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1、C O N T E N T SPassage 1 Town and Country lif e in EnglandPassage 2 A Change in Womens LifePassage 3 A Popular Pastime of the English PeoplePassage 4 B ritish and American Police O fficersPassage 5 living SpacePassage 6 The United NationsPassage 7 P lasticPassage 8 Display of GoodsPassage 9 Albert E
2、 insteinPassage 10 Private CarsPassage 11 A Henpecked Husband and His WifePassage 12 A Young Mans PromisePassage 13 A Kind NeighborPassage 14 That Isn，t Our FaultPassage 15 A Guide，s AnswerPassage 16 A Q ualified P ilo tPassage 17 Living T ilings ReactPdssage 18 Flowering PlantsPassage 19 Finding th
3、e Direction and LocationPassage 20 WavesPassage 21 SoiIsPassage22 C risisPassage 23 Americas Worst SurprisePassage 24 Great Depression in the U.S.Passage 25 A Place of Our O w nPassage 26 Travel for W orkPassage 27 IntelligencePassage 28 A Free Dress Every W eekPassage 29 TimePassage 30 CartoonistsP
4、assage 31 Water PollutionPassage 32 Making a ComplaintPassage 33 Where Do the British LivePassage 34 Will Computers Replace Human BeingsPassage 35 SoccerPassage 36 ArtistsPassage 37 Professional Sports in the U.S.Passage38 Howto BooksPassage 39 DontGive UpPassage 40 How High Can You JumpPassage 41 A
5、pology HelpsPassage 42 SleepPassage 43 Our ConcernPassage 44 Gardening in AmericaPassage 45 The Influence of LifePassage 46 AutomobilesPassage 47 House and HomePassage 48 Population GrowthPassage49 Natural ResourcesPassage50 Reading听 写 原 文 Listen to the following passages.Each passage will be read t
6、o you fourtimes.During the first reading,which will be read at normal speed,listen and try to understand the meaning.For the second and third readings,the passage will be read sentence by sentence,or phrase by phrase,withintervals of 12 seconds.The last reading will be read at normal speedagain and
7、during this time you should check your work.You will then begiven 2 minutes to check through your work once more.Passage 1Town and Country Life in EnglandThere is a big difference between town life and country life in England.In the country,everybody knows everybody else.They know what time youget u
8、p,what time you go to bed and what you have for dinner.If you wanthelp,you will always get it and you will be glad to help others.In a large town like London,however,it can sometimes happen that youhave never seen your next door neighbor and you do not know his name oranything about him.People in Lo
9、ndon are often very lonely.This is becausepeople go to different places in the evenings and at weekends.If you walkthrough the streets in the centre of London on Sunday,it is like a townwithout people.One is sorry for old people living on their own.They coulddie in their homes and would not be disco
10、vered for weeks or even months.(154 words)Useful Words and Expressions:next door n.n.隔 壁 the neighbors next 他 door 隔 壁 邻 居 lonely adj.孤 独 的，寂 寞 的，偏 僻 的，人 迹 罕 至 的 lonely life孤 单 的 生 活 a lonely old man 一 位 孤 独 的 老 人 a lonely sand 一 个 孤 岛 the loneliest night最 孤 独 的 夜 晚 on(one，s)own独 自；独 立 地；通 过 自 己 的 努
11、 力 She lives on her own.她 一 个 人 过。She go the job on her own.她 自 己 找 到 了 这 份 工 作。He Is now out of colleg6 and on his own.他 现 在 离 开 了 大 学 并 且 自 己 生 活。Passage 2A Change in Women*s LifeThe important change in womens life-pattern has only recently begun tohave its full effect on womens economic position.
12、Even a few years agomost girls left school at the first opportunity,and most of them tooka full-time job.However,when they married,they usually left work atonce and never returned to it.Today the school-leaving age is sixteen,many girls stay at school after that age,and though women tend to marryyou
13、nger,more married women stay at work at least until shortly beforetheir first child is born.Very many more afterwards return to ful 1-timeor part-time work.Such changes have led to a new relationship in marriage,with the husband accepting a greater share of the duties and satisfactionsof family life
14、 and with both husband and wife sharing more equally inproviding the money,and running the home,according to the abilities andinterests of each of them.(154 words)Useful Words and Expressions:life-pattern生 活 方 式 effect ifekt n.结 果，效 果，作 用，影 响 The old system is still in effect.旧 制 度 仍 然 有 效。He is,in
15、effect,my rival.实 际 上 他 是 我 的 竞 争 对 手。The medicine quickly took effect,药 物 很 快 见 效 了。share vt.分 享；共 享，参 与 n.一 份，部 分，份 额 share responsibility 共 同 负 责 share a room with sb.与 某 人 共 居 一 室 share the joys and hardships 同 甘 共 苦 We shared the sweets.我 们 分 吃 了 糖 果。one，s share of the cake分 享 的 一 份 好 处，应 得 的 一
16、 份 Passage 3A Popular Pastime of the English PeopleOne of the best means of understanding the people of any nation is watchingwhat they do with their non-working time.Most English men,women and children love growing things,especiallyflowers.Visitors to England in spring,summer,or autumn are likely t
17、osee gardens all the way along the railway lines.There are flowers at theairports and flowers in factory grounds,as well as in gardens along theroads.Each English town has at least one park with beautifully kept flowerbeds.Public buildings of every kind have brilliant window boxes andsometimes baske
18、ts of flowers are hanging on them.But what the English enjoy most is growing things themselves,If it isimpossible to have a garden,then a window box or something growing ina pot will do.Looking at each other，s gardens is a popular pastime with the English.(144 words)Useful Words and Expressions:mean
19、s n.(用 作 sing.)方 法；方 式；手 段a means to an end达 到 目 的 的 方 法 by all means务 必；无 论 如 何；千 方 百 计 地 by any means 口 用 一 切 可 能 的 方 法 或 手 段 by fair means or foul 不 择 手 段 地 by means o f 通 过；用；借 助 于 by no means决 不，一 点 也 不 by some means or(other)想 个 办 法；以 某 种 方 法 leave no means untried 想 尽 一 切 办 法 not by any means
20、 一 点 也 不，绝 对 不 The end justifies the means.谚 只 要 目 的 正 当，可 以 不 择 手 段。pot n.罐，壶 windbox n.窗 台 上 的 花 盆 箱，窗 槛 花 箱 pastime n.消 遣，娱 乐 Swimming Is my favorite pastime.游 泳 是 我 最 喜 欢 的 一 种 娱 乐。Passage 4British and American Police OfficersReal policemen,both in Britain and the U.S.,hardly recognize any commo
21、npoints between their lives and what they see on TV-if they ever get homein time.Some things are almost the same,of course,but the policemen do not thinkmuch of them.The first difference is that a policeman，s real life deals with the law.Most of what he learns is the law.He has to know actually what
22、 actionsare against the law and what facts can be used to prove them in court.He has to know nearly as much law as a lawyer,and whats more,he hasto put it into practice on his feet,in the dark and,running down a narrowstreet after someone he wants to talk to.Little of his time is spent in talking wi
23、th beautiful girls or in bravelyfacing cruel criminals.He will spend most of his working life arrangingmillions of words on thousands of forms about hundreds of sad,ordinarypeople who are guilty-or not of stupid,unimportant crimes.(177 words)Useful Words and Expressions:think much o f 重 视，尊 重 in cou
24、rt在 法 庭 上 criminal n.罪 犯,犯 罪 者 guilty adj.犯 罪 的，有 罪 的 gulty look内 疚 的 神 色 the guilty party 犯 罪 一 方 a guilty conscience 犯 罪 感 have a guilty conscience问 心 有 愧；做 贼 心 虚 be found gulty被 判 决 有 罪 be guilty of a crime 犯 了 罪 Passage 5Living SpaceHow much living space does a person need?What happens when his
25、space needsare not met?Scientists are doing experiments on rats to try to determinethe effects of overcrowded conditions on man.Recent studies have shownthat the behaviour of rats is greatly affected by space.If rats haveenough living space,they eat well,sleep well and produce their youngwell.But if
26、 their living conditions become too crowded,their behaviourand even their health change obviously.They can not sleep and eat well,and signs of fear and worry become clear.The more crowded they are,themore they tend to bite each other and even kill each other.Thus,for rats,population and violence are
27、 directly related.Is this a natural law forhuman society as well?Is enough space not only satisfactory,butnecessary for human survival?These are in teresting questions.(147words)Useful Words and Expressions:determine V.测 定；决 心；决 意 determine the velocity 测 定 速 度 He determined to go.他 决 意 要 去。I am det
28、ermined to do better than Mike.我 决 心 比 迈 克 做 得 更 好。tend to v.有 某 种 倾 向;有.的 趋 势 He tends to pitch the ball too high,他 往 往 把 球 掷 得 过 高。People under stress tend to express their full range of potential.处 于 压 力 下 的 人 容 易 发 挥 自 己 全 部 的 潜 力。survival n.生 存 We need food and water for survival.我 们 为 了 生 存 需
29、要 食 物 和 水。Passage 6The United NationsIn 1945,representatives of 50 nations met to plan this organization.It was called the United Nations.After the war,many more nations joined.There are two major parts of the United Nations.One is called the GeneralAssembly,m the General Assembly,every member natio
30、n is represented andhas an equal vote.The second part is called the Security Council.It has representativesof just 15 nations.Five nations are permanent members:the United States,Russia,France,Britain,and China,The 10 other members are elected everytwo years by the General Assembly.The major job of
31、the Security Council is to keep peace in the world.Ifnecessary,it can send troops from member nations to try to stop littlewars before they turn into big ones.It is hard to get the nations of the Security Counci 1 to agree on whenthis is necessary.But they did vote to try to stop wars.(156 words)Use
32、ful Words and Expressions:Representative n.代 表 General Assembly联 合 国 大 会 permanent adj.永 久 的，持 久 的 permanent address 固 定 地 址 permanent tooth 成 人 齿 a permanent Job 固 定 职 业 a permanent commi tee 常 设 委 员 会 Security Council n.联 合 国 安 全 理 事 会 troop n.军 队 Passage 7PlasticWe use plastic wrap to protect our
33、 foods.We put our garbage in plasticbags or plastic cans.We sit on plastic chairs,play with plastic toys,drink from plastic cups,and wash our hair with shampoo from plasticbottles!Plastic does not grow in nature.It is made by mixing certain thingstogether.We call it a produced or manufactured materi
34、al.Plastic wasfirst made in the 1860s from plants,such as wood and cotton.That plasticwas soft and burned easily.The f irst modern plastics were made in the 1930s.Most clear plastic startsout as thick,black oil.That plastic coating inside a pan begins asnatural gas.Over the years,hundreds of differe
35、nt plastics have been developed.Someare hard and strong.Some are soft and bendable.Some are clear.Some aremany-colored.There is a plastic for almost every need.Scientistscontinue to experiment with plastics.They hope to find even ways to usethem!(160 words)Useful Words and Expressions:Shampoo n.洗 发
36、精，洗 发 香 波，洗 发 manufacture vt.制 造，力 口 工 manufacture an excuse 胡 乱 编 个 理 由 half manufactured 半 成 品(的)a thing of home foreign manufacture 本 国 夕 卜 国 制 品 Plastic is an important manufacture.塑 料 是 种 重 要 产 品。bendable灯 弯 曲 的 experiment with 用.做 实 验 Passage 8Display of GoodsAre supermarkets designed to persu
37、ade us to buy more?Fresh fruit and vegetables are displayed near supermarket entrances.Thisgives the impression that only healthy food is sold in the shop.Basicfoods that everyone buys,like sugar and tea,are not put near each other.They are kept in different aisles so customers are taken past othera
38、ttractive foods before they find what they want.In this way,shoppersare encouraged to buy products that they do not really need.Sweets are often placed at childrens eye level at the checkout.Whileparents are waiting to pay,children reach for the sweets and put themin the trolley.More is bought from
39、a fifteen-foot display of one type of product thanfrom a ten-foot one.Customers also buy more when shelves are full thanwhen they are half empty.They do not 1 ike to buy from shelves with fewproducts on them because they feel there is something wrong with thoseproducts that are there.（166 words）Usef
40、ul Words and Expressions:aisle n.走 廊，过 道 roll them in the aisle 口 使（观 众）捧 腹 大 笑 knock them in the aisle使（观 众）捧 腹 大 笑 lay them in the aisle使（观 众）捧 腹 大 笑 rock them in the aisle使（观 众）捧 腹 大 笑 have them rolling in the aisle 使（观 众）捧 腹 大 笑 trolley n.手 推 车 checkout（超 级 市 场 等 的）收 款 台 Passage 9Albert Einstein
41、Albert Einstein was born in Germany in 1879.His 号 father owned a factorythat made electrical devices.His mother enjoyed music and books.Hisparents were Jewish but they did not observe many of the religion，s rules.Albert was a quiet child who spent much of his time alone.He was slowto talk and had di
42、fficulty learning to read.When Albert was five yearsold,his father gave him a compass.The child was filled with wonder whenhe discovered that the compass needle always pointed in the samedirection-to the north.He asked his father and his uncle what caused theneedle to move.Their answers about magnet
43、ism and gravity were difficultfor the boy to understand.Yet he spent a lot of time thinking about them.He said later that he felt something hidden had to be behind things.(143words)Useful Words and Expressions:device n.装 置，设 备 leave to(one，s)own devices听 任 某 人 自 行 其 是，允 许 某 人 按 自 己 的 意 愿 做 事 She lef
44、t the child to her own devices for an hour in the afternoon.她 允 许 孩 子 在 下 午 有 一 个 小 时 的 自 由 支 配 时 间。compass n.才 旨 南 针 beyond sb.s compass某 人 力 所 不 及 cast/fetch/take a compass兜 圈 子，绕 道，转 弯 抹 角 keep sth.within compass把 某 种 事 物 限 制 在 适 当 的 范 围 内 speak within compass s 谨 慎 小 心 地 说 within sb.s compass某 人
45、 力 所 能 及 的；在 某 人 权 力 之 内 的 within the compass of 在.的 范 围 内 magnetism n.磁，磁 力 Passage 10Private CarsWith the increase in the general standard of living,some ordinary Chinesefamilies begin to afford a car.Yet opinions of the development of aprivate car vary from person to person.It gives a much greate
46、r degree of comfort and mobility.The owner of acar is no longer forced to rely on public transport,and hence noirritation caused by waiting for buses or taxis.However,others stronglyobject to developing private cars.They maintain that as more and morecars are produced and run in the street,a large v
47、olume of poisonous gaswill be given off,polluting the atmosphere and causing actual harm tothe health of people.Whether private cars should be developed in China is a difficult questionto answer,yet the desire for the comfort and independence a private carcan bring will not be eliminated.(143 words)
48、Useful Words and Expressions:Mobility n.活 动 性，机 动 性 hence a d y.因 此，从 此 seven years hence 七 年 以 后 Hence the Play.因 而 就 有 了 这 出 戏。It Is very late；hence you must go to b e d.时 间 已 经 很 晚 了，因 此 你 必 须 睡 觉 去。The town was built among the hills,hence the name Hi 11 town.该 城 镇 修 建 在 群 山 之 中,故 取 名 山 城。irritat
49、ion n.愤 怒 volume n.量 elimiimte vt.消 除 Passage 10A Henpecked Husband and His WifeThere was once a large,fat woman who had a small,thin husband.He hada job in a big company and was given his weekly wages every Friday evening.As soon as he got home on Fridays,his wife used to make him give her allhis m
50、oney,and then she used to give him back only enough to buy his lunchin his company every day.One day,the small man came home very excited.He hurried into theliving-room.Uis wife was listening to the radio and eating chocolatesthere.“You will never guess what happened to me today,dear,zz he said.He w