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1、2023年托福阅读真题试卷托福阅读1-58真题优质 范文为教学中作为模范的文章，也经常用来指写作的模板。经常用于文秘写作的参考，也可以作为演讲材料编写前的参考。写范文的时候须要留意什么呢？有哪些格式须要留意呢？以下是我为大家搜集的优质范文，仅供参考，一起来看看吧 托福阅读真题试卷 托福 阅读1-58 真题篇一 没有一个高校，是比拥有我们从未运用过的实力的大自我和人类意志与理智所创建的现实，更能应有尽有的了。以下是我为大家搜寻整理的历年托福阅读考试真题复习，希望能给大家带来帮助!更多精彩内容请刚好关注我们应届毕业生考试网! the most thoroughly studied cases of
2、 deception strategies employed by ground-nesting birds involve plovers, small birds that typically nest on beaches or in open fields, their nests merely scrapes in the sand or earth. plovers also have an effective repertoire of tricks for distracting potential nest predators from their exposed and d
3、efenseless eggs or chicks. the ever-watchful plover can detect a possible threat at a considerable distance. when she does, the nesting bird moves inconspicuously off the nest to a spot well away from eggs or chicks. at this point she may use one of several ploys. one technique involves first moving
4、 quietly toward an approaching animal and then setting off noisily through the grass or brush in a low, crouching run away from the nest, while emitting rodent like squeaks. the effect mimics a scurrying mouse or vole, and the behavior rivets the attention of the type of predators that would also be
5、 interested in eggs and chicks. another deception begins with quiet movement to an exposed and visible location well away from the nest. once there, the bird pretends to incubate a brood. when the predator approaches, the parent flees, leaving the false nest to be searched. the direction in which th
6、e plover escapes is such that if the predator chooses to follow, it will be led still further away from the true nest. the plovers most famous stratagem is the broken-wing display, actually a continuum of injury-mimicking behaviors spanning the range from slight disability to near-complete helplessn
7、ess. one or both wings are held in an abnormal position, suggesting injury. the bird appears to be attempting escape along an irregular route that indicates panic. in the most extreme version of the display, the bird flaps one wing in an apparent attempt to take to the air, flops over helplessly, st
8、ruggles back to its feet, runs away a short distance, seemingly attempts once more to take off, flops over again as the useless wing fails to provide any lift, and so on. few predators fail to pursue such obviously vulnerable prey. needless to say, each short run between flight attempts is directed
9、away from the nest. 1. what does the passage mainly discuss? (a) the nest-building techniques of plovers (b) how predators search for plovers (c) the strategies used by plovers to deceive predators (d) why plovers are vulnerable to predators 2. the word merely in fine 3 is closest in meaning to (a)
10、often (b) only (c) usually (d) at first 3. which of the following is mentioned in the passage about plovers? (a) their eggs and chicks are difficult to find. (b) they are generally defenseless when away from their nests. (c) they are slow to react in dangerous situations. (d) their nests are on the
11、surface of the ground. 4. the word emitting in line 10 is closest in meaning to (a) bringing (b) attracting (c) producing (d) minimizing 5. in the deception technique described in paragraph 2, the plover tries to (a) stay close to her nest (b) attract the predators attention (c) warn other plovers o
12、f danger (d) frighten the approaching predator 6. the word spanning in line 19 is closest in meaning to (a) covering (b) selecting (c) developing (d) explaining 7. according to paragraph 4, which of the following aspects of the plovers behavior gives the appearance that it is frightened? (a) abnorma
13、l body position (b) irregular escape route (c) unnatural wing movement (d) unusual amount of time away from the nest 8. the word pursue in line 25 is closest in meaning to (a) catch (b) notice (c) defend (d) chase 9. according to the passage , a female plover utilizes all of the following deception
14、techniques except (a) appearing to be injured (b) sounding like another animal (c) pretending to search for prey (d) pretending to sit on her eggs 10. which of the following best describes the organization of the passage ? (a) a description of the sequence of steps involved in plovers nest building (b) a generalization about plover behavior followed by specific examples (c) a comparison and contrast of the nesting behavior of plovers and other ground nesting birds (d) a cause-and-effect analysis of the relationship between a prey and a predator 参考答案：cbdcb abdcb s(content_relate);