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1、【通用版】2023年中考英语常考必背语法知识点梳理汇编常考字母组合发音口诀：住/与/史/字母a,大口 /田/；字母e,小口 /e/；Many, any特殊记；ea组合看前面。(如bread, ea组合与字母e发音保持一致/e/)注意say和said的发音。says中ay的发音为/ei/, said中ai的发音均为/e/A crowd gathered outside the hotel. Which of the following is corrected for the underlined word in the sentence?A) /ga:dod/) /gaedod/C) /gei
2、dod/D) /gedod/不定冠词a u(b, c)a universitya housea European citya one-yuan stamp定冠词the sunthe tallest boythe poorthe girl in red零冠词basketballTom, monitor of Class Threenext week注意区分Lesson Oneby busin redan f (h, 1, m, n, r, s, x, a, e, I, o)an unclean honest boyan empty rooman 8-year-old boythe pianoth
3、e first daythe Great Wallthe high jumpsupperat schoolmy other handthe First lessonon a busin a red coatreach/get/arrive home sb spends time in doing sthsb spends time on sthit takes sb time to do sthsb pays money for sthsb spends money on sthsb buys sth for moneysth costs moneyit costs sb money to d
4、o sthhow much is.=how much does.costput on a pair of glasseswear a red T-shirthave a coat ondress sb in a red coatbe dressed in a red coat=wear a red coat look for a book in the roomfind a mistakefind out who broke the windowdiscover a new starinvent the first watchlisten to the reporthear the newsl
5、ook at the blackboardsee a UFOread a card/mapwatch a mathvisit/call on a friendbring the book when you come here take the book when you go there fetch some watercarry fifty passengerscarry much watersay somethingsay it/this/thatsay a word/a few wordssay good morning to sbsay(to sb)thatwhat did you s
6、ay at the meeting tell the time/the way/the differencetell a story/the truth/the newstell sb about the book/his work/lifetell sb to do sthtall sb thattalk about sthspeak Englishspeak at the meetingspeak to sb about sthare you going to speak at the meetingwhat are you going to say at the meetingI wil
7、l have to find a room to live in he runs too fast for anyone to keep up withused to do sthbe used to do sthbe used to doing sth情态动词may I watch TVno, you mustn!t/may notmust I do the workno, you needn*tmust bemay becant be注意need的用法needs sthneeds to dodont need to doneednt do在以下动词后要用doingfinish, enjoy
8、, mind, keep, do some.在以下动词后要用to dowould like, want, begin, start ,hope, decide.介词时间at eight, at present, at the moment地点at home, at school, at the airport 时间in the morning, in spring, in the late afternoon in a minute, in the futurein no time, in ones fifties地点in the factory, in the city, in the fo
9、restin the world, in space时间on Friday, on weekdays on time地点on the farm, on the right, on the wallon one*s side, on ones way其他over the head above the headbetween the two, along the river注意区分besides除以外。此外（加法）except除以外，此外（减法）besides Tom, Jack also went fishingexcept Tom, we all went fishingin addition
10、另外，此外还不用介词this evening that morningthese days all days one morningone day last week next Tuesday注意以下介词的用法time for, money for, ticket for, wish for ambition for, postage for, visit to way to, entrance to, key to, answer to 感叹词what a clever boy he is二hoe clever the boy is what nice weather it is=how n
11、ice the weather is what beautiful flowers=how beautiful the flower are what important information it is what interesting news it is what useful advice he gave us what good work he has done what great fun it is to fly a kite here what an interesting news report it is what a great help it is to know E
12、nglish what a quick lunch he has had what a happy life we are living what a heavy rain we had last night 反意疑问句 there is little time left, is there she rarely/seldom/never does it, does she let*s go home, shall we let us go home, will you please go and buy me a pencil, will you I don*t think he will
13、come, will he she doesnt think he will come, does he he failed/disliked /disagreed.didnft he he is told not to.isnt he he is unhappy ,isnt he 宾语从句 would you please tell me if he will come tonight I wonder if/whether it will rain tomorrow whats the matter?whats wrong?whats your trouble whats your nam
14、e? be not sure二if/whether状语从句we will hold a meeting when Mr Lee comes back he will phone us if he comes tomorrow we shall go on with the game if the rain stops 划线提问twenty minutes* walk how far twenty miles an hour how fast in twenty minutes how soon for twenty minutes how long since 1998 how long/si
15、nce/when until 9 oclock how long/until when at 8 oclock what timeduring summer holidays when once a week how often English what language to do why/what.fbr 保持句意不变didnt .until=did .when./.did.afterwork harder, and you will make much progress get up now, or you will miss the early busif you dont get u
16、p now, you will miss the early bus unless you get up now, you will miss the early bus there are many trees on either side of the square there are many trees on both sides of the street there are many trees on all sides of the square you must stay until your mother comes back you can!t leave until yo
17、ur mother comes back asked when he would leave for the city by bike asked when to cycle to the cityasked when he would go to the city by bike go to school on foot=walk to schoolgo to school by bus=take a bus to school=leave for school by bus go home by bike=ride a bike homego to the factory in a hur
18、ry=hurry to the factorydo me a favor=give me a handgo to Shanghai by plane=fly to/take a plane to Shanghaihave a word with sb=talk to sbbe proud of 二take pride ingo/walk across二cross be located in=lie in=stand inask sb to do=have sb do二have sth donespend ones holiday in=go to.for one*s holiday瞬间动词与状
19、态性动词的转换the film began ten minutes ago二 the film has been on for ten minuteshe joined the army two years ago=he has been in the army for two years she became a teacher three years ago =she has been a teacher for three years he borrowed a book a week ago =he has kept the book for a week he died two da
20、ys ago=he has been dead for two dayshe left Shanghai last year=he has been away from Shanghai for a year表示提建议的五种方式why not do.why dont you do.what about doing.how about doing.youd better do.主谓一致问题1 .谓语动词要用复数的词people, the police, the+adj. both.and2 .谓语动词要用单数的词时间和金钱数量做主语a. three days is too short for m
21、e to finish the jobb. three days have passed since he died in the accident3 .就近原则either or.,neither.nor, not only.but also.,there be.4 .舍近求远原则as well as together with, along with, but, except, with5 .分数及其他部分词做代词时，单复数根据指代的名词决定 three-fourths of the earth is made up water, and the rest is land 注意区分a. t
22、he/a singer and dancer isb. the /a singer and the /a dancer isc. the number of.isd. a number of. are语言功能W me 无 me一Would you like to do.?一Yes, T d love to.一Fd love to, but.提供吃喝的Would you like ./me to bring .?一Yes, please. /No, thanks.提供帮助的一Would you like me to do.?一Thats kind of you.-Would you like m
23、e to bring you some iced juice?A) Of course not. B) Its my pleasure.C) Yes, Td like to. D) Yes, please.1. The case is very heavy, Miss Wu. Would you like me to carry it for you?A) With pleasure. B) No, you neednt.C) Yes, Id love to. D) Its very kind of you.2. 一 Would you like me to bring you a cup o
24、f coffee?A) Yes, Td like to. B) Its a pleasure.C) Yes, pleaseD) It doesnt matter.3. A: Would you like to join us in the picnic?B:.A) Not at all.B) I dont think so.C) rd like to, but I cant. D) Its very kind of you.With pleasure 与 My pleasure 的区别未帮助：With pleasure (未帮忙用with)道谢时：My pleasure = Its a ple
25、asure (别人对你道谢时)一Thank you for coming to see me off.A) Im fine. B) My duty.C) Nice to see you off. D) My pleasure.Will you help me with the luggage? Its too heavy.A) With pleasure. B) Never mind. C) Not at all.D) Thats right.功能句A： Whats the date todayB: Its May 17,1998C: What day is todayD: Ifs Monda
26、yA: Would you like an appleB:Yes please/thank you/no, thanksA: Would you like me to help youB： Yes please/yes, thank youA： Would you like to go to me birthdayB: Id like toA: Would /can/could you help me.B:A11 right/certainly/sure/yes, of course/no problemA:Pm sorryB: Thats all right/ not at all/it d
27、oesnt matter/never mindA:Thank youC: You are welcome/not at all/dont mention it/its my pleasureA: Would you mind doing.B:Of course not/certainly not/Fm afraid I would/ not at allA:CongratulationsB: Thank youA: You look so beautiful today/you speak very good English B:Thank you/its very kind of you t
28、o say soA:Happy birthdayB: Thank youA: Happy new yearB:Thank you/ the same to youA:Shall I do.fbr youB:Yes please/no you neednVno, thanksA:Let*s.,shall weB:Thatfs a good ideaA: Youd better.B: Yes, I will, thank youA: May I use your.B:Sure/certainly/of course/here you areA:Here*s a present for youB:T
29、hank you, its lovely常考同义词组agree with sb. have the same idea / opinion with同意某人的观,电、意见2. apologize to sb./ say sorry to sb./make an apology to sb. 因而向某人道歉3. arrive at/ in some place/ get to some place/reach some place 至U达某土也4. at last / in the end / finally 最后5. at once / immediately / in no time 立亥i
30、j, 马上6. be able to do sth./ manage to do sth.有能力做某事；7. be unable to do/ fail to do 未能做某事8. be aged 30/be 30 years old30 岁9. be bad for / be harmful to / do harm to 对有害10. be different from / (not) be the same as 与不同11. be interested in /show/ take/ have interest in 对感兴趣的12. be made up of / consist o
31、f 由组成13. be pleased with/ be satisfied with 对感到满意14. be responsible for / be in charge of /take charge of 对负责15. belong to sb.be ones属于某人；是某人的16. by oneself / alone / personally / on ones own 单独地独自地17. care for take care of / look after / like / love / enjoy 关心；照顾/喜爱18. come to an end / be over / en
32、d / finish 结束19. come true / be realized 实现20. depend on / rely on 依靠； 依赖21. do sb. a favour /give sb. a hand / help sb.帮某人忙22. from time to time/ sometimes/now and then / now and again 有时候23. go in forlovetake part in喜爱；参加24. hear from / get / receive a letter from收到某人的来信25. look forward to doing /
33、expect to do /be eager to do 吩望做某事26. lose ones way / get lost 迷路27. lose ones temper / get angry 生气28. make fun of / play a joke on / play a trick on 拿某人开玩笑；作弄某人29. make up ones mind to do / decide to do /make a decision to do 决定做某事30. pay some money for sth.sth. cost sb. some moneyspend some money
34、 on / buying sthbuy/ purchase sth. for some money花钱买东西31. prefer doing to doing / like doing better than doing比起更喜欢32. preventfrom/ stopfrom阻止做某事33. provide sb. w汕 sth. / provide sth. for sb.为某人提供34. put off / delay 推迟；延期35. run out of / be out of / use up 用完36. set up / build 建造；建立37. set out (for)
35、 / set off (for) / start (for)出发；动身38. succeed in doing / be successful in doing / sth/manage to do 成功做某事39. take place /be heldhappen举行；发生40. think about doing / consider doing 考虑做某事41. turn out / prove 结果是；证明42. with great care / carefully小心地；仔细地43. would rather do / prefer to do 宁愿做某事in the night
36、 have a rich lunch in the sky the ninth monthtwo hundred of the studentstwo-thirds of the studentsone and a half hoursthe boy is ten years oldhe is in his fiftiesits a ten-minute walkat nighthave lunchin spaceNinth Street数词常考数词变化规则：1 .第九去 e (nine-ninth),四十无忧(u) (forty)2 . one, two 还可变成 once 和 twice3
37、 .十二，二十要看清(twelve-twelfth, twenty-twentieth, in one*s twenties)4 .还要注意大小写two hundred studentshundreds of studentsone-third of the studentone hour and a halfa ten-year-old boyhe is over fifty years oldits ten minutes walk名词易错名词变化规则：1 .以。结尾的名词变复数：黑人英雄爱吃土豆和西红柿，真 有意思(es) onegroes； heroes； potatoes； toma
38、toeso2 .加or：导演挑演员，扮演发明家和参观者。director； actor； inventor； visitor.furniture, fun, music, advice, weather, information, news, equipment, work是不可数名词。trousers, glasses, jeans, pants, shoes, socks 后接复数动词；但 以上这名词前如用了 a pair of,后面动词的单复数则取决于 pair这一单词本身在句中的单复数形式。an old friend of my fathers the teachefs office
39、the students* librarytwo girl/boy student以“man”结尾，加TS”构成复数的词German, Roman, human , discman, Walkman 可数名词和不可数名词 job suggestion newspaper coin以“or”和“er”结尾的单词orvisitor professor inventor actor conductor translator 不定代词one.the other.one. another.some.the others.some.the others.the rest (of books/people)
40、are something elsethe Browns housethe teachefs deskthe Childrens Palacetwo women /men teacherstwo German teacherswork advicenewsmoneyerplayer writer waiter leader singer dancerreportersomething/anything important both of them are here neither of them is here either of them is here all of them are he
41、renone of them are here比较both sides of the road 路的两边either side of the road 路的两边all sides of the square 广场的四周every /each/side of the square 广场的每一边there are some sheep in the fieldsthere is something strange in the skywould you lend me some money?shall we have some fish instead of chicken?will you ge
42、t us something to drink?if you have any questions , please let me knowany students can join the singing groupanyone can work out the problemTom is taller than any boy in his classMary is taller than any other girl in her classJack is taller than anyone else in his classlittle和“ few”的用法1 .一般情况下，力itt用
43、于修饰不可数名词，“few”用于修饰可数名词2 .quite/only/just+ a little/a fewso/very/too+ little/few形容词/副词1 .初中考纲中共有7个形容词和副词拼写同形early, fast, hard, high, late, straight, likely2 .初中考纲中共有5个ly结尾的形容词friendly, lovely, silly, lonely, likely3 .alive是形容词，只能作表语，所以不能放在名词前；living也是形容词，一般用于名词前，如living things=things alive易错形容词副词变化规则
44、：1 .形容词变比较级(饿死麻烦)： even, stilb much, far 修饰比较级。2 .兼类词shelf,形副同形straight； hard； early； late； fast60 .Animals can bring us happiness, comfort and even. (safe)61 . If people still don*t care enough for the environment, the air will become much. (bad)she is a beautiful dancerthe dancer is beautifulshe d
45、ances beautifully he found the room empty the result was really surprising luckily she won the first prize 原级so good very clever rather difficult as often as 比较级bigger than far more usefulstill greater better and better常修饰比较级的词 even, still, much, far, a bit, a little, a lot 最高级the fastest in our cla
46、ssthe second longest river among the best thing 注意区分too badquite importantold enough not as/so easy asmuch bettereven earlier a little longer the earlier.the better.the tallest of the class one of the longest riverssoonquicklygood alive far hard 形容词副词同形 aheadearly fast hard high latefun的三种句型it is great fun to do what great fun it is how funny 系动词+adj sound beautiful look angry feel soft taste delicious become usefulget angry turn redcome true注意：a. he look