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1、中考英语复习语法知识专项突破（通用版）08情态动词与虚拟语气【知识突破】情态动词情态动词主要在英语中表示一种情绪，不能像实义动词（have, take等）一样直接做句子 谓语，必须和动词原形构成句子的谓语结构,可直接提前到句子前引导一般疑问句。Students should respect teachers.学生应该尊重教师 Should students respect teachers?一、情态动词的基本用法常见的情态动词有：can （could） nay （might）, must 9shall （should）, will （would）9 dare （dared）, need等，另外
2、，痴rue to、痴id better也当作情态动词使用。情态动词后面必须加动词的 原形。CG表示体力、脑力方面的能力或客观的可能性。口语中，在询问或说明一件事可不 可以做时，常用“cq”代替“机冲”。情态动词的过去式是“co山d” ,否定式是acannot 通常缩写成can f could的否定式是“co 以 of，通常缩写成acouldn9f9c如：CanI 入期（要帮忙吗？ ）/ He sw加.（他会游泳）/ That can % be Mr Li.（那不可能是李先生）may表示允许、请求或可能性，用may提问时，肯定回答一般用Certainly或Yesyyou 机ay.;否定回答一般用
3、can7或mustn.如：May I ask you a question?一Cerfa加加.（可以问你 一个问题吗？当然可以）/ You may go kow.（现在你可以走了）/It may be加yorpoc女o（它可能 在你的衣袋里）相4表示“必须”、“一定”的意思。表示“必须”时否定形式是mustnt表示“一 定”时，否定形式是 “cant” 如：We must be very careful when we cross the（我们过马路时一定要非常小心）/ It must be JqcA.（那准是杰克）/ 1 haven7 seen Kate today. She cant be
4、 /ie9.（我今天没有看到过凯特，她不可能在这里）注意用机或（必须）进行提问时，肯定回答用否定回答用needn7；用加s*一定）进 行提问时,肯定回答仍用机s,但是否定回答用.如：Must we clean the room before we leave? -Yes9 you侬跖或No, you needn我们走之前必须要打扫房间吗?是的，必须打扫。/ 不，不需要。）/Must she be in the room? -Yes9 she侬跖或No, she经丝&（她一定在房间里吗？ 是的,一定。/不，不可能在。） “ have to表示不得不“必须 。Well无to leave now f
5、or it is very late at night, have to的疑问形式是：助动词+.+&aue加,否定形式是：助动词加或者用needn7. 如：Do you have to stay until 8 o（你得呆到 8 点钟吗? ）/ You dont have to do so.（=You72. 一Selina, I want to learn something about the Winter Olympic Games in Beijing.一Frank know it, because he cares best about it.A. has toB. mustC. ca
6、ntD. might73. Congratulations on passing your exam. You be very pleased with the result.A. canB. mayC. mustD. need74. Mum, why do I have to wash hands so many times a day?一 For your health, you be too careful.A. cantB. shouldntC. mustntD. neednt75. Whenever the exam season comes, stress come with it
7、.一Yeah, I think what we can do is to take it easy.A. needB. has toC. mayD. dare76. Its very dangerous to look at the mobile phone when we walk across the street.一You9re right. We be too careful while crossing the street.A. canB. cantC. mustD. neednt77. On my way to the supermarket, I saw Linda hangi
8、ng out with her sister.一It be her. She has gone to Shanghai.A. cantB. mightC. couldD. mustnt78. We talk or speak loudly in public places, such as hospitals, libraries or cinemas.A. needntB. mustntC. may notD. wouldnt79. 一Must I wash my clothes today?Im afraid you. You should learn to do something by
9、 yourself.A. needB. have toC. canD. could80. People leave rubbish on the ground.A. mustntB. needntC. mustD. need81. 一Shall we meet at the station at 8 a.m.?一In fact we. The train until 10 a.m.A. mustnt; doesnt leaveB. mustnt; leavesC. neednt; won9t leaveD. neednt; will leave82. Nothing can ever real
10、 love and family togetherness.A. take placeB. in place ofC. insteadD. displace83. 一Whose volleyball is this?一It be Lindas. She loves volleyball.A. mustB. cantC. neednt84. Look! The man at the gate be our headmaster. He is always standing there everymorning.一No, it be him. He is holding a meeting in
11、the office now.A. must; cantB. must; mustnt C. cant; cantD. cant; mustnt85. A little bird entered through the open window to join us for dinner last night.一Wow, the unexpected guest welcomed.A. will beB. must beC. wont beD. mustnt be86. Marys home isnt near our school, so she get up at six oclock ev
12、ery morning.A. canB. mayC. has toD. have to87. We never pay too much attention to protecting ourselves from catching the virus.A. shouldB. mustC. mayD. can88. 一How do you usually go to school?一My school is far away. I take the bus to school.A. mustB. dont have to C. have toD. has to89. To give your
13、brain a rest, you may down on your bed,yourself in acomfortable position without thinking about anything.A. lie; layingB. lay; lyingC. lie; lyingD. lay; laying90. 一 Dad, Ive signed for the box. Whafs in it?一 Im not sure. It be a present fi,om your uncle.A. shouldB. mustC. mayD. will91. Lily, why doe
14、s our teacher always ask us to practise handwriting?Because its important in exams. We pay too much attention to it.A. mustntB. shouldntC. needntD. cant92. 一 Is that man your friend Tom?一That man be him, because he has gone to Canada.D. had better notA. cantB. mustntC. neednt93. Jane has lived here
15、for a long time, so she know something about it.A. canB. mayC. maybe1. .1 go now, or Til miss my train.A. canB. mightC. must95. 一Kevin falls asleep in class every morning.一He be out late every night or maybe he works at night.A. canB. needC. must96. 一Can Li Ming an English song?No, I dont think he.A
16、. sing; canB. to sing; canC. sings; cant97. 一May we leave the classroom now?一No, you. You to leave until the bell rings.D. may beD. couldD. shouldD. sing; cantA. mustnt; are allowedB. dont have to; are supposedC. neednt; arent allowedD. cant; arent supposed98. To keep children away from danger durin
17、g the coming summer holiday, parents givethem some safety tips.A. shouldB. mayC. couldD. might99. How long can Ithe book?一Two days.A. borrowB. keepC. lendD. keeps100. They play football last Friday because Simon forgot to bring his football here.A. couldB. couldntC. cantD. can二、虚拟语气1. My English tea
18、cher suggested the word study handouts for fifteen minutes every day.A. me to go over B. I go overC. me go overD. I went over2. The physicists propose that our attention the use of special methods of thinking and acting.B. be directed towardsD. direct towardsA. would be directed towardsC. is directe
19、d towards3. If I you, I invite him to go to see a movie.A. am, wouldB. were, willC. were, wouldD. was, will4.1 strongly suggest that Mike there with us tomorrow.A. goB. goesC. will goD. is going5.1 wish I in Hong Kong now.1. beB. amC. wasD. were6. They that a passport be carried with you at all time
20、s.A. adviseB. tellC. hopeD. expect7. 一I should have been more careful in the exam.It is a great pity that you.A. didntB. haventC. were notD. are not8. If I not so busy J with you .A. was , would goB. were , would goC. was , should goD. were , will go9. If we more time, we could do it better.A. were
21、givenB. are givenC. is givenD. is giving10. If we had taken such effective measures much earlier, the river so seriously now.C. had not been pollutedA. is not polluted B. would not be pollutedD. would not have been polluted11. If I a boss, I would manage a big factory.A. areB. wasC. wereD. be12. His
22、 teacher suggested to English songs every day. Now hes much betterat singing.A. he listenB. he listensC. him listened D. him listens13. He suggests that his friend to Beijing right now.一I think its a good.A. should fly; advice B. will fly; suggestion C. flies; adviseD. fly; suggestion14. What would
23、you do if you won a million yuan? .A. I shall give it to charitiesB. I will buy snacksC. I wont put it in the bankD. Id give it to medical research15. 一Would you like to join us?一rd love to, but Im so busy now. If I time I do it.A. has; willB. have; willC. have; shouldD. had; would16. 一What would yo
24、u do if you the traffic accident?一I would.A. see, do my housework firstB. saw; buy some fruit right awayC. see; call at 110 at onceD. saw; call the police right away17. There are many museums there and they cant decide to choose. In the end,the clerk suggested they to the computer museum.A. what; to
25、 goB. which; goC. which; going18. 一 Come and join us, Ben!Im afraid I cant. Im too busy now. If I time, I would certainly go.A. hadB. will haveC. have hadD. have19. If I harder when I was young, I a university and lived a different life.A. worked; would enteredB. had worked; would have enteredC. wou
26、ld worked; had enteredD. have worked; will have entered20. It is natural to forget new words! I suggest you four or five words a day on pieces ofpaper and them in your room.A. write; makeB. writing; place C. write; placeD. writing; making21. The air pollution is worse and worse. The government sugge
27、sts that people to work bysubway or by bus.A. goB. goesC. goingD. to go1. .1 think all the plants would if there was too much pollution.A. died outB. die ofC.die outD. died of23. Yesterday, the storm delayed us.the storm, we would have been here in time.A. But forB. If it were notforC. But thatD. Un
28、less24. The workers insisted that they a free luncheverynoon and the bosshadto do that.A. be givenB. being givenC. will be to give25. Which of the following is CORRECT?A. Its high time we will take measures to stop the pollution.B. Keep your eyes shut when you will do eye exercises.C. Lucy, we need
29、to leave now! The film has begun for five minutes.D. The boy had finished reading the book by the end of last month.26. If I you, I the job.A. am, will takeB. was, would takeC. were, would takeD. are, will take27. 一Do you feel tired?一No, I dont. If I were tired, I a rest.A. hadB. would haveC. will h
30、ave 28.1 would suggest they to Sheshan State Resort.A. will goB. goC. have goneD. were givenD. haveD. went29. Housing prices since a few years ago. Therefore, its time the central government some effective measures to bring them under control.C. have been increasing; takesD. have been increasing; to
31、okA. have increased; would takeB. have increased; will take30. If I you. I would buy a big house for my parents.A. beB. amC. wasD. were31. John suggested Mary to see the doctor at once.A. goesB. goC. to goD. going32. What should Ido?一I suggest you your schedule first.C.checkingA. to checkB. check33.
32、 You should watched TV. There is so much work to do,A. not haveB. have notC. notD. not having34. She doesnt stick to her exercises and a balanced diet. If she, she would remain slim and healthy.A. had doneB. would doC. didD. should1. .1 suggest you four or five words a day on pieces of paper.A. writ
33、eB. to writeC. writingD. written36. 一 I dont know if Aunt Li these stay-home children tomorrow morning.一 If I her, I would come earlier.A. will come to take care of; amB. come to look after; wereC. will come to take care of; wereD. comes to come up with; am37. Why it get colder when we go up a mount
34、ain? We are getting nearer to the sun!A. ought toB. shouldC. wouldD. must38. The boy insisted that he old enough, and the right to make his own choice.A. was; be givenB. was; was givenC. be; giveD. is; given39. Mr. White at 8:30 fbr the meeting, but he didnt show up.A. should have arrivedB. should a
35、rriveC. should have had arrivedD. should be arriving40. 一 How did you do in the test?Not so well. I much better but I misread the directions for Part.A. could doB. could have doneC. must have doneD. should do41. You should here at 7:00 this morning. But you arrived at 8:00.You were late.A. have arri
36、ved B. arrivedC. arriveD. had arrived42. 一Our English teacher advises us the words every day carefully and honestly.一I do. During the winter holiday, she suggested all the students all the words in theTest Explanation （考试评价指南）.A. to memorize, to memorize B. memorizing, memorized C. to memorize, memo
37、rize 43. The president made a brilliant decision, didnt he?Yes, he did. I dont know what I would have done if I to make that decision.A. wereB. had hadC. have hadD. had44. Take more clothes with you. What if the weather there cold?OK! Mum.A. becomesB. is becomingC. will become45. How I I would have
38、a chance to have a trip! I cant wait the beautifulscenery.A. hope; enjoyingB. hoped; to enjoyC. wish; to enjoy46.1 suggest that we Chinese people Chinese culture with love and joy everywhere wegoA. spreadB. spreadingC. to spreadD. will spread47. The government suggests people the Spring festival at
39、their working place this year.A. to spendB. spendC. spendingD. will spend48.If it hadnt been raining so hard, I might have been home much earlier.Its too bad you it. Nancy here and she to see you.A. didnt make; is; wantsB. wont make; will be; wantsC. didnt make; was; wantedD. wont make; would be; wa
40、nted49.1 I could fly.A. hopeB. wishC. hopedD. wished50.you read the instructions closely, you would know what I referring tonow.A. Had, wasB. Should, amC. Had, amD. If, was参考答案、l.D【解析】句意：三年前，我不会制作网页，但是现在我很擅长。考查情态动词。can能，会；could能，会，can的过去式。时间状语three years ago,时态为 一般过去时，根据“bu俨，句意发生转折，所以第一句是“不会”制作网页，因此
41、用couldnt。故 选D。2. A【解析】句意:我现在必须走吗？ 不，你不必。现在还早。考查情态动词的用法。dont have to不必；mustnt禁止；cant不能；shouldnt不应该。根据 “Must I go now?”及下文回答“It,s early now.”可知，此处是你不必走，选项A符合题意，故选 Ao3. C【解析】句意：你能和我走走吗？ 对不起，我不能。现在我有重要的事情要做。考查情态动词的用法。mustnt不可以，表禁止；neednt不必；cant不能；may not可能不。Could在这里表示语气婉转、客气，所以用can3回答不能，故选C。4. A【解析】句意：对
42、不起，你不能在教室里踢足球。考查情态动词。cant不能；dont不要；dont have to没必要；arent不是。根据空格后的“play soccer in the classroom”可知，句子表达的是“不能在教室里踢足球”，故选A。5. D【解析】句意：我必须今天完成所有的作业吗？ 不，你不必。你可以在星期五之前 完成。考查情态动词。must必须；need需要；mustnt禁止，不要；neednt不必，没有必要；Must 开头的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must,否定回答应用neednt。故选D。6. A【解析】句意：嘿，桑迪。猜猜我在哪里拍的这张照片。一定在英国拍的。我在里 面看到了伦敦
43、眼。考查动词辨析。must 一定，必须；may可以；can能；need需要。根据I saw the London Eye init可知，此处是指这一定在英国拍摄的，表示肯定的推测用must。故选A。7. B【解析】句意：当你去晚会的时候，你应该轻声的说话。考查副词的用法。根据should加动词原形，故排除C和D；根据speak是动词，后用副词， 故排除A,结合句意可知,此空故填speak quietly,故选B。8. A【解析】句意：我的同学跳得这么远！我不敢相信我的眼睛。考查情态动词。cant不能;mustnt禁止;neednt不需要;shouldnt不应该。根据上文“My classmat
44、e is jumping so far”可知，此处指的是不能相信自己的眼睛。故选A。9. C【解析】句意：我会骑自行车，但我不会开车。考查情态动词。can会，能够；can*不会，不能；am是；am not不是。根据语意可知，“我 会骑自行车汽应用情态动词can表能够。句中but表转折，所以应是“我不会开车”，用情态 动词carft表不会。故选C。10. A【解析】句意：那个穿黑衣服的年轻人是Michael? 不，不可能是他。他去了上海。 考查情态动词辨析。cant不可能；may可能;mustnt禁止。根据He has gone to Shanghai.” 可知不可能是Michael,故选A。1
45、1. A【解析】句意：南希不能来参加你的聚会，因为她必须做她的家庭作业。A.必须；B.不能； C.不必；D.可以。根据南希为什么不能来参加你的聚会？可知，因为她必须做她的家庭作 业。强调“必须，不得不”have电主语又是she,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填has to。 B、C、D,不符合句意，故选A。12. D【解析】句意：不要害怕。我可以帮助你。考查祈使句和动词。因为afraid为形容词，不可直接用在dont后面，则A、B两项错误； 又因can为情态动词，后面应加动词原形，则C项错误。故选D。13. C【解析】句意：她平日必须去上班。考查单词辨析。always总是；wants想要；mu
46、st必须。根据go to work”和结合选项可知，情 态动词后加动词原形，故选C。14. D【解析】句意：汤姆，你能在十分钟内完成你的作业吗？ 是的，我能。考查情态动词辨析。must必须；should应该;need需要；can能。根据答语“Yes, I can”可知 空处应用can,故选D。15. A【解析】句意：你会弹吉他吗，马克？ 是的，我会。考查情态动词。can会；must必须；will将会。can开头的一般疑问句，肯定回答用“Yes,主 语+carT。故选Ao16. C【解析】对于这个周日你有什么计划？ 我不知道，我也许去乡下看望我的祖母。考 查情态动词表推测。A. can表示猜测，经常用于否定句意，意思是“一定不是”；B. must 肯定，表示把握大的猜测；C. may可能，也许，猜测的把握小；D. need需要。根据上句 还没有确定，可知说话的把握小，故选C。17. C【解析】句意：右边的标志意味着我们不能拍照。考查情态动词。must必须;need需要；mustnt禁止;neednt