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1、1 人教版八年级上册英语知识点 Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?重点短语 1.go on vacation 去度假 2.stay at home 待在家里 3.go to the mountains 去爬山 4.go to the beach 去海滩 5.visit museums 参观博物馆 6.go to summer camp 去参加夏令营 7.quite a few 相当多 8.study for 为而学习9.go out 出去 10.most of the time 大部分时间 11.taste good 尝起来很好吃 12.have a goo
2、d time 玩得高兴 13.of course 当然 14.feel like 给的感觉；感受到15.go shopping 去购物 16.in the past 在过去 17.walk around 四处走走 18.because of 因为 19.one bowl of 一碗20.the next day 第二天 21.drink tea 喝茶 22.find out 找出；查明 23.go on 继续 24.take photos 照相 25.something important 重要的事 26.up and down 上上下下 e up 出来 28.buy sth.for sb./
3、buy sb.sth.为某人买某物 29.taste+adj.尝起来30.look+adj.看起来31.nothing but+动词原形 除了之外什么都没有2 32.seem+（to be）+adj.看起来33.arrive in+大地点/arrive at+小地点 到达某地 34.decide to do sth.决定去做某事 35.try doing sth.尝试做某事/36.try to do sth.尽力去做某事 37.forget doing sth.忘记做过某事/38.forget to do sth.忘记做某事 39.enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 40.want t
4、o do sth.想去做某事 41.start doing sth.开始做某事 42.stop doing sth.停止做某事 43.dislike doing sth.不喜欢做某事 44.keep doing sth.继续做某事 45.Why not do.sth.?为什么不做呢？46.so+adj.+that+从句 如此以至于47.tell sb.(not)to do sth.告诉某人（不要）做某事 48.have a good time=enjoy oneself=have fun(doing sth.)玩得痛快 三、重点句子：1.Where did you go on vacation
5、?你去哪儿度假的？2.Long time no see.好久不见。3.Did you go anywhere interesting?你去有趣的地方了吗？4.I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax.大多数时间我只呆在家里看书和放松。5.Everything was excellent.一切都很棒。6.I bought something for my father.我给我爸爸买了些东西。7.How did you like it？你觉得它怎么样？8.I arrived at Penang in Malaysia this
6、 morning with my family.今天早晨我和家人到达马来西亚槟城。9.For lunch,we had something very special.午饭我们吃了很特别的东西。10.but many of the old buildings are still there.但是许多旧的建筑物还在那里。11.My father and I decided to go to Penang Hill today.今天我和爸爸决定去槟城山。12.And because of the bad weather,we couldn t see anything below.并且因为糟糕的天气
7、，我们看不见下面的任何东西。语法：照相重要的事上上下下出来为某人买某物尝起来看起来动词原形除了之外什么都没有看起来大地点小地点到达某地决 欢做某事继续做某事为什么不做呢从句如此以至于告诉某人不要做某事玩得痛快三重点句子你去哪儿度假的好久不见 早晨我和家人到达马来西亚槟城午饭我们吃了很特别的东西但是许多旧的建筑物还在那里今天我和爸爸决定去槟城并3 复合不定代词或副的构成及用法 构成：由 some,any,no,every 分别加上-body,-thing,-one 构成的不定代词叫做合成不定代词；加上-where构成副词。用法：（1）合成不定代词在句中可以作主语，宾语或表语等。Nobody wi
8、ll listen to him.He wants something to eat.（2）不定代词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。There is nothing wrong with the TV.Everybody likes reading.（3）some-不定代词，通常用于肯定句中；any-不定代词则多用于否定句、疑问句中。但 some-可用于表请求、邀请、预料对方会作肯定回答时的疑问句中。Someone is calling me.There isn t anyone else there.Is anybody over there?Could you give me somethin
9、g to eat?（4）形容词修饰不定代词时，通常要放在不定代词之后。There is something delicious on the table.（5）somewhere,anywhere,nowhere,everywhere 用作副词。Flowers come out everywhere.注：形容词修饰不定代词要后置：anything special 不定代词做主语时谓语用单数.巩固练习：用不定代词或不定副词填空：1.I can t hear anything=I can hear _.2.There is _ on the floor.Please pick it up.3.Di
10、d _ go to play basketball with you?4.I phoned you last night,but _ answered it.5.Maybe _ put my pencil _.I can t find it _.1.arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family.(翻译)_ arrive 为不及物动词，意为 _,arrive in 到达+大地方（国家 省 市）arrive at 到达+小地方（机场 商店等)get to 到达+地方 reach 到达+地方 照相重要的事上上下下出来为某人买某物尝
11、起来看起来动词原形除了之外什么都没有看起来大地点小地点到达某地决 欢做某事继续做某事为什么不做呢从句如此以至于告诉某人不要做某事玩得痛快三重点句子你去哪儿度假的好久不见 早晨我和家人到达马来西亚槟城午饭我们吃了很特别的东西但是许多旧的建筑物还在那里今天我和爸爸决定去槟城并4 The Smiths_ New York at 8:00 last night.A.arrived at B.got to C.reach D.arrived 2.so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel.(翻译)_ 3.decide 为及物动词，意为决定，决心。决定做
12、某事：_.4.My sister and I tried paragliding.（翻译）_ try to do sth.意为 _;try doing sth.意为 _ We shouldn t try _(study)English,we should try _(study)English.5.I felt like I was a bird.(翻译)_ _.feel like 意为 _ 后常接 _.另外 feel like 还意为 _ Do you feel like a cup of tea?6.I wonder what life was like here in the past.
13、（翻译）_ wonder 为及物动词，意为“想知道”，后常接疑问词（who,what,why)引导的从句。I wonder _ you are doing.(我想知道你正在做什么。)6.What a difference a day makes!感叹句，结构为 What+名词+主语+谓语！补充：_ 7.We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people._ 为等候,后接人或物。_ 为太多，后接可数名词复数;_+不可数名词（money）;_ 为太后接形容词或副词（big）8.My father didn
14、t bring enough money.Enough 后可接 _，其形式分别为 _；_。(1)want to do sth.想要做某事(2)want sb.to do sth.想要某人做某事(3)would like to do sth.想要做某事(4)(2)decide to do sth.决定做某事(5)decide on 决定某事 不规则动词过去式：am,is-was are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said give-gave get-got,go-went come-came have-had,eat-ate take-took run-ran,sing-s
15、ang,put-put,make-made read-read,write-wrote draw-drew drink-drank,fly-flew,ride-rode,speak-spoke,sweep-swept buy-bought,swim-swam,sit-sat,照相重要的事上上下下出来为某人买某物尝起来看起来动词原形除了之外什么都没有看起来大地点小地点到达某地决 欢做某事继续做某事为什么不做呢从句如此以至于告诉某人不要做某事玩得痛快三重点句子你去哪儿度假的好久不见 早晨我和家人到达马来西亚槟城午饭我们吃了很特别的东西但是许多旧的建筑物还在那里今天我和爸爸决定去槟城并5 bring
16、-brought,can-could,cut-cut become-became,begin-began,draw-drew feel-felt find-found forget-forgot hear-heard keep-kept know-knew,learn-learnt（learned）leave-left,let-let,lose-lost,meet-met,read-read,sleep-slept,speak-spoke,take-took teach-taught,tell-told,wake-woke Unit2 How often do you exercise?重点短
17、语 such as 例如；诸如 junk food n.垃圾食品；无营养食品 more than 超过；多于；不仅仅；非常 less than 不到；少于 help with housework 帮助做家务 on weekends 在周末 how often 多久一次 hardly ever 几乎从不 once a week 每周一次 twice a month 每月两次 every day 每天 be free 有空 go to the movies 去看电影 use the Internet 用互联网 swing dance 摇摆舞 play tennis 打网球 stay up late
18、 熬夜；睡得很晚 at least 至少 have dance and piano lessons 上舞蹈课和钢琴课 go to bed early 早点睡觉 play sports 进行体育活动 be good for 对有好处go camping 去野营 not at all 一点儿也不in one s free time 在某人的业余时间 the most popular 最受欢迎的 such as 比如；诸如 old habits die hard 积习难改 go to the dentist 去看牙医 morn than 多于；超过 less than 少于 help sb.with
19、 sth.帮助某人做某事 How about?.怎么样？want sb.to do sth.想让某人做某事 How many+可数名词复数+一般疑问句？有多少?spend time with sb.和某人一起度过时光 It s+adj.+to do sth.做某事的的。ask sb.about sth.向某人询问某事 by doing sth.通过做某事 What s your favorite?你最喜爱的是什么？照相重要的事上上下下出来为某人买某物尝起来看起来动词原形除了之外什么都没有看起来大地点小地点到达某地决 欢做某事继续做某事为什么不做呢从句如此以至于告诉某人不要做某事玩得痛快三重点句
20、子你去哪儿度假的好久不见 早晨我和家人到达马来西亚槟城午饭我们吃了很特别的东西但是许多旧的建筑物还在那里今天我和爸爸决定去槟城并6 the best way to do sth.做某事的最好方式 三重点语法(一)重点句型 1.-What do you usually do on weekends?-I often go to the movies.(1)on weekends/on the weekend 在周末(2)go to the movies 去看电影(3)第一个 do 助动词 第二个 do 实意动词 2.hardly ever 几乎从不 hardly ever 相当于 hardly,
21、ever 起强调作用。hardly 为副词，意为“几乎不没有）”，相当于 almost not，本身具有否定含义，不能再使用其他否定词。E.g.She hardly eats anything.辨析:hardly 和 hard hard 作形容词，意为“困难的，艰苦的，硬的”；hard 作副词，意为“努力地，猛烈地”。hardly 意为“几乎不”(1)The ground is too to dig(2)I can understand them.(3)Its raining,the people can go outside.3.-How often do you watch TV?-Twi
22、ce a week.(1)how often 意为“多久一次，多长时间一次”，用来提问频率。(2)twice a week 一周两次拓展:一次 once 两次 twice 三次或三次以上 基数词+times three times four times 4.Whats your favorite program?=What program do you like best?你最喜欢的节目是什么？5.How come?怎么回事？怎么会？表示某件事情很奇怪，有点想不通；可单独使用，也可引导一个问句。相当于疑问词 why。但 how come 开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍是陈述语序。How come y
23、ou didnt tell me about it?=Why you didnt tell me about it?6.I go to the movies maybe once a month.我也许一个月去看一次电影。maybe 副词，意为“或许，大概，可能”，常位于句首。E.g.Maybe he knows the way to the park.辨析：maybe 与 may be maybe 副词，作状语，意为“或许，大概，可能”，常位于句首。may be 属于“情态动词+be 动词”结构，意为“可能是”。(1)The baby is crying she is hungry.(2)T
24、he woman a teacher.7.Last month we asked our students about their free time activities.ask ab.about sth.询问某人某事照相重要的事上上下下出来为某人买某物尝起来看起来动词原形除了之外什么都没有看起来大地点小地点到达某地决 欢做某事继续做某事为什么不做呢从句如此以至于告诉某人不要做某事玩得痛快三重点句子你去哪儿度假的好久不见 早晨我和家人到达马来西亚槟城午饭我们吃了很特别的东西但是许多旧的建筑物还在那里今天我和爸爸决定去槟城并7 8.We all know that many students
25、often go online,but we were surprised that ninety percent of them use the Internet every day.The other ten percent use it at least three or four times a week.我们都知道许多 学生经常上网，但是让我们感到惊讶的是 90%的学生每天都上网，而另外 10%的学生一周至少上网达 三至四次。(1)other:adj.其他的+名词 the other:adj.其他的+名词(在特定的范围内)one,the other,一个,另一个E.g.One of
26、them is blue，the other ones are purple.它们的其中一个是蓝色的，其他的是紫色的。others:其他的东西 the others:其他的东西(在特定的范围内)E.g.One of the children likes reading，the others like singing.后句可替换为 the other students like singing.(2)at least 至少 at most 最多，至多E.g.I have ten yuan in my pocket at most.9.Most students use it for fun an
27、d not for homework.大多数学生上网是为了娱乐而不是为了写家庭作业。10.The answers to our questions about watching television were also interesting.关于看电视的调查结果也十分的有趣。the answers to our questions 问题的答案dance to the music 和着音乐的节奏跳舞key to the lock 这把锁的钥匙11.Although many students like to watch sports,game shows are the most popula
28、r.尽管许多学生喜欢看体育节目，但是娱乐节目是最流行的。12.It is good to relax by using the Internet of watching game shows,but we think the best way to relax is through exercise.通过使用因特网看娱乐节目来放松很不错，但是我们认为最好的放松方式是通过锻炼来放松。(1)It s+adj.+to do sth 做某事,的E.g.It s very easy to learn English well.(2)by doing sth.通过做某事(3)the best way to
29、 do sth.is 做某事的最好方式13.It is healthy for the mind and the body.这有益于身心健康。stay healthy=keep healthy=keep in good health 保持健康14.Old habits die hard.旧习难改。(二)语法知识:频度副词1.频度副词的含义(1)表示次数、频率的副词称为频度副词。照相重要的事上上下下出来为某人买某物尝起来看起来动词原形除了之外什么都没有看起来大地点小地点到达某地决 欢做某事继续做某事为什么不做呢从句如此以至于告诉某人不要做某事玩得痛快三重点句子你去哪儿度假的好久不见 早晨我和家人
30、到达马来西亚槟城午饭我们吃了很特别的东西但是许多旧的建筑物还在那里今天我和爸爸决定去槟城并8 常用的频度副词按高低依次为 always usually sometimes seldom hadly ever never 100%80%60%30%10%0%(2)表示具体的频率、次数时，一次用 once，两次用 twice，三次或三次以上用“基数词+times”表示:three times,four times,six times 2.频度副词在句中的位置(1)频度副词一般在实意动词之前，be 动词、助动词或情态动词之后 E.g.We never eat junk food.Lucy is so
31、metimes very busy.I can hardly say a word.(2)有些频度副词也可位于句首，但表示不同含义 sometimes 常位于句首，和位于句中区别不大。E.g.Sometimes Jack plays computer games.often 用于句首时，通常表示强调，且其前一般有 quite，very 修饰 E.g.Very often he goes online.Usually 也可位于句首，其前不用修饰语。E.g.Usually my father goes up early.Always 一般不用于句首，但可以用在祈使句中。E.g.Always rem
32、ember this.3.对频度副词提问时，用 how often E.g.-How often do you go to the movies?-Once a month Unit3 Im more outgoing than my sister.重点短语 1.more outgoing 更外向 2.as as 与一样3.the singing competition 唱歌比赛 4.be similar to 与相像的/类似的 5.the same as 和相同；与一致6.be different from 与不同7.care about 关心；介意 8.be like a mirror 像
33、一面镜子 9.the most important 最重要的 10.as long as 只要；既然 11.bring out 使显现；使表现出 12.get better grades 取得更好的成绩 照相重要的事上上下下出来为某人买某物尝起来看起来动词原形除了之外什么都没有看起来大地点小地点到达某地决 欢做某事继续做某事为什么不做呢从句如此以至于告诉某人不要做某事玩得痛快三重点句子你去哪儿度假的好久不见 早晨我和家人到达马来西亚槟城午饭我们吃了很特别的东西但是许多旧的建筑物还在那里今天我和爸爸决定去槟城并9 13.reach for 伸手取 14.in fact 事实上；实际上 15.ma
34、ke friends 交朋友 16.the other 其他的 17.touch one s heart 感动某人 18.be talented in music 有音乐天赋 19.be good at 擅长20.be good with 善于与相处21.have fun doing sth.享受做某事的乐趣 22.be good at doing sth 擅长做某事 23.make sb.do sth.让某人做某事 24.want to do sth.想要做某事 25.as+adj./adv.的原级+as 与一样26.It s+adj.+for sb.to do sth.对某人来说，做某事的
35、。三重点语法(一)重点句型 1.Both Sam and Tom can play the drums,but Sam plays them better than Tom.萨姆和汤姆都 会打鼓，但是萨姆比汤姆打得要好一些。both(1)表示“两者都”，both 用在含有 be 动词的句中，应放在 be 动词的后面；用在含有行为动词 的句中，应放在行为动词的前面，(2)both and 表示“两者都”，both.and 在句中连接并列成分，如主语、谓语、表语、宾语等，位 置比较灵活。E.g.Both New York and London have traffic problems.(连接主语
36、)The secretary both speaks and writes Spanish.(连接谓语)【考例】My parents _ doctors.A.both are B.all are C.are all D.are both拓展：all 表示“三者或三者以上全都”的意思，every 指三个以上的人或物(含三个)，each 指两个以上的人或物(含两个)。练习：用 all,both,every,each 填空 1)My brothers and I are _l at school.2)_ student may have one book.3)_Tom and Jim are my
37、good friends.4)Three students are flying kites,they are_ in Class 1.2.Tara works as hard as Tina.塔拉学习和蒂娜一样努力。照相重要的事上上下下出来为某人买某物尝起来看起来动词原形除了之外什么都没有看起来大地点小地点到达某地决 欢做某事继续做某事为什么不做呢从句如此以至于告诉某人不要做某事玩得痛快三重点句子你去哪儿度假的好久不见 早晨我和家人到达马来西亚槟城午饭我们吃了很特别的东西但是许多旧的建筑物还在那里今天我和爸爸决定去槟城并10 as.as 意为“与一样”，as.as 中间接形容词或副词的原级。
38、其否定结构 not as/so.as 意为“不如”。E.g.He is as tall as his father.他和他爸爸一样高。Tom gets up as early as Jim.汤姆起得和吉姆一样早。Lucy isn t as outgoing as Mary.露西不如玛丽外向。注意：(1)其否定式为 not as/so+adj./adv.+as。E.g.This dictionary is not as/so useful as you think.(2)若有修饰成分，如 twice,three times,half,a quarter 等，则须置于第一个 as 之前。E.g.Y
39、our bag is twice as expensive as mine.你的包比我的贵一倍。3.You can tell that Lisa really wanted to win,though.不过，你能看得出来，丽萨确实想赢。win 此处用作不及物动词，意为“赢；获胜”；win 还可用作及物动词，意为“赢得；在中获胜”，此时其后的宾语为比赛的项目、奖品或战争等。E.g.He won the first prize.Who won the race？辨析：win 与 beat win 表示“赢得；获胜”，用作及物动词时，其宾语为比赛的项目、奖品或战争等。E.g.We won the b
40、asketball game.beat 表示“打赢；战胜”，用于比赛时，其宾语为所战胜的对手。E.g.Li Lei beat all the runners in the 100-metre race.(2)though 此处作副词，意为“不过；可是；然而”，通常用于句末，前面用逗号与句子隔开。E.g.Jim said that he would come;he didn t,though.拓展：though 作连词，意为“虽然；尽管”，相当于 although。E.g.Though he has no money,he lives very happily.注意：although/thoug
41、h 与 but 不能同时出现在一个句子中。E.g.Though he has no money,he lives very happily.=He has no money,but he lives very happily.3.But the most important thing is to learn something new and have fun.但是最重要的是学到一些新东西并获得乐趣。(1)the most important 意为“最重要的”，是 important 的最高级形式。important 的比较级为 more important，形容词的最高级形式前必须有定冠词
42、 the。E.g.I think English is the most important of all the subjects.The most important thing is to work hard.(2)have fun 意为“获得乐趣；玩得高兴”。E.g.It s a good place to have fun.照相重要的事上上下下出来为某人买某物尝起来看起来动词原形除了之外什么都没有看起来大地点小地点到达某地决 欢做某事继续做某事为什么不做呢从句如此以至于告诉某人不要做某事玩得痛快三重点句子你去哪儿度假的好久不见 早晨我和家人到达马来西亚槟城午饭我们吃了很特别的东西但是
43、许多旧的建筑物还在那里今天我和爸爸决定去槟城并11 拓展：have fun doing sth.意为“做某事很有趣”。E.g.Did you have fun visiting that country？5.truly cares about me.care about 关心，在意 take care 当心 take care of 照顾 练习：用适当的词组填空 1)Your mother truly_you.2)He has to _ his sister.3)_ not to fall into the river.6.I think a good friend makes me laug
44、h.我认为好朋友会让我发笑。(1)make sb.do sth.意为“让某人做某事”E.g.His father always makes him get up before five o clock.拓展：make 的用法：make 加名词 make food 做饭 make the bed 铺床 make money 赚钱 make+sb./sth.+adj.使某人感到；使处于某种状态 E.g.The soft music makes Tina sleepy.make sb./sth.+n.使某人成为 E.g.The party made her a good teacher.make s
45、b./sth.+过去分词 让某人被 E.g.I made myself understood by all the students.make sb./sth.+do sth.使某人做某事(不能带不定式符号 to)E.g.Wars make the peace go away.注意：当 make 用于被动语态时，必须带不定式符号 to.E.g.We were made to work all night.I was made to repeat the story.(2)辨析：laugh 与 smile laugh 一般表示“出声地(大)笑”，不但 有面部表情，而且还有声音。laugh at.
46、意为“嘲笑；因而发笑”。E.g.Don t laugh when you have a meal.smile 一般表示“无声地微笑”，指的是面部表情。smile at.意为“向微笑”。E.g.He smiled at me.7.Yes,and a good friend is talented in music,too.talented 为形容词，意为“有才能的，有才干的”，其比较级形式为 more talented。be talented in 为固定搭配，表示“在方面有天赋”。E.g.She is a talented musician.她是一名天才音乐家。The boy is talen
47、ted in dancing.这个男孩很有舞蹈天赋。8.I m quieter and more serious than most kids.我比大多数的孩子更文静更稳重。(1)serious 为形容词，意为“严肃的；稳重的”。E.g.My math teacher is very serious in class.拓展：nothing serious 意为“没有什么严重的”。be serious about.意为“对认真”。E.g.Is she serious about giving up her job？9.That s why I like reading books and stu
48、dying harder in class.那就是我在课堂上喜欢读书、学习更刻苦的原因。That s why.意为“那就是的原因”，why 引导的句子作表语，是表语从句。E.g.That s why I don t want to leave here.I got up late,and that s why I missed the bus.10.I m shy so it s not easy for me to make friends.我很腼腆。因此对我来说交朋友不是很容易。“It s+形容词+for sb.to do sth.”是固定结构，意为“做某事对某人来说是的”。结构中的 it
49、 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定照相重要的事上上下下出来为某人买某物尝起来看起来动词原形除了之外什么都没有看起来大地点小地点到达某地决 欢做某事继续做某事为什么不做呢从句如此以至于告诉某人不要做某事玩得痛快三重点句子你去哪儿度假的好久不见 早晨我和家人到达马来西亚槟城午饭我们吃了很特别的东西但是许多旧的建筑物还在那里今天我和爸爸决定去槟城并12 式短语。句中的形容词为描述事物特征的词，如 difficult，easy，hard，important，dangerous，necessary，possible 等。E.g.It s very important for us to eat a
50、 lot of vegetables every day.It s dangerous for a child to stay at home alone.11.But I think friends are like books you don t need a lot of them as long as they re good.但是我认为朋友就像书一样你不需要很多。只要它们好就行。as long as 意为“只要；既然”，引导条件状语从句，主句为一般将来时或含有情态动词 can 时，所引导的条 件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。e.g.You can leave here as long