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1、专题*4 螂遂理筹（记叙文）41考早钝道人物故事类的阅读理解是中考英语的常考材料之一。这类文章一般可分为人物传记和短篇故事两类。i .人物传记主要涉及某人的生平事迹、趣闻铁事、生活背景、个性特征、成长和奋斗历程等，其特点是以时间的先后或事件的发展为主线，脉络清楚，可读性较强。2 .短篇故事与人物传记不同的是，这类文章一般描述的是某一件具体事情的发生发展或结局，有人物、时间、地点和事件。命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件之间的关系、作者的态度及意图、故事前因和后果的推测等方面着手，考查考生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。一、阅读技巧1 .要快速浏览全文，圈 出 重 要 的 连 接 词（如 a n
2、 d,b u t 等），掌握主旨和大意，特别注意文章的主题句里出作者的写作思路。2 .要尽快浏览短文后的思考题，尽量带着题目中的问题再读文章。3,完成事实细节题要先划出题干中的主谓宾，然后利用这些词去文中找到定位句。4 .要 把 有 关 于 w h o,w h a t,w h e r e,h o w,w h y 等方面内容圈出来，5 .遇到推理判断题时，要注意作者态度和命题人的意图，尤其注意关系连接词和符号变化，不要凭个人直觉胡乱猜测。二、做题技巧：1.猜词题。（1）根据生活常识猜测词义。（2）根据上下文、前后句的意思来猜测词义（3）根据转折、因果关系猜测词义。（4）通过同义词、反义词及或并列
3、词的关系猜测词义。（5 ）通 过 构 词 法 猜 词（否定前缀：u n-i n-d i s-i m；-名词后缀：-m e n t,e r,o r,r e s s,i s t 等等）。（6）通过前后给出的定义句或解释句来推测词义。2.细节理解题。（1）首先浏览也把你题目看清题目要求理解什么细节，还是那句话，画题干关键词。（2）然后有选择性的在文中找出相应的段落，句子或短语。（3）认真分析比对，选出正确答案。注意同词复现、同句复现等。3.主旨题无论是在段落中还是文章中是明显还是隐蔽，主旨的提出主要有四种情况，（1）首段或首句开门见山提出核心问题。（2）文章中间段或段落中间句给出中心，（3）段落末句
4、或文章末段对全段或全文进行总结概括，得出段落主题句或文章主旨句。（4）文章或段落中不明确给出中心，考生要根据各段中心或各句的内容进行总结，自己推出的主旨。（5）文章出现频率极高的词，很有可能与主旨或标题关键词相关；选主旨句或标题时，过于绝对、过于片面、过于宽泛的不选。4.判断题（1）注意是选择错误的还是正确的选项；（2）划出选项中的主谓宾、连词等关键词，回到文中仔细比对。5.推理题（1 ）判断原则：注意包含 infer,imply,conclusion,conclude,summary 等词的题目多为推理题。（2）通读全文，尤其是首尾段，迅速把握主旨；（3）通读选项，每个选项都要勾画关键词，做
5、到能理解选项的大致意思即可；（4）迅速找到选项所在的段落，重点关注段落中心句和逻辑关系，推理题的答案一般是对文章或段落中心句的同义替换；（5）命题方式：一般是正话反说，反话正说，无中生有，关键词替换，张冠李戴等。申考密点击（强”字 骞 试 题）1、（2022四川绵阳中考真题）At a snow park in Zhangjiakou,Hebei,Chinese teenage snowboarder Su Yiming won a silverin the mens snowboarding competition on February 7.It was the first time tha
6、t a Chinesesnowboarder had ever competed in this event at any Olympics.Su was introduced tosnowboarding at the age of 4 by his parents,who were both snowboarding fans.Su fell in lovewith the sport the first time they took him to a ski center.Later he kept on practicing after class.lbsave up more tim
7、e for snowboarding,he would get up at 5 am and finish his homework early.Su just saw snowboarding as a hobby in the beginning.However,on July 31,2015 when heknew that Winter Olympics 2022 would be held in Beijing,his mind turned to professional（职业的）competition.He dreamed of joining in the Winter Oly
8、mpics.And he decided to goprofessional.In 2018 Su became a member of Chinas national snowboarding team.In 2020 and 2021,hetook home gold medals（奖牌）of all national competitions.In January 2021,he became the firstChinese man snowboarder to finish the Cab 1800一the most difficult snowboarding skill.Behi
9、nd his success is Sus hard work.He has made full use of every chance to train more.Usually he arrived at the training center earlier than his teammates.In that way,he could practicemore.He even broke several snowboards in one week because of heavy training.After Su won his silver medal,his father Su
10、 Qun received an interview.He said that thiswould not be his sons last Olympics and Su would do better in the future.1.How did Su feel the first time he tried snowboarding?A.Disappointed.B.Interested.C.Worried.D.Moved.2.Why did Su decide to go professional?A.His parents were snowboarding fans.B.He c
11、ould finish the most difficult skill.C.He joined Chinas national snowboarding team.D.Winter Olympics 2022 would be held inBeijing.3.When did Su become a national team member?A.In 2022.B.In 2020.In 2018.D.In 2015.4.What is the key to Sus success?A.Taking home gold medals.B Training hard day and night
12、.C.Being the first to finish the Cab 1800.D.Getting much help from his teammates.5.Which part is the text probably taken from in a magazine?A.Sport.B.Travel.C.Health.D.Science.【答案】1.B 2.D 3.C 4.B 5.A【导语】本文是一名记叙文。介绍了苏翊鸣滑雪的经历，并且告诉我们付出努力终究会得到回报的。1.细节理解题。根据Su fell in love with the sport the first time t
13、hey took him to a ski center.可知，当他们第一次带他去滑雪中心时，苏翊鸣就爱上了这项运动。故选B。2.细节理解题。根据“However,on July 31,2015 when he knew that Winter Olympics 2022would be held in Beijing,his mind turned to professional competition.He dreamed of joining inthe Winter Olympics.And he decided to go professional.”可知，当他知道 2022 年冬奥
14、会将在北京举行时，他的想法转向了职业比赛，他梦想着参加冬奥会，于是他决定走上职业道路。故选 D。3.细节理解题。根据“In 2018 Su became a member of Chinas national snowboarding team.“可知，2018年，苏翊鸣成为中国国家单板滑雪队的一员。故选C。4.细节理解题。根据“Behind his success is Sus hard work.He has made full use of every chanceto train more.”可知，苏翊鸣成功的背后是他的努力，他充分利用每一个机会进行更多的训练。故选Bo5.推理判断题。
15、本文主要向我们介绍体育名人苏翊鸣，所以推测可能在体育版块看到这篇文章，故选A。2、（2022湖北襄阳中考真题）When Yang Fan was taking a walk around the Yuliang Island,she saw a black swan（天鹅）inthe grass.Yang Fan knew that swans could be fierce（凶猛的）.But as she got close to this one,itdidnt move.She was sure that the swan needed help.So Yang covered the
16、birds head with her jacket tokeep its cool,picked it up carefully,and held it in her arms.She decided to send it to the AnimalCare Center,but the center was across the Han River,far from the park.She didnt know how tocarry the swan there.Luckily,some strangers driving by gave her and the swan a lift
17、 to a nearbybus stop.On the bus,no one seemed surprised by“the unusual passengef,.Instead they were worried.Someone helped Yang Fan call the center on the way.And Li Tao,an animal-care manager,pickedher up at the bus stop and drove them to the center.There,the animal doctors found that the swanwas p
18、oisoned,caused by eating something used to kill mice.The swan was well looked after at thecenter.She even made a frienda little dog.Thanks to peoples love and care,luckily,she wascured（治愈）two months later.Its a moving story.Yang Fan travelled about two hours and it was really a long way.SaysLi Tao.A
19、nd all the strangers wanted to give her and the swan a hand.He adds,“I am happy tosee that more and more people have realized the importance of protecting the wild life sinceXiangyang began to build the civilized（文明）city.”6.Which is the correct order of the things that happened to the swan?She was f
20、ound by Yang Fan.She ate something wrong.（3）She was cured.She made friends with a dog.She was sent to the Animal Care Center.A.B.C.D.7.What does the underlined phrase“was poisoned“mean in Paragraph 3?A.困住 B.中毒 C.射伤 D.掉队8.What can we learn from the passage?A.Yang Fan didnt try her best to save the sw
21、an.B The swan could be helped in a much better way.C.Li Tao cared more about the swan than Yang Fan.D.People went out of their way to protect the wild life.9.Whats the best title for this passage?A.Ways to Protect the Animals B.More Animal Care Centers Are NeededC.A Swan Meets a City Full of Love D.
22、Efforts the Animal Doctors Have Made【答案】6.C 7.B 8.D 9.C【导语】本文主要讲述了一个叫杨凡的女孩拯救J一只中毒的野天鹅的故事。6.细节理解题。根据she saw a black swan（天鹅）in the grass.But as she got close to this one,itdidnt move.；And Li Tao,an animal-care manager,picked her up at the bus stop and drove themto the center.；She even made a friend-a
23、 little dog.Thanks to peoples love and care,luckily,shewas cured（治愈）two months later.”可知，正确的顺序应该是：天鹅吃错了东西，被杨凡发现，然后被送去动物中心，在那里交了一个狗狗朋友，最后被治愈了。即。故选C。7.词句猜测题。根据“caused by eating something used to kill m ice.（是因为吃了用来杀死老鼠的东西。）”可知，天 鹅 是 中 毒 所 以 划 线 词“waspoisoned”意为“中毒的”。故选B。8.推理判断题。根据“And all the stranger
24、s wanted to give her and the swan a hand.（所有的陌生人都想帮助她和天鹅。）”可知，人们不遗余力地保护野生动物。故选De9.最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了一个叫杨凡的女孩拯救了 一 只中毒的野天鹅的故事，表现了人们越来越重视保护野生动物的重要性。C 选项“天鹅遇见充满爱的城市”符合题意。故选C。3、（2022湖北黄石中考真题）I am Garrison.I live on a small farm in Kenya.Since the age of nine,I have helped to lookafter my familys cows.
25、As a child,in my free time,I enjoyed trying new ideas.Sometimes I couldmake my own inventions,such as electronic toys from car parts and peach-picking sticks.I alsomade other useful daily things for my neighbors.At the age of 13,1 invented something that changed my life.One night,a lion came into my
26、familys farm and killed one of our cows.I was angry.However,catching the lion,I thought,wasnot a safe way to solve the problem.So I decided to“invent“a solution.The first idea I got was to use fire,because I thought the lion was scared of fire.But I cameto know that didnt help,because it was even he
27、lping the lion to see through the cowshed（牛棚）.However,I didnt give up.I continued.And a second idea I got was to use a scarecrow（稻草人）.I was trying to trick the lion intothinking that I was standing near the cowshed.But the lion was very clever.It came the first day,saw the scarecrow,and went back.Bu
28、t the second day,it came and found that the scarecrow didntmove.It was always there!So the lion jumped in and killed another cow.However,one night,I was walking around the cowshed with a torch（手电筒）.To mysurprise,the lion didnt show up.Then I realized that the lion was afraid of a moving light.So Iha
29、d an idea.10.What was Garrison interested in when he was a child?A.Tricking neighbors.B.Looking after cows.C.Making car parts.D.Trying new ideas.11.How many ideas did the writer try to solve the problem?A.1.B.2.C.3.D.4.12.How did the writer finally drive away the lion?A.Using a stick.B.Using a movin
30、g light.C.Using fire.D.Using a scarecrow.13.According to the passage,which word can best describe the writer?A.Creative.B.Thankful.C.Open-minded.D.Outgoing.14.What is probably the best title of the passage?A.No pains,no gains B.Love animals,love lifeC.It is never too old to learn D.Using your brain
31、makes a difference【答案】10.D 11.C 12.B 13.A 14.D【导语】本文主要讲述r Garrison用自己的发明驱赶狮子的经历。10.细节理解题。根据“As a child,in my free time,I enjoyed trying new ideas.”可知，在作者小时候，他喜欢尝试新想法。故选D。11.细节理解题。根据The first idea I got was to use fire,because I thought the lion was scared offire.1；And a second idea I got was to use
32、a scarecrow（稻草人）.；Then I realized that the lionwas afraid of a moving light.So I had an idea”可知，作者想要用火、用稻草人和用移动的光线去驱赶狮子，一共是三种方法。故选C。12.细节理解题。根据“Then 1 realized that the lion was afraid of a moving light.So 1 had an idea”可知，作者最后驱赶狮子的方法是使用移动的光线。故选B。13.推理判断题。根据Sometimes I could make my own inventions,s
33、uch as electronic toys fromcar parts and peach-picking sticks.I also made other useful daily things for my neighbors.以及下文可知，作者从小喜欢发明，不仅用发明改变了自己生活，也改变了别人的生活。可推知作者是很聪明且有创造力的。故选A。14.最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了 Garrison用自己的发明驱赶狮子的经历，这告诉我们要用自己的大脑去做一些有意义的事情。选项D“自己的大脑去做一些有意义的事情 为本文最佳标题。故选D.4、（2022浙江衢州中考真题）Alice w
34、as very excited.One of her favourite writers had just published a new book.She hadsaved up her money,and she was ready to buy the book this weekend.She talked about the bookwith her online chat（聊天）group.A lot of the other kids in the group were going to buy the book,too.In fact,that was the main thi
35、ng everyone in the chat room was talking about one afternoon.All of a sudden,Alice got a chat message from Ella,one of the kids in the chat room.Themessage said that Ella wanted to meet Alice at the bookstore.Then they could buy the new booktogether.Alice told her mum about the message,and her mum a
36、sked,“Do you know Ella fromschool?“No,Alice answered.Weve only chatted online.I dont think she goes to my school.”“Listen,“Alices mum was anxious and said,“I want you to have friends,but sometimes,people online arent who they say they are.And when youre online,you cant always tell.So Idont think ifs
37、 a good idea fbr you to meet this person.“But,Mum,Alice said,“what if it is just a kid named Ella who wants to buy a book withme?”Alices mum considered that for a moment.Then she said,Lets do this.Dad and I will gowith you to the bookstore to buy the book with Ella.If Ella really is just a kid who w
38、ants to meetyou in person,thats great.If not,Alice didnt like that idea.It made her feel like a baby.But she knew her mum was rightabout safety,so she finally nodded.Then she answered Ellas message.She told Ella that she andher parents would be at the bookstore the next afternoon.The next day,Alice
39、went to the bookstore with her mum and dad.When Ella never showedup and then disappeared from the chat room,Alice knew her parents were right.She was glad theywere there to be with her.15.What did Alice plan to do that weekend?A.To buy a book with Ella.B.To talk with her parents.C.To chat online wit
40、h friends.D.To meet her favourite writer.16.What does the underlined word“anxious“mean in the text?A.Worried.B.Bored.C.Pleased.D.Interested.17.Which of the following is the best to fill in the blank”?A.weUl say sorry to her B.you?ll lose all your moneyC.we91 1 take care of you D.youll miss a good ch
41、ance18.Which is a lesson from the text?A.Dont believe anyone except your parents.B.Always stay away from online chat groups.C.Kids should not go out without their parents.D.We must pay attention to safety on theInternet.【答案】15.A 16.A 17.C 18.D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，爱丽丝准备跟网上认识的艾拉一起去书店买书，但是父母不放心决定跟爱丽丝一起去，爱丽斯告诉了
42、艾拉这件事，但是第二天艾拉并没有出现。作者通过这个故事告诉我们：必须注意网络安全，不能轻信任何人。15.细节理解题。根据“She had saved up her money,and she was ready to buy the book thisweekend.和what if it is just a kid named Ella who wants to buy a book with me?”可知，爱丽丝己经攒好了钱，准备这个周末买这本书。故选A。16.词句猜测题。根据“I want you to have friends,but sometimes,people online a
43、rent who theysay they are.And when youre online,you can4 always tell.So I dont think its a good idea foryou to meet this person.可知，妈妈担心网上认识的人不安全，所以anxious的意思是“担心的，紧张的“，故选A。17.推理判断题。根据“If EHa really is just a kid who wants to meet you in person,that,s great.Ifnot,”可知，爸妈决定跟爱丽丝一起去，如果艾拉是个孩子就没事，但如果不是个孩子，
44、爸妈会保护爱丽丝。故选C。18.推理判断题。根据The next day,Alice went to the bookstore with her mum and dad.WhenElla never showed up and then disappeared from the chat room,Alice knew her parents were right.She was glad they were there to be with her.“可知，第二天艾拉没出现，也在聊天室里消失了，由此推知，我们必须注意网络安全，不能轻信任何人。故选D。5、（2022辽宁鞍山中考真题）Two
45、months ago,my son Eric lost his trombone（长号）.We were very sad.We learned that telling friends about our sad things made us feel better and less worried.Wereceived sweet messages from friends showing their care for us.Eric received the sweetest letterreminding us that although things in life can be s
46、ad and make us upset,we can still find kindnessaround us.And then,another student at a different school heard about the situation and decided to givehis trombone to my son.It turned out that it was the same kind as the lost one.We met this young man who gave it to Eric.He hoped that Eric should neve
47、r stop learningand making music.We were so thankful and happy.Eric had his first concert a couple of weeks ago.One thingabout kindness is that to the receiver of kindness,it might not be necessary,but to the giver whowants to change things for the better,it becomes really necessary.We are really tha
48、nkful for everyones kindness.And we are thankful that the trombone gotlost.It taught us so much about other peoples healing（治愈的）power,even people we have nevermet before.19.What happened to Eric two months ago?A.His trombone was lost.B.He gave away his trombone.C.His trombone was broken.D.He bought
49、a trombone.20.What did the writer do after her son lost the trombone?A.She kept it a secret.B.She didnt care about it.C.She bought a new trombone.D.She told other people about it.21.From the text,we can know that.A.Eric was pleased to lose his trombone B.Erics classmate lent his trombone to himC.Eri
50、c had his first concert a few weeks ago D.Erics mother stopped him learning andmaking music22.Why was the writer thankful that the trombone was lost?A.Because she could buy her son a new one.B.Because she got many peoples care andkindness.C.Because she found the trombone at last.D.Because her son di