:A severe有“严厉的、严重的”多种意义。severe
3、 damage是严 重破坏，故可用serious代替。又如：severe criticism严厉批评、severe situation 严峻的形势、severe winter 严冬、severe loss 严重损失、severe teacher严厉的老师4. Our aim was to the health service, and we succeeded.A.offerB.modernizeC.provideD. fund案为:A5. Her comments about men are utterly ridiculous.A.slightlyA. History books.B. T
4、he Wright brothers'sculpture.C. First practical airplanes built in the late 19th century.D. Leonardo da vinci's bird-like flying machines.38、 What happened after the Wright brothers'success?A. People carried out a systematicB. People studied more animals andstudy on pigeons.plants to dev
5、elop the airplane.C. People cound fly their airplane for fun.D. People kept their airplane at a French gallery.39、 Which of the following in true about the research carried out by the US Army?A. It has changed our life.B. It has cost a large sum of money.C. It has improved the abilities of tanks.D.
6、It has not succeeded yet.40 What does the writer want to tell in the passage?A. Many inventions get ideas from nature.B. Some animals possess unique skills.C. People should protect nature.D. Bionics is far from perfect.36 A 根据第段第句：。but most animals possess skills we can only dream of having.37 D根据第二
7、段最后一句。A和B没有提到。C的叙述恰好与原文相反。38 C根据第三段最后两句：一个例子是对海鸥的研究，另一个例子是对梧桐 树种子的研究。39 B 最后一段第一句 yet to be invented 和最后一句中 if we could achieve that都说明了该研究还没有成功。A和D显然不对，C则没有提及。40 B A只涉及第一段；C根本没有提及；D只涉及最后一段。整篇文章都在 论述人类从自然中所获灵感，进而产生了新发明第三篇Life Form Found on Saturn's TitanScientists say they have discovered hints
8、of alien life on the Saturn' s moon. The discovery of a sort of life was announced after researchers at the US space agency, NASA, analyzed data from spacecraft Cassini, which pointed to the existence of methane-based form of life on Saturn's biggest moon.Scientists have reportedly discovere
9、d clues showing primitive alien beings arebreathing in Titan' s dense atmosphere filled with hydrogen.They argue that hydrogen gets absorbed before hitting Titan's planet-like surface covered with methane lakes and rivers. This,they say, points to the existence of somebugs consuming the hydr
10、ogen at the surface of the moon less than half the size of the Earth.We suggested hydrogen consumption because it' s the obvious gas for life to consume on Titan, similar to the way we consume oxygen on Earth, saysNASA scientist Chris McKay. If these signs do turn out to be a sign of life, it wo
11、uld be doubly exciting because it would represent a second form of life independent from water-based life on Earth.To date, scientists have not yet detected this form of life anywhere, though there are 1 iquid-water-based microorganisms on Earth that grow well on methane or produce it as a waste pro
12、duct. On Titan, where temperatures are around 90 Kelvin (minus 290 degrees Farenheit) , a methanebased organism would have to use a substance that is liquid as its medium for living processes, but not water itself. Water is frozen solid on Titan' s surface and much too cold to support life as we
13、 know it.Scientists had expected the Sun's interactions with chemicals in the atmosphere to produce a coating of acetylene on Titan' s surface. But Cassini detected no acetylene on the surface.The absence of detectable acetylene on the Titan' s surface can very well have a non-biological
14、 explanation, said Mark Allen, a principal investigator of the NASA Titan team.Scientific conservatism suggests that a biological explanation should be the last choice after all non-biological explanations are addressed, Allen said. We have a lot of work to do to rule out possible non-biological exp
15、lanations. It is more likely that a chemical process, without biology,can explain these results.41 o What do scientists claim to have found about Saturn?A. Water-based life on it.B. Methane-based life on its biggest moon.C. A new moon moving around it.D. Earthlike life on its biggest moon.42 Which o
16、f the following statements about Titan is true?A. It is as large as the Earth.B. There is acetylene on its surface.C. Water on it acts as a life supporting medium.D. Hydrogen consumption is reported to be on it.43 The expression this form of life in paragraph 5 refer to?A. Water-based life.B. oxygen
17、-based life.C. Methane-based life.D. Liquid-based microorganisms.44 It can be inferred from Mark Allen's address thatA. Scientists are trying to confirm these is life on Titan.B. Scientists agree that a chemical process is a convincing explanation.C. Scientists share the opinion that a biologica
18、l explanation is reasonable.D. Scientists are arguing over whether there is life on Titan.45、 Which of the following can replace the title of this passage? A o A different Life Form, a Possibility.B. Earthlike Living Beings Found on Titan.C. Finding of One More Moon of Saturn's.D. Titan, a New S
19、atellite Discovered.41 D 根据第一段最后一句：。.。data. o . which pointed to the existence of methane (甲烷)-based form of life on Saturn' s biggest moon.42 C第二、三、四段说明土星上的生命可能靠氢气生存。A根本没有提及, 根据第六段最后一句可以看出B正好与事实相反；第五段最后两句指出水不是支 撑生命的媒介，所以D是错误的。43 C |艮据上段最后句：o . o because it wou 1 d represent a second form of lif
20、e independent from water-based life on Earth.这表明 A 是不对的。 根据全文来看，B和D也与本文不符。44 B 本文最后一段中。.o after all non-biological explanations are addressed, o . a lot of work to do.。,可以看出，C 和 D 肯定与 Mark Allen 的话相悖，A没有提到。45 A全文都在讨论一种可能性。不能肯定外星人就像地球人，因此B不对。 C和D也与原文不符。第5部分补全短文Voice Your Opinion: Change Is Needed in
21、Youth SportsEverywhere you look, you see kids bouncing a basketball or waving a tennis racquet (网球拍)。 And these kids are getting younger and younger. In some countries, children can compete on basketball, baseball, and volleyball teams starting at age nine. (46) And swimming and gymnastics classes b
22、egin at age four, to prepare children for competition.It' s true that a few of these kids will develop into highly skilled athletes and may even become members of the national Olympic teams. (47) This emphasis on competition in sports is having serious negative effects.Children who get involved
23、in competitive sports at a young age often grow tired of their sport. Many parents pressure their kids to choose one sport and devote all their time to it. (48) But 66 percent of the young athletes wanted to play more than one sport-for fun.Another problem is the pressure imposed by over-competitive
24、 parents and coaches. Children are not naturally competitive. In fact, a recent study by Paulo David found that most children don't even understand the idea of competition until they are seven years old. (49)The third, and biggest, problem for young athletes is the lack of time to do their homew
25、ork, have fun, be with friends-in short, time to be kids. When they are forced to spend every afternoon at sports practice, they often start to hate their chosen sport. A searchers found that 70 percent of kids who take part in competitive sports before the of twelve quit before they turn eighteen.
26、(50) Excessive competitive away all the enjoyment.Need to remember the purpose of youth sports - to give kids a chance to have developing strong, healthy bodies.A. But what about the others, the average kids?B. The youth soccer organization has teams for children as young as five.C. A survey found t
27、hat 79 percent of parents of young athletes wanted their children concentrate on one sport.D.Very young kids don't know why their parents are pushing them so hard.E.Sports for children have two important purposes.F. Many of them completely lose interest in sports.46 D注意这个空格前后的句子都是和小孩参加体育竞赛的低龄化有关
28、的，所 以这个空格里的句子很有可能还是讲孩子过小就参与到体育竞赛里去。果然，在 六个选项中的D就是讲青年足球组织居然有由5岁大的孩子组成的球队。47 F前面一句话讲的是这些孩子中可能有部分人会发展成为优秀的运动员， 甚至成为国家奥运队的成员，后面一句话在语义上很有可能出现转折，即大部分 人却未必如此。选项F句子开头的but恰恰表明了这一期待中的转折。48 A空格后面的以but开头的句子提供了很好的启示。那句话说的是66%的 小运动员希望参与多种运动项目，所以前面的那句话极有可能说的是和这一句相 反的内容，果然，这些孩子父母的想法和他们不同，他们希望自己的孩子专攻一 项运动。49 C前面讲的是小
29、孩天生并没有竞争性，7罗以前他们都不懂什么是竞争， 所以太小的孩子不会理解自己的爸爸妈妈为什么要对他们施加那么大的压力。50 B这一段的中心是过早参与到竞技运动中去会使孩子失去兴趣，空格前面 的一句说的是在1 2岁前就参与竞技的孩子中有70%在18岁前放弃，接着说“他 们中许多人对运动完全失去了兴趣(Many of them completely lose interest in sports)”就十分自然、合理。第6部分完形填空Climate Change Poses Major Risks for Unprepared CitiesA new examination of urban po
30、licies has been carried out recently by Patricia Romero Lankao. She is a sociologist specializing in climate change and 51 development. She warns that many of the world's fast-growing urban areas, especially in developing countries, will likely suffer from the 52 of changing climate. Her work al
31、so concludes that most cities are failing to 53 emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. These gases are known to affect the atmosphere.Climate change is a deeply local issue and poses profound 54 to the growing cities of the world, says Romero Lankao. But too few cities are developin
32、g effective strategies to protect their residents.Cities are 55 sources of greenhouse gases. And urban populations are likely to be among those most severely affected by future climate change. Lankao's findings highlight ways in which city-residents are particularly vulnerable, and suggest polic
33、y interventions that could offer immediate and longer-term 56 。The locations and dense construction patterns of cities often place their populations at greater 57 for natural disasters. Potential threats associated with climate include storm surges and prolonged hot weather. Storm surges can flood c
34、oastal areas and prolonged hot weather can heat58 paved cities more than surrounding areas. The impacts of such natural events can be more 59 in an urban environment. For example, a prolonged heat wave can increase existing levels of air pollution , causing widespread health problems. Poorer neighbo
35、rhoods that may 60 basic facilities such as drinking water or a dependable network of roads, are especially vulnerable to natural disasters. Many residents in poorer countries live in substandard housing 61 access to reliable drinking water, roads and basic services.Local governments, therefore , sh
36、ould take measures to 62 their residents. Unfortunately, they tend to move towards rhetoric 63 meaningful responses, Romero Lankao writes, They don't impose construction standards that could reduce heating and air conditioning 64 。 They don' t emphasize mass transit and reduce automobile use
37、. In fact, many local governments are taking a hands-off approach. 65 , she urges them to change their idle policies and to take strong steps to prevent the harmful effects of climate change on cities.51. A urban B industrial C economic D rural52. A occasions B impacts C routines D connections53. A
38、reduce B increase C study D measure54. A threats B interests C implications D differences55. A major B repeatable C doubeful D useful56. A signs B benefits C chances D planes57. A cost B moment C risk D speed58. A locally B heavily C suddenly D mildly59. A standard B meaningful C serious D friendly6
39、0. A provide B lack C D improve61. A with B without C in D on62. A identify B educate C protect D evaluate63. A less than B rather than C more than D better than64. A needs B wastes C areas D resources65. A Still B However C Moreover D Thus解析51、A 本句中的 climate change 和 industrial development 有关。52 D本
40、句中应是changing climate带来的影响（impact）。53、A根据上下文，应是“减少二氧化碳的排放”。54 B pose a threat to是固定搭配,意为：给带来威胁。55、D根据句意，所有选项中只有major和sources搭配合适。56、A根据上下文，政策干预会带来短期的和长期的效益（benefit）o57 C place （put） o . at risk是固定搭配，意为：把置于风险之中58、D heavily paved cities意思是被钢筋、水泥覆盖的城市。59 B根据上下文,impact应和serious措配。60 A根据本句开头poorer neighbo
41、rhoods可以断定lack是唯一的选择。61 B without access to reliable drinking water 的意思是不能获得可 靠的饮用水。62、C根据上下文，政府要保护居民。63、D 用 unfortunately 表示转折，rhetoric 和 meaningful response 并列, 所以可以判断other than （而不是）为正确答案。64 A根据上下文，air conditioning只能和needs搭配。65、C上下句是因果关系，Thus （因此）是正确的。职称英语理工类b级考试真题 篇二1、He in the army for ten year
42、s, and he retired last year.A) has servedB) had servedC) servedD) had been servingE) I don t think this room will be big enough to all the guests.A) containB) holdC) keepD) swallow3、 An iron and steel works, with several satellite factories, in that city now.A) is builtB) is being builtC) were built
43、D) are being built4、Hospital doctors don t go out very often as the work takes their time.A) awayB) overC) inD) up5、 The teacher doesnt permit in class.A) smokeB) smokesC) to have a smokeD) smoking二、填空题：6、What a (self) girl you are; let the other children share your toys.7、A few simple (modify) to t
44、his work would greatly improve it.8、I ve been reading a mystery story. Many (mystery)events took place in it.9、He looks rather (elder) with grey hair.10 By the end of 2010, she （be）in Beijing for 4 years.三、阅读题：Thus far, there is little evidence to suggest that technology will reduce inequality; inde
45、ed it may only intensify inequality. Technology is costly and it is generally impossible to introduce advances to everyone at the same time. So who gets this access first? As we travel further and further along the electronic frontier through advances such as telecommuting （在家办公）and the Internet, th
46、e poor may be isolated from mainstream society in an information ghetto （贫民窟） 。Drawing on a survey, the Census Bureau （国家调查局） estimated that only 6.8 percent of households earning less than $ 10,000 had home computers, compared to 61. 7 percent of those with incomes of $ 75, 000 or more. This issue
47、goes beyond individual interest or lack of interest in computers.The technological advances of the present and future may not be equally beneficial to men and women. Many studies have shown that computer games, which serve as an important means of early socialization to computers, typically involve
48、sports or skills associated with the traditional male role. As a result computers camps have become mainly male settings.Like money, food, and other resources, technology is unevenly distributed within societies and throughout the world. The technology gap is widening rather than narrowing. Although nations are exchanging technical data more freely than before, critical technology transfer is often kept back. The technology exported to developing countries may be poorly suite