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1、新方舟教育备课教案一一初中英语完形填空解题技巧_黄飞考点分析：完型填空一直是考试必考题型,而且在整卷中占相当大的 分值,如果该局部失分严重，会影响学生英语最终成绩.因此，学生必须 熟练掌握完型填空做题技巧，同时通过一定量专题练习，提高做题的正 确率.注:学生该局部失分特别严重，所以必须加大该局部的练习.,完型填空最常用的四种解题法:1 .总体把握:要通读完形填空的短文，跳过空格快速阅读，了解全篇的 主要内容。切不可把珍贵的时间浪费在个别字句推敲上。2 .弄清体裁:文章体裁通常分为四种：论述文、记叙文、说明文和应用 文。中考选文以叙事性文章为主，如：幽默故事、科普知识、童话、 简短新闻、名人轶事
2、、社会热点问题等。读这类文章，要大体上了解 故事所涉及的时间、地点、人物、事件及前因后果。3 .重视主题句:完形填空所用的短文一般不给标题，但短文的主题句， 往往在每段文章的首句，有时也出现在文章的中间或完毕处。主题句 提供全篇的性质、大意等，这是深入了解全文的“窗口，甚至能以 语句为立足点，从该句的时态、语气推测全文的主要内容。4 .语境联想:利用上下文的提示，用学过的知识和已有的生活经历，扫 清局部词汇理解上的障碍。二、几种种解题技巧：1 .词语搭配从语法角度来说，句子不是词的序列，而是词组的序列。(2)因搭配关系而产生的一般性词汇。如：see a film(3)词序和意义皆以固定的复合词
3、和动词短语。如：push ahead with($ 力前行)。(4)因词组而构成的常见的句式：Itfeels+形容词+不定式，在搭配判断 时，注意：要区别外形相近而意义不同的搭配。$0： look for, look over, look out, look after, look up等。要区别形不相似而意义相近的搭配。 如：I paid 12 pounds for the dictionary. The book cost me a lot. It took three men to lift the box.句中都有“付出、花费、需要的意思。译成 汉语时似乎相通。但更要注意它们之间的搭配
4、变化；要注意单个词组 的多义性。如：take off有“脱下(衣服)，(飞机)起飞，匆匆离开，取 下，休假等多种含意。2 .语法判定(1)要注意出现频率较高的词类题，依次为动词、介词、代词、连词、 形容词、副词。选择各类词时，要注意以下几个方面：a.名词的选择b.动词的选用c.选择介词d.选择代词e.选择连词f.选择 形容词和副词(2)要注意句法题，搞清句子的种类、类型、省略和倒装a.句子的种类包括陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感慨句。一般以考察疑 问句、感慨句的词序为多见，其次是祈使句的零时态等。b.句子的类型有简单句、并列句、复合句和并列复合句。上海中考考 察要点是在复合句里的状语从句、宾语从句
5、和直接/间接引语，也考察简单的定语从句。C.句子的省略与倒装很少考察，却要看懂，不能引起对文章的曲解。（3）在语法适用方面，可以用择优法和排除法a.择优法是把各选项代入短文中，选出在词义上符合要求，且在语法 上又没有语病的答案。b.排除法是在代入选项时如发现选项单词意义不对，或词与词搭配不 妥，或存在语法错误，或与上下文有矛盾，那么迅速排除不适宜的选 项，剩下的就是正确答案。3 .例举比照。在完形填空的多项选择中，常常会遇到难以选择的题目。需要调动 头脑里的知识”储藏，例举熟知的语言现象与之相比拟，再做出明 智的选择。三、一般的解题过程是:L通读全文,掌握大意。结合选项初步弄清短文写了些什么内
6、容。2.瞻前顾后,分析先行。3.反复推敲,攻克难关。如果做不出来的话，可能要改变一下思路。4.验证答案,修正错误，着重注意这几点：（1）文章是否顺畅；（2）所填 单词是否是最正确单词；（3）所填单词是否有拼写错误。四、对应练习:(A)You can reach almost any goal if you want to-but sometimes it takes great efforts to realize your dream.That was quite true for me. When I was 17 years old, I broke my father80. He ha
7、d saved enough from an average income to send me to college to become a lawyer. Three months later I was home telling him that I had left collegeand for the first time I saw him 81.“Son, Im always going to love you even though youll never achieve anything, “he said with Egqb(眼泪)in his eyes.When I wa
8、lked out of that room, I was burning with something within my body. Not everyone has the chance to feel it. I did not just want to 83 一I had to.But I couldnt see how to do it and all the time my fathers words were in my mind. I become a salesperson. It was not 84 because I knew almost nothing about
9、marketing.Then a man introduced me to the Edwards training course. I went and learned a lot of useful 84 I tried my best to put them to work. Soon after that, I started tasting the sweetfruits of Success for the first time.Some time later, I told the manager of my company that I would like to meet w
10、ith Mr. Edwards. They arranged it for me. When, the day came, I told him, Mr. Edwards, my goal is tobe able to train people just as you trained me. 85, he agreed to let me try.All that came true because I set goals to make it happen. Sticking to the goal was the mostimportant.80. A)promise B)record
11、C)heart D)lawA)shout B)cry C)laugh D)relax81. A)succeed B)argue C)stop D)moveA)fair B)easy C)serious D)safe82. A)poems B)dialogues C)excuses D)skillsA)Luckily B)Usually C)Clearly D)Suddenly(B)Tiffany, a 16-year-old girl, was very, shy. Last September, her best friend, Sophie, movedabroad with her fa
12、mily because she had to continue her studies in America. She even said she would not come back for at least a few years. Tiffany became 80 and helpless. nI was really sad the moment I heard the bad news and I didnt know what to do, Tiffany recalled (回忆). I 81 myself in my room for a whole week. It w
13、as then that my aunt took me to asports club one Saturday and I saw* so many young people playing various sports there. I signedup for a beginners course in volleyball and since then I have been playing this sport. Now Ipractise twice a week there. It is wonderful playing sports in this club and I h
14、ave made lots of 82 as well. Whats more, I feel I am much healthier than before.nThe most basic aim of playing sports is that you can improve your health even ifyou are notverygood at sports 83 you can get to know a circle of people at your age while playingsports. Tiffany used to be a very quiet gi
15、rl. Since she joined the sports club, she has opened upherself and now she has become very 84 and enjoys meeting and talking with others.For most people, that is one of the attractions of joining a sports club. You can get to knowother young people who have similar interests. You dont have to sit do
16、wn and talk to strangers.You go in for sports and it is easier to understand your partners on the same team. Now Tiffany isquitc 85 her friends and she has also gained more confidence.Try to do regular sports. The mind needs exercise as well as the body.80. A) angry B) lonely C) tired D) surprisedA)
17、 shutB) hurt . C) enjoyed D) helped81. A) trouble B) mistakesC) money D) friendsA) So farB) In addition C) Once again D) After all82. A) activeB) strongC) lucky D) independentA) generous to B) different from C) popular with D) disappointed in(C)We have always been warned of the dangers of the forest
18、 fires. They cause85to a forest. They kill many plants and animals in an eco-system, which is a group of living things and their environment. But have you ever heard of a forest fire that can be 86 for a forest?People start some of the fires with a special reasons to actually do good to the eco-syst
19、em.In fact, fires are a natural part of any eco-system. Without fires, the oldest and largest trees would stop sunlight from reaching the forest floor. Fires can 87 some of these old trees. When the trees die, they provide something good for the earth. New trees can grow strong and healthy in their
20、place.Some trees even need fires to grow. These trees hold their seeds(种子)inside. Heat from a fire allow the coat of the seeds to open up. Then the seeds fall to the ground and have the 88 to grow.Scientists, who know about natures needs, start some of these fires, called controlled bums. A fire is
21、started and kept under control. This way, the fire does not spread out of the area or 89 a large space of the forest. Fires can be dangerous for animals. Even when animals continue to live after forest fires, they can go hungry 90 their food has been damaged in the fire. Small, controlled fires mean
22、 that animals will not have to move far to find food. After some time, small plants begin to grow. Animals return soon after the plants return. This 91 makes an eco-system.So the next time you hear about a forest fire, think about the good as well as the bad. It may take a new eco-system a while to
23、return, but it will likely come back stronger and healthier than ever.C. damageC. harmfulC. be bad forC. chanceC. butC. butC. neverD. floodD. awfulD. get rid ofD. skillD. wasteD. soD.even85. A. illnessB. difficulty86. A. helpfulB. powerful87. A. take the place of B. get ready for88. A. timeB.water89. A. discoverB. cover90. A. becauseB.although91. A. almostB.againA：80.C 81.B 82.A 83.B 84.D 85.AB：80.B 81. A 82. D 83. B 84. A 85. Cc：