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1、2021年高考押题卷（四）浙江卷英语试卷解析版考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：120分英 语选择题部分第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）第 一 节（共 10小题：每小题2.5分，满分25分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AWhile scientists have been modifying（修改）plant genes for years in biotechnology,they usually focus on afew specific genes in order to get a particular res
2、ult.Plants have tens of thousands of genes.The geneticallymodified product（GMP）wont be dramatically different from its natural one.It may have a few features that thenatural version doesnt have but otherwise will remain identical.Some people worry that genetic modification,which introduces genes fro
3、m one species into an entirelydifferent species,could create new allergens（过敏原）.In fact,it may turn out that the opposite is true.Dependingon the food,scientists might be able to remove or prevent the proteins that act as allergens for some people.Thisisnt true for every food,but genetic markers sci
4、entists use could lead to developing bacteria with a built-inresistance to antibiotics（抗生素）.Scientists use antibiotic gene markers to link genes for the desired features.Also,by exposing modified planfs cells to antibiotics,a scientist can confirm whether or not the genetic modificationwas successfu
5、l.But what if that resistance could be passed on the bacteria?Its possible that bacteria in the soil around a plantwith antibiotic resistance could pick up the DNA.The bacteria could,in theory,pass this feature to other types ofbacteria harmful to humans.So far,however,scientists have been unable to
6、 transfer antibiotic resistance genes fromplants to bacteria.In the United States,farmers dont have to label genetically modified foods or products.Both theEnvironmental Protection Agency and the Food and Drug Administration have very strict regulations that productsmust pass before they can go to m
7、arket.Ifs possible that the foods that come from biotechnology are not only safe to eat,but theyre actually saferthan their natural counterparts.While the controversy around genetically modified food is far from resolved,itappears that you shouldnt worry if the ear of corn youre about to enjoy got i
8、ts start in a laboratory.1.How could scientists deal with a plant in biotechnology?A.By changing some cells.B.By adding some foreign genes.C.By producing some natural proteins.D.By removing some of its branches.2.The exposure of modified plants cells to antibiotics is aimed to.A.promote their resist
9、ance.B.get their unexpected features.C.see the effect of the modification.D.improve the ability against bacteria.3.What can be concluded from the text?A.It takes time fbr customers to accept bioengineered food.B.The laws in America are far from strict in regulating the GMRC.American farmers only car
10、e about improving their food produce.D.Scientists have developed certain food beneficial to human health.4.What attitude does the author hold to the GMP?A.Positive.B.Negative.C.Ambiguous.D.Indifferent.【答案】BCAA【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了尽管科学家们在生物技术领域修改植物基因进行了很多年，但他们通常专注于一些特定的基因以获得特定的结果。尽管围绕转基因食品的争议尚未解决，但也没有必要有
11、如此大的担心。1.细节理解题。由第一段“While scientists have been modifying（修改）plant genes for years in biotechnology,they usually focus on a few specific genes in order to get a particular result.（尽管科学家们在生物技术领域修改植物基因进行了很多年，但他们通常专注于一些特定的基因以获得特定的结果。）以及第二段“Some peopleworry that genetic modification,which introduces gene
12、s from one species into an entirely different species,couldcreate new allergens（过敏原）（有人担心，将一个物种的基因导入一个完全不同的物种的基因改造会产生新的过敏原。）可知，在生物领域，科学家通过添加外来的基因来修改植物基因。故选B 项。2.细节理解题。由第二段“Also,by exposing modified plants cells to antibiotics,a scientist can confirm whetheror not the genetic modification was success
13、ful.（另外，通过将修改过的植物细胞暴露于抗生素中，科学家可以确认基因修改是否成功。）可知，把修改过的植物基因放入抗生素中的目的是为看基因修改的是否成功，即修改的效果。故选C 项。3.推理判断题。由第二段“Some people worry that genetic modification,which introduces genes from one speciesinto an entirely different species,could create new allergens（过敏原）（有人担心，将一个物种的基因导入一个完全不同的物种的基因改造会产生新的过敏原。）可知，人们对于
14、转基因食品有着担心，所以推知对于生物改造过的食品会需要时间来接受。故选A 项。4.推 理判断题。由最后一段 Its possible that the foods that come from biotechnology are not only safe to eat,buttheyre actually safer than their natural counterparts.While the controversy around genetically modified food is farfrom resolved,it appears that you shouldnt wor
15、ry if the ear of com youre about to enjoy got its start in alaboratory.（来自生物技术的食品不仅可以安全食用，而且实际上比天然食品更安全。尽管围绕转基因食品的争议尚未解决，但您似乎不必担心即将要享用的玉米穗是否来自实验室）可知，作者认为来自生物技术的产品比天然产品更安全，对于人们吃的食品提出不必担心。由此推知，作者对GMP持积极的态度。故选A 项。BLuke Grenfell-Shaw has developed a rare form of cancer.It started as a pain in his should
16、er and the tumor（肿瘤）spread to his lungs,making it stage four.The Oxford graduate was teaching English in Siberia when he sufferedshoulder pain and consulted the school nurse.It was her reaction to a lump on his back that sent him back home toBristol.*I was 24 years old.I had done an ultra-marathon,1
17、 Luke said.M48 hours later,I was back in hospital in theUK.On 19 June 2018,doctors informed Luke that he had cancer.I had kind of worked out that it was cancer,but what kind of blew me away was the fact that it was stage fourcancer,said Luke.That day,I felt like my life was disintegrated.My life had
18、 been comfortable and conventional.I worked hard and got rewards in terms of education,jobs,things like that.That was all taken away.On the day ofhis diagnosis（诊断），Luke had one clear thought in his mind that he wanted to cycle around the world.It wassomething he had always hoped to do,but the cancer
19、 news made him realize that he couldnt put it off.I realize that the future had to become now/Luke explained.He decided to cycle from Bristol to Beijing 一more than 5,000 miles-on a tandem bike,because he wants to bring people along to share the experience withhim.Luke will not only be joined by his
20、family and friends for certain legs of his trip,but also by other youngpeople who are living with cancer.This trip is something Im going to enjoy,said Luke.Its bound to be therichest and most fulfilling experience that I can have.5.What can we infer from what Luke said in paragraph 1?A.He doubted th
21、e previous examination.B.He had suffered from unbearable pains.C.He regretted running the ultra-marathon.D.He hadnt expected such serious condition.6.What does the underlined word“disintegrated in paragraph 2 mean?A.Broken.B.Controlled.C.Adjusted.D.Brightened.7.Why did Luke decide to cycle around th
22、e world?A.To realize his dream on the wheels.B.To win the battle against his cancer.C.To enjoy the rest of his life peacefully.D.To draw worldwide attention to cancer.【答案】DAA【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了年轻的教师L u k e,不幸身患癌症，决定骑自行车环游世界，实现自己的梦想的故事。5.推理判断题。根据 Luke 第一段中说的“I was 24 years old.I had done an ultra-marat
23、hon.（那时我 24 岁。我参加了一个超级马拉松）可知，Luke说自己很年轻，身体很棒，据此推断，他没有料到会有这么严重的情况。故选D 项。6.词句猜测题。根据上文 Luke 所说的“1 had kind of worked out that it was cancer,but what kind of blew meaway was the fact that it was stage four cancer”（我原本以为那是癌症，但真正让我震惊的是那是癌症第四阶段。）和下文他说的“My life had been comfortable and conventional.I worked
24、 hard and got rewards in terms ofeducation,jobs,things like that.That was all taken away.（我的生活曾经是舒适而传统的。我努力工作，在教育、工作等方面得到了回报。这一切都被夺走了。）可知，Luke对自己的病情的严重非常震惊，感觉到自己原来舒适的生活都被夺走了，可以推知“That day,I felt like my life was disintegrated.（那一天，我感觉自己的生活disintegraled.）中划线单词的意思应该是“极其糟糕的，不 幸 的 选 项 A“破碎的”与之最为接近，故选 A
25、项。7.推理判断题。根据第二段中“On the day of his diagnosis（诊断）,Luke had one clear thought in his mind that hewanted to cycle around the world.It was something he had always hoped to do,but the cancer news made himrealize that he couldnt put it ofT.（在他被确诊的那天，Luke在他的脑海中有一个清晰的想法，他想要环游世界。这是他一直希望做的事情，但癌症的消息让他意识到他不能推迟。
26、）以及第三段Luke所说的话“I realizethat the future had to become now”（我意识到未来必须成为现在）以及他的行动“He decided to cycle fromBristol to Beijing.（他决定从布里斯托尔骑自行车到北京）可以推知，因为Luke要在车轮上实现他的梦想，所以决定骑车环游世界。故选A 项。CWhen we speak to other people,they are not only listening to our actual words,but sensing our facialexpression,tone of
27、voice,gestures,level of eye contact,posture,and movements as well.Nonverbalcommunication,or body language,makes up approximately 65 percent of human communication.Body languagehas a major impact on how others perceive what we say.It can also be a tool for miscommunication when thespeaker and listene
28、r are from different cultures or are communicating through technology that deprives them ofvision cues.In fact,we often realize the importance of body language only when we cannot interpret someoneelses body language correctly.In Eye to Eye:How People Interact,Dr.Peter Marsh explains that before we
29、speak,our gestures,posture,andfacial expressions are already broadcasting messages to those around us.While we are speaking,these gesturescontinue to communicate messages-usually clarifying what we are saying,but sometimes contradicting us in telltaleways.Often,body language is an unconscious act th
30、at triggers the most developed senses in other people-hearingand sight.That is why body language is such a great way to emphasize words and ideas.Many people takeadvantage of this.Advertisers,for example,cast actors in their commercials who use body language that appeals toviewers.Studies have shown
31、 that peopled body language changes when they are not telling the truth.If someones bodylanguage is inconsistent with what he or she is saying,people tend to believe what the body is telling them.A goodway for people to convey a positive message is to avoid certain movements,like fidgeting or lettin
32、g your eyeswander.Instead,good communicators maintain steady eye contact,nod in agreement,and smile.You may noticethat people on television,like hosts of infomercials and talk-shows generally display this positive language whenspeaking.8.The text mainly focuses on the of the body language.A.developm
33、ent B.significanceC.examples D.acquirement9.What is the main purpose of Paragraph 2?A.To attract readers to go on reading.B.To help readers know about Dr.Marsh and encourage them to read his book.C.To offer a research to support the writers statement.D.To introduce a different viewpoint from the wri
34、ters.10.The underlined word fidgeting most probably means making small movements of hands and feet,because offeel i ng.A.pleased B.sadC.satisfied D.nervous【答案】BCD【分析】这是一篇议论文。主要论述了在交际中，肢体语言的重要性是我们需要关注的。【详解】1.推理判断题。根据第一段中“In fact,we often realize the importance of body language only when we cannotinte
35、rpret someone else飞body language correctly.”可知，事实上，只有当我们不能正确理解别人的肢体语言时，我们才会意识到肢体语言的重要性。所以，可以推断，对于肢体语言的重要性是我们需要关注的。选项B与文意一致。故选B。2.推理判断题。根据本段中“Dr.Peter Marsh explains that before we speak,our gestures,posture,and facialexpressions are already broadcasting messages to those around us.While we are speak
36、ing,these gestures continueto communicate messages-usually clarifying what we are saying,but sometimes contradicting us in telltale ways.”（彼得马什博士解释说，在我们说话之前，我们的手势，姿势和面部表情，已经向我们周围的人传递了信息。当我们说话的时候，这些手势继续传递信息通常会澄清我们在说什么，但有时会以泄露秘密的方式与我们相矛盾。）可知，通过引用彼得马什博士的解释，说明了肢体语言的重要含义：会澄清我们在说什么。所以是用来证明作者的观点。选项C 符合文意。故
37、选C。3.词句猜测题。根据上文“A good way for people to convey a positive message is to avoid certain movements J（人们传递积极信息的一个好方法就是避免某些动作）及下文“or letting your eyes wander.Instead,goodcommunicators maintain steady eye contact,nod in agreement,and s m ile.（或者让眼神游离。相反,好的沟通者保持稳定的眼神交流，点头表示同意，微笑。）可知，眼神游离的动作会给人们传达消极的信息，所以，
38、作为与消极动作并列的词汇，此处表达的应是焦虑不安，坐卧不宁等的含义。选项D 符合文意。故选D。第 二 节（共 5 小题；每小题2 分，满 分 10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。One Dollar a Night in New YorkWhen it comes to finding a place to stay for a night in New York,things dont always come cheap.However,artist Miao Jiaxin,a Shanghai native who moved to N
39、ew York in 2006,is offering people the chance to stay in hisapartment in Brooklyn.11.Guests can easily book Miaos room on the Internet.Nevertheless,although they will be housed in hisapartment,it appears to have more in common with a jail cell（牢房）than a regular bedroom as a cage in the centerof the
40、room is where guests will stay.12.Guests must stay in the cage fbr three hours each morning.4Trom 9 a.m.to 12 p.m.,you cant access theInternet,and there are no electronic devices,books,radio,pens or craft work.You cant talk to anybody.You cantdo Yoga or any other exercises.And you cant even sleep/7
41、writes Miao.13.Meanwhile,the cage is monitored and recorded by two cameras and the activity of guests is filmed for thewhole time they stay in the cell.14.They can enjoy great views of New York on the roof deck outside the room.The room is inspired by the alienation（疏离感）Miao felt as a new immigrant-
42、feelings he believes areuniversal.6Ifs not for fim.Its for an experience.15,“said Miao.A.Its only one dollar a night.B.Its too expensive for common people to afford.C.More like a psychological New York City experience.D.If you break any of those rules above,you will be fined 100 dollars.E.Actually,M
43、iaos room is so popular that you have to book three months in advance.F.Despite the strict rules,guests are given a key to let themselves in and out as they please.G.Miao says that to live in his jail cell,people dont have to be a criminal,but there are several rules.【答案】AGDFC【分析】这是一篇说明文 主要说明了一个2006
44、年搬到纽约的艺术家Miao Jiaxin,正在为人们提供住在他布鲁克林公寓的机会，一晚只要一美元。但是不同之处在于他公寓的房间是笼子，此外房客还必须遵守一些规则。11.结合上文“When it comes to finding a place to stay for a night in New York,things dont always come cheap.However,artist Miao Jiaxin,a Shanghai native who moved to New York in 2006,is offering people the chance tostay in h
45、is apartment in Brooklyn.（要在纽约找个地方住一晚，价格可不便宜。然而，艺术家Miao Jiaxin,个 2006年搬到纽约的上海人，正在为人们提供住在他布鲁克林公寓的机会。）”中 however可推知艺术家Miao Jiaxin的布鲁克林公寓与上文提到的在纽约住一晚价格昂贵情况相反，他的公寓非常便宜。故A 选项“一晚只要一美元。符合语境。故选A。12.根据下文“Guests must stay in the cage for three hours each morning.From 9 a.m.to 12 p.m.,you cant accessthe Intern
46、et,and there are no electronic devices,books,radio,pens or craftwork.You cant talk to anybody.Youcan,t do Yoga or any other exercises.And you can,t even sleep,writes Miao.If you break any of those niles above,you will be fined 100 dollars.（客人每天早晨必须在笼子里呆三个小时。“从上午9 点到下午12点。在美国，你无法上网，也没有电子设备、书籍、收音机、笔或工
47、艺品。你不能和任何人说话。你不能做瑜伽或其他任何运动。你甚至都睡不着。”如果你违反以上任何一条，你将被罚款100美元。）“可知是在说明住在这些牢房一样的房间里的规则有哪些，故 G 选项“苗说,住在牢房里的人不一定是罪犯，但有一些规则需要遵守符合语境。故选G。13.空前讲述了一系列要遵守的规则，D 项“如果你违反以上的任何规则，就会被罚款10（）美元 介绍了违反规则的处罚，符合语境，故选D。14.根据下文“They can enjoy great views of New York on the roof deck outside the room.（他们可以在房间外的屋顶平台上欣赏纽约的美景。
48、）”可知房客们还是可以自由进出笼子，去屋顶平台欣赏纽约美景。故 F 选项“尽管有严格的规定，客人还是可以随意进出笼子。”符合语境。故选F。15.结合上文“Its not for fun.Ifs for an experience.（不是为了好玩,这是一种体验。）“中 experience可对应到 C 选项“More like a psychological New York City experience.（更像是纽约的心理体验。）”代入符合上下文语境。故选C。第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第 一 节（共 20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、
49、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。More often than not,life has its own way of tapping us on the shoulder,whispering“Pay attention to this”,which happens when we 16 expect it.In the 1950s,I spent my days as a sixth grader in my school.One day,as I remembered,classes 17with the usual noise made b
50、y voices and feet 18 students moved down the hall,up or down staircases,Iwas walking through the hallway at a rapid pace toward a large double stairway,which 19 the second andthird floor of our building.Suddenly I noticed a new sound added to those already 20 me.As I 21 the bottom of the stairway,I