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1、2016年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题（A卷）学科、专业名称：外国语言文学研究方向：英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学考试科目名称：外 语（英）水平考试 考试科目代码：7 0 6考生注意：所有答案必须写在答题纸（卷）上,写在本试题上一律不给分。Part I.Vocabulary and Structure(30 points)Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences inare 4 choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose theand write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.
2、this section.For each sentence thereone that best completes the sentence1.The Olympic Games were watched by_billions of people around the world.A.virtually B.literally C.deliberately D.appropriately2.In a materialistic and_society peoples interestpursuit.A.adaptive B.addictive C.acquisitiveseems to
3、be focused solely on monetaryD.arrogant3.1 found it difficult to_my career ambitions with the need to bring up my children.A.intensify B.reconcile C.consolidate D.amend4.Both dogs diet and structure are_to those of the human being,and so it has been the subjectof countless demonstrations and experim
4、ents.A.comparable B.comparative C.equal D.contrary5.We need one hundred more signatures before we take the_to the governor.A.plea B.petition C.patent D.claim6.Due to sluggish market conditions,the factorys workforce has_from over 4000 to a fewhundred.A.proclaimed B.dwindled C.repressed D.indulged7.U
5、ke most other American companies with a rigiddefined duties.A.vitality B.jurisdiction C.hierarchy_,workers and managers have strictlyD.bureaucracy8.It is required that during the process,great care hasdamage.A.sensitive B.sensible C.tenderto be taken to protect the_silk fromD.delicate考 试 科 目：外 语（英）水
6、平考试共1 1 页第1 页9.Poverty and domestic violence make it easy for her to trust that bad things will happen and takethis_happiness away.A.adversary B.vulgar C.fragile D.superfluous10.The industry has pumped_ amounts of money into political campaigns,making it less andless likely that politicians will dea
7、l with the issue sensibly.A.potential B.substantial C.massive D.traditional11.The university has sought to a special fund for physically disabled students.A.administer B.compliment C.perform D.institute12._ Rumors are everywhere,spreading fear,damaging reputations,and turning calm situations intoone
8、s.A.tragic B.vulnerable C.turbulent D.suspicious13.Bad traveling conditions had seriously_ their progress to their destination in that region.A.tugged B.demolished C.hampered D.destroyed14.When cooperating with the American specialists in the States,I _myself of the opportunityto improve my English.
9、A.availed B.allowed C.deprived D.indulged15.The structure of this animals brain gives no_ that it is any more intelligent than others.A.indication B.index C.hint D.implication16.There ought to be less anxiety over the perceived risk of getting cancer than_ in the publicmind today.A.exists B.exist C.
10、existing D.existed17.He told us how he dealt with the self-interest of countries to bring them into a kind ofinternational accord_everyone seemed to benefit.A.where B.which C.that D.what18.Rarely_ occur without a corresponding physical ailment.A.chronic mental fatigue B.is chronic mental fatigueC.do
11、es chronic mental fatigue D.chronic mental fatigue does19.Minoan civilization_rapidly after a huge volcanic eruption;Crete was eventually overrunwith people from mainland Greece.A.declining B.declined C.was declined D.to decline20.The phenomenon provides a way for companies to remain globally compet
12、itive_avoidingmarket cycles and the growing burdens imposed by employment rules,healthcare costs andpension plans.A.but B.while C.and D.whereas考 试 科 目：外 语（英）水平考试共1 1 页第2页21.Vitamins are similar because they are made of the same elements-usually carbon,hydrogen,oxygen,and sometimes nitrogen.They are
13、different_their elements are arranged differently.A.in that B.so that C.such that D.except that22.The individual TV viewer invariably senses that he or she is_an anonymous,statisticallyinsignificant part of a huge and diverse audience.A.everything except B.anything but C.no less than D.nothing more
14、than23.Annie Jump Cannon,_ discovered so many stars that she was called“the census taker of thesky”.A.a leading astronomer who B.who,as a leading astronomer,C.was a leading astronomer D.a leading astronomer,24.Used only for wall surfaces that are exposed to view or require a decorative effect,_.A.th
15、e exactness in shape,size,and color of face brickB.face brick must be exact in shape,size,and colorC.must be face brick which is exact in shape,size and colorD.the shape,size,and color must be exact of face brick25.Nearly all trees contain a mix of polymers that can bum like petroleum_ properly extr
16、acted.A.after B.if C.when it D.is26.Playwright Lillian Hellmans dramas are marked by their intelligent and_.A.weaved tight plots B.plots are tightly wovenC.tightly woven plots D.weaving of tight plots27.Even at low levels,_.A.the nervous system has produced detrimental effects by leadB.leads detrime
17、ntal effects are producing the nervous systemC.lead produces detrimental effects on the nervous systemD.the detrimental effects produced by lead on the nervous system28.When Jane fell off the bike,the other children_.A.were not able to help laughter B.could not help but laughingC.could not help laug
18、hing D.could not help to laugh29.Founded around 1075,the Acoma Pueblo is considered_ settlement in the United States.A.the oldest continuously occupied B.occupied continuously the oldestC.the oldest occupied continuously D.continuously the oldest occupied30.debate and discussion,opposing ideas are p
19、resented in an attempt to persuade people.A.Both B.Although both C.That both D.In both考 试 科 目：外 语（英）水平考试共1 1 页第3页考 试 科 目：外 语（英）水平考试Part IL Proof-reading and Error Correction(10 points)Directions:Proofread the given passage as instructed.The passage contains TEN errors.Each indicated line contains a
20、maximum ONE error.In each case,only ONE word isinvolved.You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way:For a w ro*word Underline the wrong and write the correct one in the blankprovided on the answer sheet.For a missing word Mark the position of the missing word with a signand
21、write the word you believe to be missing in the blankprovided on the answer sheet.For an unnecessary word Cross the unnecessary word with a slash and put theword in the blank provided on the answer sheet.Some people say love makes the world go around.Others say it isnot love;ifs money.Since the trut
22、h is that it is energy that makes theworld go around.Energy is the currency of the ecological system andlife becomes possible even when food is converted into energy,whichin turn is used to seek more food to grow,to reproduce and to survive.In this cycle all life depends.It is fairly well known that
23、 wild animalssurvive from year to year by eating as many as they can during timesof plenty,the summer and fall,storing the excess,usually in the formof fat,and then using these reserves of fat to survive during the hardtime in winter when food is scarce.But it is probably less well knownthat even wi
24、th their stored fat,wild animals spend less energy to live inwinter than in summer.A good case in point is white-tailed deer.Likemost wildlife,deer reproduce,grow,and store fat in the summer andfall when there is plenty of nutritious food available.A physicallymature female deer in the good conditio
25、n who has conceived inNovember and was given birth to two fawns during the end of Mayand first part of June,must search fbr food for the necessary energy notonly to meet her bodys needs but also to reproduce milk fbr her fawns.The best milk production occurs at the same time that new plantgrowth is
26、available.This is good timing,because milk production is anenergy consuming processit requires a lot of food.The cost can bemet unless the region has ample food resources.1._2._3._4._5._6._7._8._9._10._共1 1 页第4页Part III.Cloze(20 points):Directions:There are 20 blanks in the fallowing passage.You are
27、 required to read thepassage and fill in each bank with a word from the word bank,and change the formwhere necessary.Do not use any of the words in the bank more than once.basereducelimitcomparedaterepresentsynonymhomonympronounceindicateproportionaterestrictexceedvarietycontrastapproximatecomposesy
28、mbolrecombineexistvarydevelopcomplicatedmajorityminorityThe Chinese writing system is one of the oldest known written languages.Some of theearliest examples of ancient Chinese writing _1_ back to over 4000 years ago.The firstcharacters to be developed were pictographs,or pictures of objects.The symb
29、ol for tusun lookedlike a sun,and the symbol fbr 4tree looked like a tree.When symbols fbr more_2_conceptswere needed,an _3_ character with the same pronunciation was used to _4_ thepronunciation of the word.The written language therefore_5_according to the sound of thewords,not just their meaning.T
30、here are some pictograph and ideograph characters,but about 90per cent of characters have a phonetic element.Each character is_6_of elements that can berecombined to form new words_7_on its meaning or sound.For example,the element 木(tree)can be_8_with other elements to form the word fbr 4fbresf,(bas
31、ed on its meaning)orthe word fbr“bathe”or ttwash(based on its sound).Each character can have a number of different pronunciations that also _9_ differentmeanings.The _10_ of characters change only the tone pitch,but there are also manycharacters that have several very different_11_.As Chinese has a
32、relatively_12_ numberof sounds in its phonemic system,there are also many_13_ 一 words that have the samesound but different meanings.Chinese character elements can be recombined in lots of ways and the number of possible newcharacters is_14_.It is thought the total number of characters ever used_15_
33、 100,000.Average dictionaries contain about 10,000 characters,two thirds of which are rarely used.It is saidthat a Chinese speaker needs_16_ 3,000 characters to read and understand 99 per cent ofmodem texts.There are many different_17_ of spoken Chinese and it is common fbr speakers ofChinese to be
34、able to speak several_18_ of the language.They are,however,all_ 19_ bythe same written script.This_20_with English where the systems of spoken and writtenlanguage are more tightly connected.This is one major difference between Chinese and Westernconcepts of language.Part IV.Reading Comprehension(30
35、points)Directions:In this section,there are three passages followed by questions orunfinished statements,each with four suggested answers marked At B,Cf and D.Choose the best answer and write the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage 1考 试 科 目：外 语（英）水平考试共1 1 页第5页Robert Capa is a name that
36、 has for many years been synonymous with war photography.Bornin Hungary in 1913,Capa was forced to leave his native country after his involvement inanti-government protests.After his arrival in Berlin,he had first found work as a photographer.Helater left Germany and moved to France due to the rise
37、in Nazism.In 1936,Capa went to Spainand it was here over the next three years that he built his reputation as a war photographer.It washere too in 1936 that he took one of his most famous pictures,The Death of a Loyalist Soldier.Oneof Capas most famous quotes was If your pictures arent good enough,y
38、oure not close enough/And he took his attitude of getting close to the action to an extreme.His photograph,The Death ofa Loyalist Soldier is a prime example of this as Capa captures the very moment the soldier falls.However,many have questioned the authenticity of this photograph,claiming that it wa
39、s staged.When World War 1 1 broke out,Capa was in New York,but he was soon back in Europe coveringthe war for Life magazine.Some of his most famous work was created on 6th June 1944 when heswam ashore with the first assault on Omaha Beach in the D-Day invasion of Normandy.Capa,armed only with two ca
40、meras,took more than one hundred photographs in the first hour of thelanding,but a mistake in the darkroom during the drying of the film destroyed all but eight frames.It was the images from these frames however that inspired the visual style of Steven SpielbergsOscar winning movie Saving Private Ry
41、an.When Life magazine published the photographs,theyclaimed that they were slightly out of focus,and Capa later used this as the title of hisautobiographical account of the war.Capas private life was no less dramatic.He was friend to many of Hollywoods directors,actors and actresses.In 1943 he fell
42、in love with the wife of actor John Austin.His affair with herlasted until the end of the war and became the subject of his war memoirs.He was at one timelover to actress Ingrid Bergman.Their relationship finally ended in 1946 when he refused to settlein Hollywood and went off to Turkey.In 1947 Capa
43、 was among a group of photojoumalists who founded Magnum Photos.This was aco-operative organization set up to support photographers and to help them to retain ownership ofthe copyright to their work.Capa went on to document many other wars.He never attempted to glamorize war though,butto record the
44、horror.He once said,The desire of any war photographer is to be put out ofbusiness/1Capa died as he had lived.After promising not to photograph any more wars,he accepted anassignment to go to Indochina to cover the first Indochina war.On May 25th 1954 Capa wasaccompanying a French regiment when he l
45、eft his jeep to take some photographs of the advanceand stepped on a land mine.He was taken to a nearby hospital,still clutching his camera,but waspronounced dead on arrival.He left behind him a testament to the horrors of war and a standard fbrphotojournalism that few others have been able to reach
46、.Capas legacy has lived on though and in 1966 his brother Cornell founded the InternationalFund fbr Concerned Photography in his honor.There is also a Robert Capa Gold Medal,which isgiven to the photographer who publishes the best photographic reporting from abroad withevidence of exceptional courag
47、e.But perhaps his greatest legacy of all is the haunting images ofthe human struggles that he captured.1.Capa went to Spain and became renowned as a.A.fighter.B.holiday maker.考 试 科 目：外 语（英）水平考试共1 1 页第6页C.photographer.D.writer.2.Capas famous picture Death of a Loyalist Sol di e r.A.was taken by someo
48、ne else.B.was definitely genuine.C.wasnt even taken in Spain.D.cannot be proven genuine or staged.3.A mistake meant that.A.only one hundred of Capas photographs were published.B.Capa lost both of his two cameras.C.Capas images inspired an Oscar winning movie.D.Most of Capas images of the D-Day landi
49、ng were destroyed.4.Capas private life was.A.less dramatic than his professional life.B.spent mostly in Hollywood.C.very glamorous.D.spent in Turkey.5.Capa wanted his work to.A.be very famous.B.show how glamorous war can be.C.show the true horror of war.D.make lots of money.Passage 2Most people can
50、remember a phone number for up to thirty seconds.When this short amountof time elapses,however,the numbers are erased from the memory.How did the information getthere in the first place?Information that makes its way to the short term memory(STM)does sovia the sensory storage area.The brain has a fi