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1、书 名：大 学 英 语 四 级 阅 读 200篇 前 4 0篇 出 版 社：上 海 交 通 大 学 出 版 社 1/200.There are three kinds of goals:short-term,medium-range and long-term goals.Short-range goals are those that usually deal with current activities,which wecan apply on a daily basis.Such goals can be achieved in a week or less,ortwo weeks,o
2、r possible months.It should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundation,out long-term goals cannot amount to very munch without the achievement of solid short-term goals.Upon completing our short-term goals,we should date the occasion and then add new short-termgoals tha
3、t will build on those that have been completed.The intermediate goals bukld on the foundation of the short-range goals.Theymight deal with just one term of school or the entire school year,or they couId even extend for several years.Any time you move a step at a time,you should never allow yourself
4、to become discouraged or overwhelmed.As you complete each step,you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow adn succeed.And as your list of completion dates grow,your motivation and desire willincrease.Long-range goals may be related to our dreams of the future.They might cover five years or
5、more.Life is not a static thing.We should never allow a Iong-term goal to limit us or our course of action.1.Our long-term goals mean a lot.a.if we complete our short-range goalsb.if we cannot reach solid short-term goalsc.if we write down the datesd.if we put forward some plans2.New short-term goal
6、s are bulid upon.a.two yearsb.long-term goalsc.current activitiesd.the goals that have been completed3.When we complete each step of our goals,.a.we will win final successb.we are overwhelmedc.we should build up confidence of successd.we should strong desire for setting new goals4.Once our goals are
7、 drawn up,.a.we should stick to them until we complete themb.we may change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunitiesc.we had better wait for the exciting news of successd.we have made great decision5.It is implied but not stated in the passage that.a.those who habe long-term goals will succee
8、db.writing down the dates may discourage youc.the goal is only a guide for us to reach our desinationd.every should have a goal1/200 答 案：adcbc2/200The economy of the United states after 1952 was the econnomy of a well-fed,almost fully employed people.Despit occasional alarms,the country escaped any
9、postwar depression and lived in a state of boom.A n economic survey ofthe year 1955,a typical year of the 1950s,may be typical as illustrating the rapid economic growth of the decade.The national output was value at 10 percent above that of 1954(1955 output was estimated at 392 billion dollars).Thep
10、roduction of manufacturers was about 40 percent more than it had averagedin the years immediately following World War 2.The countrys business spentabout 30 billion dollars for new factories and machinery.National income available for spending was almost a third greater than it had been it had been i
11、n1950.Consumers spent about 256 billion dollars;that is about 700 million dollars a day,or about twenty-five million dollars every hour,all round the clock.Sixty-five million people held jobs and only a little more than two million wanted jobs but could not find them.Only agriculture complained that
12、 it was not sharing in the room.To some observers this was an ominous echo of the mid-1920,s.As farmers shre of their products declined,marketing costs rose.Butthere were,among the observers of the national economy,a few who were not as confident as the majority.Those few seemed to fear that the boo
13、m couldnot last and would eventually lead to the oppsite-depression.1.What is the best title of the passage?a.The Agriculatural Trends of 19501sb.The Unemployment Rate of 1950sc.U.S.Economy in the 50sd.The Federal Budget of 19522.In Line 4,the word boom”could best be replaced by.a.nearby explosionb.
14、thunderous noisec.general public supportd.rapid economic growth3.It can be inferred the national from the passage that most people in the United States in 1955 viewed the national economy with an air o f.a.confidenceb.confusionc.disappointmentd.suspicion4.Which of the following were LEAST satisfied
15、with the national economy in the 195018?a.Economistsb.Frmaersc.Politiciansd.Steelworkers5.The passage states that incom available for spending in the U.S.was greater in 1955 than in 1950.How much was it?a.60%b.50%c.33%d.90%2/200 答 案：cdabc3/200Women are also underrepresented in the administration and
16、 this is because there are so few women full professors.In 1985,Regent Beryl Milbum produceda report blasting the University of Texas System adminitration for not encouraging women.The University was rated among the lowest for the system.In a 1987 update,Milburn commended the progress that was made
17、and called for even more improvement.One of the positive results from her study was a System-wide program to inform women of available administrative jobs.College of Communication Associate Dean Patrica Witherspoon,said it is important that woman be flexible when it comesto relocating if they want t
18、o rise inthe ranks.Although a woman may face a chilly climate on campus,many times in orderfor her to succeed,she must rise above the problems around her and concentrate on her work.Until women make up a greater percentage of the senior positions in the University and all academia,inequities will ex
19、ist.Women need to spend their energies and time doing scholarly activities that are important here at the University.Spirduso said.If they do that will be successful in this system.If they spend their time in little groups mourning the sexual discrimination that they think exists here,they are wasti
20、ng valuable studytime.1.According to Spirduso,women need to.a.produce a report on sexual discriminationb.call for further improvement in their working conditionsc.spend their energies and time fighting against sexual discriminationd.spend more time and energy doing scholarly activities2.From this pa
21、ssage,we know that.a.there are many women full professors in the University of Texasb.women play an important part in adminitrating the Universityc.the weather on the campus is chillyd.women make up a small percentage of the senior positions in the University3.Which of the following statements is tr
22、ue?a.the number of women professors in the University in 1987 was greater than that of 1985b.the number of women professors in the University in 1987 was smaller than that of 1985c.the number of women professors was the same as that of 1985d.more and more women professors thought that sexual discrim
23、ination did exit in the University4.One of the positive results from Milburns study was that.a.women were told to con centrate on teir workb.women were given information about available administrative jobsc.women were encouraged to take on all the administrative jobs in the Unversityd.women were enc
24、ouraged to do more scholarly activities5.The title for this passage should be.a.The University of Texasb.Milburn*s Reportc.Women Professorsd.Sexual Discrimination in Academia3/200 答 案：ddabd4/200Today,as in every other day of the year,more than 3000 U.S.adlescents wil1 smoke their first cigarette on
25、their way to becoming regular smokers as adults.During their lifetime,it can be expected that of these 3000 about 23 will be murdered,30 will die in traffic accidents,and nearly 750 will be killed by asmoking-related disease.The number of deaths attributed to cigarette smokingoutweithts all other fa
26、ctors,whether voluntary or involuntary,as a cause of death.Since the late 1970 s,when daily smoking among high school seniors reached30 precent,smoking rates among youth have declined.While the decline is impressive,several important issues must be raised.First,in the past several years,smoking rate
27、s among youth have declined verylittle.Second,in the late 1970 s,smoking among male high school seniors exceeded that among female by nearly 10 percent.The statistic is reversing.Third,several recent studies have indicate high school dropouts have excessively high smoking rates,as much as 75 percent
28、.Finally,thouth significant declines in adolescent smoking have occurred in thepast decade,no definite reasons for the decline exist.Within this context,theNaional Cancer Instiute(NCI)began its current effort to determine the most effecive measures to reduce smoking levesl among youth.1.According to
29、 the author,the deaths among youth are mainly caused by a.traffic accidentsb.smoking-related deseasec.murderd.all of these2.Every day there are over high school strdents who will becomeregular smoker.a.75 b.23 c.30 d.30003.By dropout the author means.a.students who failed the examinationb.students w
30、ho left schoolc.students who lost their wayd.students who were driven out of school4.The reason for declining adolescent smoking is that.a.NCI has taken effective measuresb.smoking is prevented among high school seniorsc.there are many smokers who have died of cancerd.none of these5.What is implied
31、but not stated by the author is that.a.smoking rates among youth have declined very littleb.there are now more female than male smokers among high school seniorsc.high smoking rates are due to the incease in wealthd.smoking at high school are from low socio-economic backgrounds4/200 答 案：bdbdb5/200Th
32、e food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health.Although science has made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat,it has,at the same time,made many foods unfit to eat.Some research has shown that perhapseighty percent of all human illnesses are related to diet and forty percent ofca
33、ncer is related to the diet as well,especially cancer of the colon.Different cultures are more likely to cause certain different illnesses because of the foodthat is characteristic in these cultures.That food is related to illness is nto a new discovery.In 1945,about 35 years ago,government research
34、ers realized that nitrates,commonly used to preserve color in meats,and other food additivies,caused cancer.Yet,these carcinogenic additives remain in our food,and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels of processed food are helpful or harmful.The additiv
35、es which we eat are not all so direct.Farmers often give penicillin to beef and living animals,and because of this,penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cow.Sometimessimilar drugs are given to animals not for medical purposes,but for financialreasons.The farmers are simply trying to fatte
36、n the animals in order to obtain a higher price on the market.Although the Food and Drug Administration(FDA.has tried repeatedly to control these procedures,the practices continue.1.What is the best possible title of the passage?a.Drug and Foodb.Cancer and Healthc.Food and Healthd.Health and Drug2.W
37、hich of the following statements is NOT ture?a.Drugs are always given to animals for medical reasonsb.Some of the additives in our food are added to the food itself and some are given to the living animalsc.Researchers have known about the potential dangers of food additives forover thirty-five year
38、s.d.Food may cause forty percent of cancer in world.3.How has science done something harmful to mankind?a.Because of science,diseases caused by polluted food haven been virtuallyeliminated.b.It has caused a lack of information concerning the value of food.c.Because of the application of science,some
39、 potentially harmful substanceshave been added to food.d.The scientists have preserved the color of meats,but not of vegetables.4.What are nitrates used for?a.They preserve flavor in packaged foods.b.They preserve the color of meats.c.They are the objects of research.d.They cause the animals to beco
40、me fatter.5.The word carcinogenic most nearly means a.trouble-makingb.color-retainingc.money-makingd.cancer-causing5/200 答 案：cacbd6/200As the pace of life continues to increase,we are fast losing the art of relaxation.Once you are in the habit of rushing through lift,being on the go from morning til
41、l night,it is hard to slow down.But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.Stress is an natural part of everyday lift and there is no way to avoid it.In fact,it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be.A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation adn give purpose to
42、life.It is only when thestress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual.Some people are not afraid of stress,and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities
43、.Others lose heart at the first signsof unusual difficulties.When exposed to stress,in whatever form,we react both chemically and physically.In fact we make choice between nfightornflightand in more primitive days the choice made the difference between life or death.The crises we meet today are unli
44、kely to be so extreme,but however little the stress,it involves the same response.It is when such a reaction lasts Iong,through continued exposure to stress,that health becomes endangered.Suchserious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with stress.Since we cann
45、ot remove stress from our lives(it would be unwise to do so even if we could),we need to find ways to deal with it.1.People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves becausea.they do not know how to enjoy themselvesb.they do not believe that relaxation is important for healthc.they are
46、travelling fast all the timed.they are becoming busier with their work2.According to the writer,the most important character for a good manageris his.a.not fearing stressb.knowing the art of relaxationc.high sense of responsibilityd.having control over performance3.Which of the follwing statements i
47、s ture?a.We can find some ways to avoid stressb.Stress is always harmful to peoplec.It is easy to change the hagit of keeping oneself busy with work.d.Different people can withstand different amounts of stress4.In Paragraph 3,“such a reaction refers back to.a.”making a choice between flight or fight
48、”b.nreaction to stress both chemically and physically1 1c.”responding to crises quickly*d.losing heart at the signs difficulties*5.In the last sentence of the passage,do so refers to.a.expose ourselves to stressbJfind ways to deal with stressc.remove stress from our lives*d.”established links betwee
49、n diseases and stress6/200 答 案：dadbcIn the 1960 s,many young Americans were dissatisfied with American society.They wanted to end the Vietnam War and to make all of the people in theU.S.epuaL Some of them decided to Hdrop outof American society and form their own societies.They formed utopian commun
50、ities,which they calledncommunesjwhere they could follow their philosophy ofndo your own thing.A group of artists founded a commune in southern Colorado calledDrop City.Following the ideas of philosopher and architect Buckminster Fuller they built domeshaped houses from pieces of old cars.Other grou