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1、考点4 1 短文填空之杂糅型填空杂糅型短文填空是指文章中有多种提示类型，如英语单词、汉语意思、音标或者不给提示词等。这种题型主要考查考生的整体阅读能力、语言知识的运用能力、逻辑思维能力和书面表达能力，特别是单词和短语的拼写能力。足 跟踪训练Take a verb and put it together with a preposition(usually),and you have a two-word verb(or phrasal verb)36 has a totally different meaning from the two individual words.I was stil
2、l upset 37 my boss had turned down my request fbr a raise the day before.I was thinking aboutit as I tried to start my old car.But the engine wouldnt turn over.I got out and just as I turned around I saw my dog38(run)after a rabbit.I shouted at him to stop,but he wouldnt.uHas everything turned again
3、st me?n Iwondered as I ran after him.Just as I caught up to him,he turned away and raced in the other 39(direct).So Iturned back to my car and tried to start it once 40(many).Luckily this time it actually started.I decided Iwould have to turn to my mechanic 41(see)what was wrong.Just as I turned int
4、o the parking lot of theautomobile repair shop,my car 42(die).It turned out that a new battery 43(need).Later that night as I turned in 44 my dog beside me,I make 45 decision.I decide I wasnt goingto stop trying to get that raise!【答案】36.that/which 37.because 38.running 39.direction 40.more 41.to see
5、42.died 43.was needed 44.with 45.a【解析】短文讲述的是作者要求老板加薪却被拒绝，通过狗追赶兔子的情景人让作者明白要继续努力，不会停止努力加薪的。【36题详解】句意：它的意思与这两个词完全不同。根据句意理解及句子结构分析可知，空格前是名词v e rb,且空格在后句中做主语，所以这里应该是一个定语从句，先行词指物，且在从句中做主语，故答案为that/which。【37题详解】句意：我仍然很不安，因为我的老板前一天拒绝了我的加薪要求。根据句意理解可知，I was still upset.与 my boss had turned down my request for
6、 a raise the day before.两句之间是因果关系，且后句是原因，所以应该用because引导，故答案为because。【38题详解】句意：我看见我的狗在追一只兔子。根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“看见某人做某事，英语是see sb do/doing,而这里表达的是看的时候“跑”这个动作正在进行，所以应该用ing形式，故答案问running。【39题详解】句意：就在我追上他时，他转身跑向另一个方向。根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“方向”，英语是direction,是一个名词，而前面有the other修饰，所以这里应该用单数形式，故答案为direction。4 0 题详解】句意
7、：所以我回到我的车上，试着再次发动它。根据句意理解可知，这里指的是“再 一 次 ，英语是once m o re,所以这里应该用m o re,故答案为more。4 1 题详解】句意：我决定要找我的机械师看看出了什么问题。根据句意理解可知，空格在句中做的是目的状语，英语中能够做目的状语的是动词不定式，所以这里应该用 to do的形式,故答案为to see。4 2 题详解】句意：就在我拐进汽车修理厂的停车场时，我的车没电了。根据句意理解及前句中的动词turned可知，这里的动词应该用过去时，所以空格应该用过去式，故答案为diedo4 3 题详解】句意：原来需要一个新电池。根据句意理解及句子结构分析可
8、知，故事发生在过去，所以应该用过去时，且句子主语battery与动词need之间是被动关系，所以应该用一般过去时的被动结构，故答案为was needed。4 4 题详解】句意：那天晚上晚些时候，我上床睡觉，我的狗在我身边。根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是一种伴随，英语中表示伴随用介词w ith,故答案为with。【45题详解】句意：我做了一个决定。根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“一个决定”，英语中decision是个可数名词，且这里用的是单数形式,所以空格应该用不定冠词，且是辅音音素开头的单词，故答案为a。Life is better with clean handsHaving clean h
9、ands is important because people often use their hands to touch their eyes,noses and mouths.Touching these a r e a s%(give)germs(细菌)the chance to go into the body.Washing hands is an important lifetime habit for 47(stay)healthy,v doctors say.Cleaning yourhands is one of the best and also the 48(easy
10、)ways to protect yourself from getting sick.But it takesmore than just placing your hands under running water fbr a few 49(second).How can you make sure you are washing your hands 50(correct)?Here are five easy steps you cantake to wash your hands.Wet your hands 51 warm water.Lather up(起泡沫)with soap
11、.Be sure to lather the backs of your h a n d s,52 your fingers,andunder your nails(指甲).Rub(搓揉)your hands for 53 least 20 seconds-about the time it takes to sing Happy Birthday1song twice.Wash your hands 54(good)under warm,running water.Dry your hands with a clean towel(毛 i|J).You should always wash
12、your hands before 55 after eating,after using the toilet,after returninghome,after touching animals.We hope you can have the habit of hand washing.【答案】46.gives47.staying48.easiest49.seconds50.correctly51.with 52.between53.at 54.well55.meals【解析】文章介绍了洗手对于保持健康的重要性，以及正确洗手的步骤。4 6 题详解】句意：触摸这些地方给了细菌进入身体的机会
13、。动名词做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；故填gives。【47题详解】句意：洗手对于保持健康来说是一个重要的终身习惯。for介词，后用动名词doing形式，作介词宾语；故填staying。4 8 题详解】句意：洗手是最好的也是最容易的保护自己不得病的方法之一。根据one o f后用形容词最高级，由 and also可 知 和 best保持一致；故填easiest4 9 题详解】句意：但是它需要的不仅仅是把手放在流动的水下几秒钟。根据a few修饰可数名词复数；故填secondso50题详解】句意：你怎么确定你在正确洗手呢？根据句子结构，可知是副词修饰动词wash；故填correctly。5 1
14、题详解】句意：用温水洗手。根据上句介绍洗手的步骤，结合warm water温水，可知是“用温水洗手”，根据句子结构用介词with用；故填 with【52题详解】句意：确定指甲下、手指间和手背都洗到。根据手的各个部位都洗到，可知是between fingers手指间；故填between。【53题详解】句意：揉搓手至少20秒。根据 about the time it takes to sing Happy Birthday*song twice 大约唱两遍生日歌的时间，可知是 at least 至少；故填ato【54题详解】句意：在温水、流动水下洗手好。根据句子结构，可知是副词修饰动词wash；故
15、填well。【55题详解】句意：你应该饭前饭后洗手。根据生活常识，可知是before meals饭前洗手，名词复数表示一类；故填meals。CThangga(唐卡)is a special kind of painting.It 36(find)only in Tibet,China now.It has a long history37 started from the Tang Dynasty(唐朝).Thangga paintings show Tibetan peoples lives.In recent years,Thangga paintings have caught the
16、publics attention.At the same time,the Chinese government has also tried hard38(protect)the art.39 color of Thangga paintings looks wonderful and special.Because of the special environment of Tibetand the excellent skills of artists,the paints(颜料)used in Thangga are different 40 other ones.They are
17、madefrom minerals(矿物质)like gold and silver,as well as some plants.The paints were made by hand.The beautifulcolors could last for 11(hundred)of years.However,with the development of technology,people now use 42(cheap)and more easily madechemicals to make Thangga paints.The traditional paints 43(take
18、)a lot of work and they were made in manysecret ways.Later people stopped making the paints 14 forgot about them.So the old skills were45(complete)lost.Itrs a pity that the traditional Thangga paintings are difficult to find now.【答案】36.is found37.that/which38.to protect39.The 40,from41.hundreds42.ch
19、eaper43.took pletely【解析】本文主要介绍了中国西藏的唐卡绘画。【36题详解】句意：它现在仅在中国西藏被发现了。它和发现之间是被动关系，表示被发现，故用被动语态；现在now说明是一般现在时。故答案填is found。【37题详解】句意：它从唐朝开始，有很长的历史。定语从句中先行词是history历史，指物；在从句中做主语，关系代词用that/which。故答案填that/which。【38题详解】句意：同时，中国政府也在尽力保护这种艺术。根据句意表示尽力来保护这种艺术，固定搭配try to do s th.,故动词protect要用不定式形式。故答案填toprotecto【3
20、9题详解】句意：唐卡绘画的颜色看起来很漂亮和特别。根据句意表示特指唐卡绘画的颜色，故用定冠词the修饰。故答案填The。【40题详解】句意：唐卡用的颜料和其他的不同。根据句意表示和.不同，固定搭配be different fro m,故答案填from。4 1 题详解】句意：这种漂亮的颜色能持续数百年。根据句意表示数百年，hundreds of数百，成百上千。故答案填hundreds。4 2 题详解】句意：人们现在用更便宜和更容易制作的化学品来制作唐卡颜料。根据句意人们现在用 和更容易制作的化学品来制作唐卡颜料，可知是更容易的，用形容词的比较级形式。故答案填cheaper,4 3 题详解】句意：
21、传统的颜料需要花很多功夫，而且有很多秘密的方法。and连接的两个动词形式一致;were made是一般过去式被动语态，故 take也要用一般过去式。故答案填took。4 4 题详解】句意：后来人们停止生产颜料并且忘记了它们。分析句子成分知，空格处缺少连词；根据句意人们停止生产颜料并且忘记了它们，可知表示并列关系。故答案填and【45题详解】句意：所以旧的技能就完全丧失了。句子成分分析，空格处缺少副词修饰动词lost；故形容词complete要加后缀ly 变成副词。故答案填completely。DStacey Truman works in the dinning hall of Kingsto
22、n Elementary School in Virginia,the USA.Recently,she has 56 a lot of letters.In the letters she was praised for her practice of writing messages of hope on bananas.Early each morning,when students are still at h 57,Truman 58（坐下）at her desk and picks up abanana.Actually,60 bananas or more.Then Truman
23、 writes messages of hope on each banana,such as Your future isbright.and Never 59（放弃）While doing that,shes very patient.Truman 60（过去经常.）do this for her kids.Then she decided that the kids at Kingston might bei 61 in the idea as well.Although the banana peels might be 62（扔掉）after lunch,the messages w
24、ill 63 rimein longafter school is over.Thats 64 most valuable thing.The w 65 on the banana peels can help students havemore courage,said Sharon Shewbridge,the headmaster of Kingston.So far,it has become very popular among kids.Kids who b 66 lunches from home are also coming toschool with talking ban
25、anas from their parents.When the Dole fruit company heard about Trumans efforts,theydecided to give bananas 67 the school,540 bananas 68（总共,合计）one fbr every student.At the sametime,Truman got some help from parents 69 friends.Together they came up 70 sayings and wrotethem on each banana.I want them
26、to have a good day in their school life/Truman said.【答案】56.received57.home 58.sits down59.give up60.used to61.interested62.thrown away63.remain64.the65.words 66,bring67.to 68.in total/in all69.and 70.with【解析】本文讲述了史黛丝杜鲁门在美国弗吉尼亚州金斯顿小学的餐厅工作。最近，她收到了很多来信。在信中，她因在香蕉上写下希望的信息而受到赞扬。杜鲁门曾经为了她的孩子们这样做过。然后她决定金斯顿的孩
27、子们可能也会对这个想法感兴趣。尽管吃完午饭后香蕉皮可能会被扔掉，但这些信息在放学后会保留很长时间。这是最有价值的东西。杜鲁门说：“我希望他们在学校生活中有美好的一天。”5 6 题详解】句意：最近，她收到了很多来信。根 据 a lot of letters”可知很多来信，可推测出此处是“收到”，空前是h a s,所以此处是过去分词，结合所给首字母，故答案为received。5 7 题详解】句意：每天一大早，当学生们还在家时，杜鲁门就坐在她的办公桌前，拿起一根香蕉。at home表 示“在家”，根 据 Early each morning”可知每天一大早，结合所给首字母，可推测出此处是“在家”，故
28、答案为home。【58题详解】句意：每天一大早，当学生们还在家时，杜鲁门就坐在她的办公桌前，拿起一根香蕉。“坐下”在英文中表示为“sit down”，根据主语是人名，可推测出此处是动词三单，故答案为sitsdown。【59题详解】句意：然后杜鲁门在每根香蕉上写下希望的信息，比 如“你的未来是光明的”和“永不放弃”。“放弃”在英文中表示为“giveup”,根 据“writes messages of hope”可知写下希望的信息，可推测出此处是 give u p ,故答案为 give up。【60题详解】句意：杜鲁门过去经常为了她的孩子们这样做过。“过去经常”在英文中表示为“used to”，根
29、据后文她觉得金斯顿的孩子们可能也会对这个想法感兴趣，可推测出此处是“used to”，故答案为used t。6 1 题详解】句意：然后她决定金斯顿的孩子们可能也会对这个想法感兴趣。be interested in表 示“对感兴趣”，根据be动词+形容词，构成系表结构，结合上下文可知是对这个想法感兴趣，结合所给首字母，可推测出此处是“interested”，故答案为interested。6 2 题详解】句意：尽管吃完午饭后香蕉皮可能会被扔掉，但这些信息在放学后会保留很长时间。扔掉”在英文中表示为throwaway”,根 据 banana peels 与 throwaway”之间是被动关系，可推测
30、出此处是情态动词的被动语态，故答案为thrown away【63题详解】句意：尽管吃完午饭后香蕉皮可能会被扔掉，但这些信息在放学后会保留很长时间。根据音标可知是 rem ain,结 合“the messages will 8 rimeinl long after school is over.”,可推测出此处是这些信息在放学后会保留很长时间，所 以 用“remain”，故答案为remain。6 4 题详解】句意：这是最有价值的东西。根 据 most valuable”可知是最高级,可推测出此处是 th e ,故答案为the。6 5 题详解】句意：金斯顿的校长莎伦舍布里奇说：“香蕉皮上的字可以帮
31、助学生们更有勇气。”根 据 such as Your future is bright.and Never give up”可知是单词，且为名词复数，结合所给首字母，可推测出此处是“words”，故答案为words。【66题详解】句意：从家里带来午餐的孩子也会带着父母准备的会说话的香蕉来学校。bring sth from sp表 示“从某地带来某物，根 据u who b 11 lunches from home 可知作定语修饰kids,结合所给首字母，可推测出此处是“bring”，故答案为bring。6 7 题详解】句意：当多尔水果公司听说杜鲁门的努力后，他们决定给学校送去总共540个香蕉，每
32、个学生一个。give sth to sb表 示“把.给 某 人 ，根 据 give bananas 12 the school”,可推测出此处是缺介词“to ，故答案为to。6 8 题详解】句意：当多尔水果公司听说杜鲁门的努力后，他们决定给学校送去总共540个香蕉，每个学生一个。“总共，合计”在英文中表示为“in total/in all”，根 据“540 bananas”可知总共540个香蕉，可推测出此处 是 in total/in all,故答案为 in total/in all。【69题详解】句意：与此同时，杜鲁门得到了一些父母和朋友的帮助。根 据 parents J 4 friends
33、可知是表示并列，可推测出此处是“和”,故答案为and。【70题详解】句意：他们一起想出了一些谚语，并把它们写在每个香蕉上。come up with表 示“想 到 ，根 据 they came up 15 sayingsn可知他们想出了一些谚语,可推测出此处是缺介词“with”，故答案为with。EIn her Facebook post,Alesha Nemecbek writes how her 85-year-old Papa Joe still remembers to show love,affection,and attention to his wife by doing litt
34、le things for her.51 his memory not being as 52(good)as in his younger years,Joe still remembers all of his wifes favorite things and 53(try)to surprise her withthem.Nemechek concludes her post by 54(encourage)people to take this story as a lesson on how it isimportant 55(keep)intentional(有意的)56(mov
35、e)by their long-lasting relationship,Nemechek often shares little things about her57(grandparent)relationship.Recently,she wrote about asking Papa Joe：Whats the one thing you*ve donein your life that youre most proud 58?”And he responded by saying：Marrying your grandmother!”The elderly often teach u
36、s important life lessons.All of the 59(wise)they collected through life canhelp us see things that are truly important in life,such as showing affection to our loved ones.Some of the youngerpeople often take 60 closest ones,including their significant others for granted,and they have a lot tolearn f
37、rom some of those who have managed to keep their relationship strong and fulfilling for decades.【答案】51.Though/Although52.good 53.tries54.encouraging55.to keep56.Moved 57.grandparents*58.of 59.wisdom60.their【解析】这篇短文主要讲述了一位孙女分享了她爷爷在60年后对妻子的爱。5 1 题详解】句意：尽管他的记忆力不如年轻时好。根据 上 文“her 85-year-old Papa Joe sti
38、ll remembers to show love,affection,and attention to his wife by doing little things for her.”她的爷爷乔仍然记得通过为妻子做一些小事来表达对她的爱、爱和关心。这里是让步状语从句，用 though/although引导。故填Though/Although。5 2 题详解】句意：尽管他的记忆力不如年轻时好。这里是同级比较，asas和一样好，这里是形容词作表语，good形容词，好的。故填good。5 3 题详解】句意：乔仍然记得他妻子最喜欢的东西，并试图用它们给她一个惊喜。根据题意是设法给她一个惊喜。短语
39、try to do sth.设法去做某事;根据 uJoe still remembers all of his wifes favorite things w 可知,这里是一般现在时态，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词变第三人称单数，try的第三人称单数是tries。故填tries。5 4 题详解】句意：Nemechek在文章的结尾鼓励人们把这个故事作为一个教训，告诉他们保持有意识是多么重要。by介词，同过方式；通过鼓励人们把这个故事作为一个教训。短语encourage sb.to do sth.鼓励某人做某事；这里用encourage的动名词，故填encouraging,5 5 题详解】句意：N
40、emechek在文章的结尾鼓励人们把这个故事作为一个教训，告诉他们保持有意识是多么重要。保持有意义是多么的重要。it is important to do sth.做某事是重要的，不定式作真正的主语；keep保持，后加形容词。故填to keep。5 6 题详解】句意：被他们长久的关系所感动，Nemechek经常分享她关于她祖父母关系的一些小事情。这里是过去分词作状语，表原因，这里是被他们关系所感动，move动词，感动，这里用过去分词moved。故填Moved。【57题详解】句意：被他们长久的关系所感动，Nemechek经常分享她关于她祖父母关系的一些小事情。这里是他祖父母的关系。这里用名词所有
41、格。grandparentsrelationship父母关系。故填grandparents。【58题详解】句意：你一生中最引以为豪的事是什么？根据下文And he responded by saying：Marrying your grandmother!M的回答可知上文是在问他“引以为豪的事是什么。短语be proud of以为骄傲。故填。f。5 9 题详解】句意：他们一生中收集的所有智慧都能帮助我们看到生命中真正重要的东西。allof+the+名词。所给单词wise形容词，明智的，这里用名词w isdom,意思是“智慧”。故填wisdom。6 0 题详解】句意：一些年轻人常常把他们最亲近的
42、人，包括他们的另一半视为理所当然。这里是他们最亲近的人，主语是“Some of the younger people,这里用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。我 真题再里A【2020湖北省宜昌市】综合填空：根据所给首字母、上下文或汉语提示完成空格中所缺单词，使短文完整通顺，语法正确，每个空只能填一个词。Last week my husband and I took a trip to visit friends and go skiingC 滑雪）.During my time as a p 31,I had flown over these huge mountains many
43、times,admiring the shiny,snow-covered mountain tops from above.However,until last week,I never visited 32 at ground level.The first day we went skiing,we d 33 into the mountains.Soon we followed the roads along the sidesof mountains to the ski places.There we parked our car,I p 34 on my skis（滑雪板）and
44、 went ahead to thelift.As I rode the lift even higher up the mountain,I watched the people b 35 move along the snow.At thetop of the lift everything was so amazing and beautiful.I was 36（站）on the mountain top,which wascircled by more snow-covered mountains-it seemed that I had moved into a 37（明信片）.I
45、 took a momentto reflect on the 38（自然的）beauty around me.It was valuable,not strong,and easily broken!Now,Im back home thinking about the things which I experienced on that mountain top.It reminds me39 important the environment protecting is!Protecting our environment will make people 40 ableto exper
46、ience the same beauty in the future.So lefs take action together to lead to a better future.文章大意：本文作者讲述了自己上周和丈夫起和朋友去滑雪的事情。以前作者在做飞行员时，每次都是从这些大山的上面 过，从上面欣赏那些白雪皑皑的山顶，这次终于可以在地面上拜访这些大山了。站在山顶看着被白雪覆盖的山脉，作者感觉自己似乎已经变成了一张明信片。同时作者也意识到保护环境的重要，并呼吁我们大家一起行动起来保护环境，使我们的地球更加美丽。31.pilol【解析】句意：在我当飞行员的时候。根据下文I had flown
47、 over these huge mounlains many times,我飞过这些大山很多次，结合During my time as a p 31，及首字母提示p,可知此处表达的是“飞行员”，英文表达是p ilo t,可数名词，前面有不定冠词a 修饰，用单数，故答案为pilot。32.them【解析】句意：然而，直到上周，我才在地面上拜访过他们。根据上文I had flown over these hugemountains many times,admiring the shiny,snow-covered mountain tops from above.我已经飞过这些大山很多次，从上
48、面欣赏那闪亮的，被白雪覆盖的山顶。However,until last week,I never visited 32 at groundlevel.由转折词However可知，作者以前总是在空中K过时欣赏白雪皑皑的山顶，直到上周，作者亲自登上了这些山顶，才在地面上拜访过他们。设空处指代前面的mountains,而且用在谓语动词visited的后面，所以用宾格代词them来替代，故答案为them。33.drove【解析】句意：第一天我们去滑雪，我们开车进了山里。根据下文There we parked our car,我们把车停在那里，结合The first day we went skiing
49、,we d 33 into the mounlains.及首字母提示，可知是我们开车进了山里，drive开车、驾驶，动词，由前面的went可知句子时态用一般过去时，drive的过去式为drove,故答案为droveo34.put【解析】句意：我穿上滑雪板，直奔电梯。根据I p 34 on my skis（滑雪板）and went ahead to the lift.由后面的关键词o n,结合首字母提示，可知是“穿上”滑雪板，pulon穿上，固定词组，由后面的went可知句子时态用一般过去时，put的过去式为p u t,故答案为put。35.below【解析】句意：当我乘电梯上山的时候，我看到下
50、面的人正在雪地上移动。根据上文Asi rode the lifteven higher up the mountain,当我乘电梯上山的时候，结合 I watched the people b 35 move along the now.及首字母提示，可知是看到下面的人正在移动，“在下面”用 below,故答案为below。36.standing【解析】句意：我站在山顶上，周围是更多被白雪覆盖的山。根据I was 36（站）on the mountaintop,结合汉语提示“站”，可知英文表达是stan d,由前面的系动词w a s,可知句子时态用过去进行时，即was/were+动词的现在分词