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1、2019 高考英语短文改错专题(名师剖析解题思路与技巧+实战训练，建议下载练习)一改错题型特点：高考短文改错是知识和能力的综合测试题型。主要考查考生在语篇中综合运用英语知识的准确性及词、句、篇和语法的综合水平。高考短文改错设置的考点灵活多变，知识层次多，覆盖面广，包括词法、句法、行文逻辑以及语篇结构等，是一种在较高层次上考查考生对英语知识的掌握和语言综合运用能力的测试题型。二短文改错常见考点设置：考点 1：名词命题特点:本来用复数,却用单数；本来用单数，却用复数。记住常考的几个不可数名词：news,work(工作),advice,fun,progress,information,luck,we
2、ather,music,health,change(零钱),baggage(行李),luggage(行李),furniture,jewellery,equipment等改正方法:(1)根据名词前的修饰限定成份(2)根据上下文的逻辑关系.1.She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me success.2.After class we become stranger at once.3.They want me to devote all my time to my studies so that Ill get marks in all m
3、y subject.4.On the way up I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful.5.There are advantage for students to work while studying at school.6.Now we can get millions of informations from the Internet.7.He had no ideas that the kitchen was not for guests.8.She is one of the most intell
4、igent girl in our class.9.I looked at his other hands.10.Most of them are peasant and some often go fishing in the sea.11.We have made great progresses with Mr.Liu teaching us.12.Head teacher Guy Holloway said the new rules should help students get higher grade.13.He was tall,with broad shoulder and
5、 a beard that turned from black toward gray over the years.14.Hes getting married next month and decides to buy some furnitures.考点 2：代词命题特点：1.男女性代词用反；2.单数指代复数；3.代词词性用错；4.缺少人称代词。改正方法:根据上下文的逻辑关系以及人称代词的数和格的一致问题。15.Rose is such a kind girl that we all like him very much.16.The Smiths did his best to mak
6、e me feel at home.17.I have a good friend whos name is Liu Mei.18.It was about noon when we arrived at the foot of the mountain.The three of them were very excited.19.Soon I began to enjoy talking to myself as I was learning to express me in simple English.20.My story book is much more interesting t
7、han her.21.One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher.22.Some students may also save up for our college or future use.23.Do you think necessary for you to learn Japanese well?24.I dressed me quickly and hurried out the house.25.Youd better keep that he sa id in mind.26.He has three chil
8、dren,two of them are teachers.27.The population of China is much larger than it of the USA.考点 3：介词命题特点及改正方法：介词涉及搭配错误，因此可从以下方面确定错误：1）介词的基本用法；2）习惯搭配；3）动词词类确定错误，如talk,serve,wait等。记住：介词短语常常考，固定搭配要记牢。介词后边跟宾语，结合语境细推敲。28.We do not seem to get much time to talk about together.29.I was so tired that I fell a
9、sleep at the moment my head touched the pillow.30.The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English.31.Finally they found a hotel to stay.32.We ll talk with our plan for the weekend over dinner.33.I am writing to thank you with your kind help.34.He
10、 was looking for a glass the cupboard.35.Please help with me and give me some advice.考点 4：时态命题特点及改正方法：现在时与过去时的误用，句中一般没有时间状语。每年都考。要注意联系上下文，着眼于整个语篇的时态。通常整篇都是过去，突然一个句子用现在时；或者通常整篇都是现在，突然一个句子用过去时。其中又以一般现在时和过去时互改为多。36.They did not want me to do any work at home They want me to devote all my time to my stu
11、dies so that I can make great progress.37.The time passes quickly.Evening came.38.She liked it very much and reads it to the class.39.I dont know that they dont like to talk with me.Sometimes,we talked to each other very well in class.40.I will write again and send you the photos we take together.41
12、.We had guests last night who have not stayed in a B&B hotel before.42.We fed monkeys,visiting temples and told stories.43.When I opened the door and apologize for my being late,my English teacher did not blame me.44.The whole school was silent and I am afraid to face my teachers and classmates.45.I
13、t was turned out to be her own cup,which she had left on the shelf by mistake.考点 5：and/but/or/so误用及前后不一致命题特点：主要考查and、or、but、so 等并列连词的误用。改正方法：1）根据句意确定错误；2）根据句子的逻辑关系确定错误。46.She is smiling at me but nodding at me.47.It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest.48.The food was expensive a
14、nd the service was good.49.I came into the living room and saw one of them just go through the kitchen door but turn on the light.50.Hurry up,and you will miss the first bus.51.She worked hard,and she was admitted to Beijing University.52.Many peasants own their air-conditioners but some even have t
15、heir own cars.考点 6：从属连词命题特点及改正方法：句子结构方面的错误主要涉及句子成份和复合句的关联词等。解答这类题从以下方面来思考：1）句子结构是否完整，成份是否冗缺；2）复合句中连接主句和从句的关系词或连接词是否得当等。53.It was about noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain.54.I dont know that they dont like to talk with me.55.What interested us most was what he gave his lessons lively and int
16、eresting.56.They did not want breakfast because that they were going out early in the morning.57.That she said at the meeting surprised everyone in the room.58.He came out to see that was happening outside in the street.59.I was driving along the road,while another car shot out.60.The reason that Ja
17、ne didnt come to school yesterday was why her mother was ill.61.Although he was frightened,but he didnt panic.考点 7：冠词命题特点及改正方法：英语中冠词只有三个，只能从以下几个方向出题：1）不定冠词a 和 an 互改；2）不定冠词a 或 an 和定冠词 the 互改；3）根据需要增删冠词。62.As everyone knows,its famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals.63.He built a telesco
18、pe through which he could study sky.64.We may be one family and live under a same roof,but-65.On Thursday I will have to decide what I want to do over a weekend.65.Rose comes from an European country but she can speak Chinese.66.I hope youve had pleasant journey home.67.We all think Betty is a hones
19、t girl.68.Up to now about 8 astronauts has walked in the space.69.With the help of Mr.Li I have made a great progress.70.The girl played piano so well that all the people present stood up and applauded.71.When I woke up in a morning,it was already 8 oclock.72.What a fun it is to have a cold drink on
20、 a hot day.考点 8：形容词和副词命题特点及改正方法：主要考查形容词和副词的误用、形容词及副词的比较级等。1）形容词或副词形式的错用：该用形容词的形式却用了副词的形式，或者该用副词的形式却用了形容词的形式；2）形容词或副词级别的错用：指该用形容词或副词的比较级或最高级却用了原级，或者该用原级形式却用了比较级或最高级，或者该用最高级却用了比较级等。此外，还有比较级的修饰语使用不当，如比较级不能修饰比较级，如果出现比较级修饰比较级的情况，则前面的比较级是错误地，可能需要去掉或者修改该词语。常见的比较级修饰语有：a bit,a little,slightly,much far,even等。
21、常见的最高级修饰语有:almost,(by)far,nearly,quite,really,second,third等。3)有无-ly结尾的副词错用。这类错误一种情况是该词本身是副词，不加-ly 却加了；另一种情况是两个词都是副词，一个以-ly 结尾，一个是本身的形式，应该用以-ly 结尾的副词，却用了没有以-ly 结尾的副词形式，不该用以-ly 结尾的副词却用了。事实上，一般说来，以-ly 结尾的副词表示抽象意义，而不以-ly 结尾的副词表示具体的动作程度，如think highly of对评价很高，jump high。1）根据 adj.或 adv.的基本用法确定错误；2）修饰名词用形容词，
22、系表结构用形容词；3）修饰行为动词、形容词、过去分词及整个句子用副词，在句首用副词。73.I would describe myself as shy and quietly.74.There have been reports in America about people trying to steal person information for bad purposes.75.The life of the people in the village has great improved.76.To catch the first bus she hurried to the stat
23、ion as rapid as she can.77.Finding information on the Net is easily.78.They came back lately and had some tea.79.There are many foreigners coming to Qingdao for a tour in recently years.80.Climate in Beijing is much cold than that in Nanjing.81.The soup tastes great delicious.82.I am sure I can get
24、along good with my host family.83.Fortunate he passed the driving test.84.What he said sounded quite perfectly.85.It was raining heavy.Little Mary felt cold,so she stood closely to her mother.(两处错误）86.I was very angry,but they were very angrier.87.My mum makes the better biscuits in the world,so I d
25、ecided to ask her for help.88.I found the test difficult,but I tried hardly to do it.考点 9：非谓语动词命题特点及改正方法：1）谓语动词和非谓语动词的错用；2）动词不定式和动名词的错用；3）现在分词和过去分词的错用等。89.Earning their own money allows them spend on anything as they please.90.My parents will do all they can make sure that I get a good education.91.
26、The quake destroyed many houses and buildings made many people homeless.92.Repairing last month,now the bathroom opens.93.Some students may also to save up for their college or future use.94.There are a lot of people learned English in China.95.You should have a balancing diet to grow a healthy man.
27、96.When she returned she found her bike losing.97.It will become the only school in Britain start lessons in the afternoon.98.When he saw others to learn English,he shook his head,says it was too hard to remember the new words(两处错误).考点 10：关系代词命题特点改正方法：1）关系代词和人称代词的错用；2）关系代词和人称代词的叠用；3）关系代词遗漏。99.She mo
28、ved to Canada,there she picked up some English.100.I saw a pretty girl,she came from the US.101.Hes reading the same book that she did last week.102.Do you know the boy his father is a doctor?103.Tom bought the new bike which he found it two weeks ago.104.Finally they arrived at the cinema,that was
29、standing on the water.105.Suddenly he found a temple,which was built it 100 years ago.106.Do you know the girl spoke to the boy just now?107.On Teachers Day they talked about some things and persons whom they remembered in the past.108.The film was directed by Li An is very interesting.109.Ill tell
30、you all which he told me yesterday.110.He came from Canada from him I learned a lot of knowledge.111.Ill never forget the days when we spent together.考点 11：主谓一致命题特点改正方法：主谓一致性;第三人称单数漏掉s，或主语为复数，谓语动词用了单数;再就是就近原则对主语的影响。112.She go to school by bike at 6:30 in the morning.113.Is there any books on the wri
31、ting desk?114.What surprised us most are that he had passed the College Entrance Examination.115.Here is the answers to the questions.116.White as well as her parents come from the US.117.The girl whose father is a doctor come from the US.118.Suddenly I found an old man who lies on the ground.119.Lo
32、oking after the patient are her job.120.There are 40 students in our class,26 of whom is girls.考点 12：平行结构命题特点改正方法：词性或结构前后不一致，根据上下文句意做出判断121.Mother is a kind,health,friendly woman in our neighbor.122.How much time did you take relax as well as to study per day?123.Betty looks pretty,kindly,patient an
33、d healthy.124.She went to the hospital and pay a visit to her sister.125.At work,it is IQ that gets you hire but it is EQ that gets you promoted.126.I go over my lessons and doing a lot of practice after class.127.I have many hobbies,for example,I like surfing the Internet and do sports.三句法和行文逻辑的常见错
34、误：128.Holding yourself steady and you will not lose the balance.129.We have visited the temple was built 2,000 years ago.130.It was two years ago since I began to learn English.131.Then he put the other boot on the box,but the boy refused to clean it if he was paid two pence for his work.四短文改错口诀：动词形
35、，名词数，还要注意形和副；非谓语，细辨别，习惯用法要记住；句子成分多分析，逻辑错误须关注；冠词连词常光顾.五短文改错小结：做短文改错应采取六个步骤和四不改。六个步骤：（1）通读短文，整体把握短文大意。（2）细读全文，逐句分析，把握结构，逐一作答。（3）粗略分析词法、句法、逻辑上是否有问题。（4）逐行修改，先易后难。（5）复读全文，验证答案。（6）要注意答题是否合乎规范。四不改：标点符号不改。大小写不改。词序错误不改（不是不改，而是按错词或少词来改)。纲外生词不改。文中出现带汉语注释的词，在句中不可能用错.七错词类型归纳：命题角度考点解题思路冠词冠词判断名词前的冠词是否误用名词名词的数、格、型句
36、中名词该用单数还是复数形式动词时态、语态以及主谓一致根据上下文判断动词时态、语态是否有误、主谓搭配是否正确非谓语动词分词、动名词、不定式根据上下文判断非谓语动词是否误用代词人称代词的格、指示代词及关系代词与从句关系1.人称代词的格是否误用2.代词前后指代是否一致 3.定语从句中关系词是否误用形容词、副词词法判断句中形容词和副词是否误用介词惯用法惯用法中介词是否误用连词句法判断句中并列连词、从属连词是否误用1(schoolmate改为 schoolmates)2(stranger改为 strangers）3(subject 改为 subjects）4(picture 改为 pictures）5(
37、advantage改为 advantages）6(informations改为 information 7(ideas改为 idea）8(girl 改为 girls)9(hands改为 hand）10(peasant改为 peasants)11(progresses改为 progress)12(grade改为 grades)13(shoulder改为 shoulders)14(furnitures改为 furniture)15(him改为 her)16(his 改为 their)17(who改为 whose)18（them 改为 us）19（me 改为 myself）20(her 改为 her
38、s)21（showed 后加 it）22（our 改为 their）23(think 后加it)24(me 改为 myself)25(that 改为what)26(them改为 whom)27(it改为 that)that 与所指名词为同类，但不是同一个，而 it 与所指名词为同一个。28(去掉 about 或在后面加it）29.（去掉 at）the moment 在此相当于 as soon as,the instant,immediately.译为“一-就-,为连词;at the moment 是介词短语.意思是“此时此刻.30（去掉 was 后的 in）31(stay 后加 at)32（w
39、ith 改为 about）33（with 改为 for）34（glass后加 in）35(去掉 with)36（did 改为 do）37（passes 改为 passed）38（reads 改为read）39（talked 改为 talk）40.（take 改为 took）41.（have 改为 had）42(visiting改为 visited)43(apologize改为 apologized)44(am 改为 was)45(was去掉)turn out to be结果是，原来是，证明是46（but 改为 and）47（and 改为 or）48（and 改为 but）49（but 改为 a
40、nd）50（and 改为 or 或 otherwise）51(and 改为 so)52(but改为 and)53（noon 后加 when）54（that 改为 why）55(第二个 what 改为 that)56（去掉 that）57(that 改为 what)58(that 改为 what)59（while改为 when）when 是 at or during the time that,既指时间点，也可指一段时间，while 是 during the time that，只指一段时间，因此when 引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以是终止性动词，也可以是延续性动词，而 while 从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。60(that 改成 why,why改成 that)61(but 去掉)62（famous 前加 a）63(sky 前加 the)64（a 改为 the）65(an 改为 a)66（had 后加 a）67(a 改为 an)68(去掉 the)69(去掉 a)70（piano 前加 the）西方乐器前加定冠