《【教育资料】北师大版高中英语选修六第3讲：Unit16 Stories-语法篇学习精品.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《【教育资料】北师大版高中英语选修六第3讲：Unit16 Stories-语法篇学习精品.pdf（12页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、教育资源 教育资源 Unit 16 Stories 语法篇 _ _ 1、掌握过去完成时的用法；区分一般过去时与过去完成时的用法。2、掌握并区分 have/get 后加复合宾语的用法。一.过去完成时 1.定义：过去完成时是表示在过去某一时间或某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作、事情。它表示的是发生在“过去的过去”的动作，只有在和过去某个时间或动作相比较的时候才会使用过去完成时。2.构成：肯定式：had+动词的过去分词 否定式：hadnt+动词的过去分词 疑问式：Had +动词的过去分词 简略回答:Yes,主+have/has had.No,主+had.3.用法：表示在过去某一时间或某个动作之前已经
2、发完成的动作或状态，强调在过去某一动作之前发发生了另一动作，即“过去的过去”。此句中常有 by 引导的时间状语从句或以 before,until,when,than 等词引导的一般过去时的时间状语从句。By yesterday evening I had learnt about the news.昨晚我就已经得知了这个消息。By the time they arrived,the bus had left.他们到的时候，公交车已经离开了。They were sorry they had never been to the Great Wall.他们因从未去过长城而感到遗憾。表示一个动作或状态
3、在过去某个时间之前发生或存在，一直持续到这个过去时间，并有可能持续下去。此时句中常有 for 或 since 构成的时间状语或 since，after 引导的时间状语从句。He had worked for more than 10 hours before we arrived.在我们到达之前，他已经工作 10 多个小时了。教育资源 教育资源 She said she had made great progress since she came here.她说自从她到这儿已经取得了很大进步。表达过去未曾实现的愿望，意思是“本打算（希望）.”，常用下列动词的过去完成式来表示：plan,want
4、,hope,think,intend,mean,suppose,expect 等。They had wanted to help but couldnt get there in time.他们本想去帮忙，但没能及时赶到那儿。用于 no sooner.than,hardly/scarcely.when 句型中，意为“一.就.”。No sooner had he sat down than the phone rang.他刚坐下电话铃就响了。用于 it was the first/second.time that 及 it was.since.后的从句中 This was the first t
5、ime he had ever been late.这是他第一次迟到。It was three years since we had left the city.（那时）我们离开那座城市已有三年。二.过去完成时与一般过去时的区别 1.一般过去时表示过去时间发生的动作或存在的状态，而过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成得动作或状态，即“过去的过去”。当强调过去某一动作发生在另一动作之前时，常用过去完成时。比较：The class had already begun when I came to school.当我来到学校时，已经开始上课了。He had gone home before
6、 I got to his office.在我到达他的办公室之前，他就已经回家了。2.一般过去时与过去完成时都可以和确定的表示过去的时间状语连用，但侧重点有所不同。比较：They had done the work at five oclock.在 5 点钟的时候他们已经完成了那项工作。They did the work at five oclock.他们是在五点钟做那项工作的。3.在带有 after 或 before 引导的时间状语从句的复合句中，由于从句的动作和主句的动作发生的先后顺序已经非常明确，所以可以用一般过去时代替过去完成时。He called on me soon after h
7、e had returned.他回来不久便来拜访我了。=He called on me soon after he returned.The train had left before I got to the station.我到站之前，火车已经离开了。=The train left before I got to the station.三.have/get+复合宾语 教育资源 教育资源 have,get 后接三种形式做宾语补足语时，have,get 意为“使，让，叫”。1.have/get sth.done 使/让某事由别人去做（叫/让某人做某事）Ill have/get my bike
8、 repaired tomorrow.明天我会叫人给我修自行车。误区警示：have sth.done 还表示“使某事/某物遭受.”。Tom had his leg broken while playing football.汤姆踢足球时，一条腿摔断了。2.have sb./sth.doing sth.使/让某人/某物持续地做某事（现在分词表示主动和正在进行）；get sb./sth.doing sth.使某人/某物开始做某事 The peasants had the tractors working day and night at the harvest time.在收获的时节，农民们让拖拉
9、机夜以继日地工作。The captain got the soldiers moving toward the front after a short rest.休息了片刻之后，上尉让士兵们开始朝前线行进。误区警示：have sb.doing 若用于否定句中，have 有“容忍”之意。I cant have you speaking to your parents like that.我不会容忍你跟你的父母那样说话。Dont have the water running all the time.不要让水流个不停。3.have sb.do sth./get sb.to do sth.使/让/叫
10、某人去做某事 Mother had me go to the shop and buy some salt.妈妈让我去商店买些盐。I cant get him to stop smoking.He wont listen to me.我不能阻止他吸烟。他不听我的。例 1.（2019 北京高考）I found the lecture hard to follow because it _ _ when I arrived.A.started B.was starting C.would start D.had started 教育资源 教育资源 解析：句意：我发现那个演讲很难跟得上，因为我到的时
11、候已经开始了。考查动词的时态。arrive发生在过去，start 发生在 arrive 之前，因此用过去完成时。答案：D。例 2.（2019 山东高考）Writing out all the invitations by hand was more time-consuming than we _ _.A.will expect B.are expecting C.expect D.had expected 解析：句意：手写所有得邀请函比我们预想的更耗时。考查动词时态。was 为过去式，expect 发生在“耗费时间”之前，“过去的过去”，故用过去完成时。答案：D。例 3.（2019 陕西高考
12、）No sooner _ _ stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.A.had Mo Yan B.Mo Yan had C.has Mo Yan D.Mo Yan has 解析：句意：莫言一登上舞台，观众就发出了雷鸣般的掌声。考查动词的时态。no sooner.than.是固定搭配“一.就.”，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时；no sooner 置于句首时，其后用部分倒装。答案：A。例 4.（2019 浙江高考）Sofia looked around at all the faces:sh
13、e had the impression that she _ _ most of the guests before.A.has seen B.had seen C.saw 教育资源 教育资源 D.would see 解析：句意：索菲亚环视了所有得面庞，她有印象-绝大多数的客人以前她都见过。考查动词的时态。see 发生在 look 和 have 之前，即发生在过去的过去，故用过去完成时。答案：B。例 5.They might just have a place _ _ on the writing course-why dont you give it a try?A.left B.leav
14、e C.leaving D.to leave 解析：句意：他们可能在作业课上还留有一个名额，你为什么不试一试？have sth.done 结构。答案：A。基础演练 一.用括号里所给动词的适当形式填空。1.He _ _ _(abandon)his wife and daughter before he became a famous violinist.2.He was trembling all the way because he was told the news that his son _ _ _(knock)an old lady over on his way home.3.Whe
15、n she turned around the corner,she found that the road _ _ _ already been _ _ _(block)out.4.He _ _ _(gather)all his courage to ask for a pay rise before he went to work that day,but was still too nervous to tell it to his boss.5.He _ _ _(go)through lots of hardship before he came here,but he didnt l
16、ose heart.6.Once upon a time,a king liked horses very much and he often had artists _ _(paint)horses for him.7.In the old society,people sometimes had to have their children _ _(abandon)for lack of money.8.It occurred to me that I could have the vase _ _(preserve)in the museum.9.You shouldnt get you
17、rself _ _(discourage).After all,you are not alone on this point.教育资源 教育资源 10.You cant get the stubborn boy _ _(change)his mind.Keys：1.had abandoned;2.had knocked;3.had,blocked;4.had gathered;5.had gone;6.paint;7.abandoned;8.preserved;9.discouraged;10.to change 二.单项选择。1.He _ _ in Shanghai University
18、for four years before he _ _ Beijing.A.studied,had gone B.had studied,went C.has studied,goes D.had studied,had gone 2.Mary said it was at least five years since he _ _ a good drink.A.enjoyed B.was enjoying C.had enjoyed D.would enjoy 3.Xiao Pei said she _ _ Hainan for 3 months.A.has been in B.had b
19、een in C.had been to D.had gone to 4.He was unhappy when he sold his guitar.After all,he _ _ it for a very long time.A.has had B.had had C.has D.had 5.You cant have the horse _ _ all the way.Its too hot.A.run B.to run C.running D.to be running Keys：1-5 BCBBC 巩固提高 一.用括号里所给动词的适当形式填空。1.She _ _ _(count)
20、on her uncle to support her before she graduated from university.2.At last,the sufferings he _ _ _(suffer)paid off and his biography came out at last.3.On his way to the station,he came across an old classmate he _ _ _(not see)for a long time.4.I still didnt figure out what _ _ _(happen)to her becau
21、se she was discouraged whenever I met her.5.It was the second time that he _ _ _(burst)out of the classroom without permission.教育资源 教育资源 6.The troublesome boy had his fathers car window _ _(break).7.You shouldnt have had the precious time _ _(waste)on the computer games.8.The traffic jam had them _
22、_(hold up)on the cold winter morning.9.It was severe cold.No matter how hard I tried,I still couldnt get the car _ _(run)again.10.The clever man had the complex physical problem _ _(figure out)in an instant.Keys：1.had counted;2.had suffered;3.hadnt seen;4.had happened;5.had burst 6.broken;7.wasted;8
23、.held up;9.running;10.figured out 二.单项选择。1.Last month,students in Xiuning High School got involved in the sports meeting,for which they _ for quite a long time.A.has prepared B.prepared C.had prepared D.would prepare 2.Before driving into the city,you are required to get your car _ _.A.washed B.wash
24、 C.washing D.to wash 3.（2019 安徽高考）The twins,who _ _ their homework,were allowed to play badminton on the playground.A.will finish B.finish C.have finished D.had finished 4.Do you think you could get this parcel _ _ for me,please?A.mailed B.to mail C.mailing D.mail 5.He _ _ football regularly for man
25、y years when he was young.A.was playing B.played C.has played D.had played Keys：1-5 CADAB 一.用动词的适当形式填空。教育资源 教育资源 1.We _(paint)the house before we _(move)in.2.That rich old man _(make)a will before he _(die).3.They _(study)the map of the country before they _ _(leave).4.The robbers _(run away)before
26、the policemen _ _ (arrive).5.I _(turn off)all the lights before I _(go)to bed.6.Paul _(go)out with Jane after he _(make)a phone call.7.Tom _(say)he _(read)the book twice.8.Our plan _(fail)because we _(make)a bad mistake.9.When the chairman _(finish)speaking,he _(leave)the hall.10.The Reads _ (have)l
27、unch when I _(get)to their house.Keys:1.had painted,moved;2.had made,died;3.had studied,left;4.had run away,arrived;5.had turned off,went;6.went,had made;7.said,had read;8.failed,had made;9.had finished,left;10.had had,got 二.单项选择。1.The police found that the house _ _ and a lot of things _.A.has brok
28、en into,has been stolen B.had broken into,had been stolen C.has been broken into,stolen D.had been broken into,stolen 2.By the end of last century,we _ _ our country into a strong modern country.A.will build B.had built C.have built D.will have built 3.We _ the work by six yesterday evening.A.finish
29、ed B.would finish C.had finished D.had been finished 4.I _to help you but couldnt get here in time.A.want B.had wanted C.have wanted D.was wanting 教育资源 教育资源 5.Mrs.Wu told me that her sister _.A.left about two hours before B.would leave about two hours before C.has left about two hours ago D.had left
30、 about two hours before 6.When I reached home,my parents _their supper.A.are having B.have already had C.have had D.had already had 7.It seemed that the old man _ something important.A.has lost B.had lost C.lost D.would lose 8.We will have you _ that the machine has been made _ at full speed.A.know;
31、working B.know;to work C.knowing;work D.know;work 9.Did you see Xiao Li at the party?No,_by the time I arrived.A.shed left B.shes left C.She was left D.she must leave 10.The job proved to be much more difficult than I_ _.A.expect B.expected C.would expect D.had expected Keys:1-10 DBCBD DBBAD _ _ 一.单
32、项选择。1.We couldnt catch up with the others because they _ _ too long before us.A.started B.were starting C.have started D.had started 2.She felt anxious about her son as she _for quite a long time.A.havent heard him B.hadnt heard him C.havent heard from him D.hadnt heard from him 教育资源 教育资源 3.By the t
33、ime the speaker entered the hall,all the listeners _ _.A.had been seated B.were seated C.seated D.were seating 4.By the end of last July,this building _.A.will be finished B.will have finished C.will have been finished D.had been finished 5.By the time the war _ _,most of the people had left.A.was b
34、egan B.was broken out C.broke out D.had been broken out 6.If she _ _ harder,she would have succeeded.A.had worked B.have worked C.should work D.worked 7.I wont have you _ _ to your mother in that way.A.say B.talking C.talked D.speak 8.-Some money is missing.-Well,we must get the police _ at once.A.t
35、o inform B.informing C.informed of D.informed 9.That dinner was the most expensive meal we _ _.A.would have B.have had C.had never had D.had ever had 10.When Jack arrived,he learned Mary _ _ for almost an hour.A.had gone B.had set of C.had left D.had been away keys：1-10 DDADC ABDDD 二.根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选
36、项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。We are all called upon to a make a speech at some point in life,but most of us dont do a very good job.1 .教育资源 教育资源 So,you have to give a speech-and you are terrified.You get nervous,you forget what you want to say,you stumble（结结巴巴）over words,you talk too long,and you bor
37、e your audience.Later you think,“Thank goodness,it is over.I am just not good at public speaking.I hope I never have to do that again.”Cheep up!2 .Here are some simple steps to take the pain out of speech making.Ask yourself the purpose of your speech.What is the occasion?Why are you speaking?Then,g
38、ather as many facts as you can on your subject.Spend plenty of your time doing your research.Then spend plenty of time organizing your material so that your speech is clear and easy to follow.Use as many examples as possible,and use pictures,charts,and graphs if they help you make your points more c
39、learly.3 .Dont talk over their heads,and dont talk down to them.Treat your audience with respect.They will app reciate your thoughtfulness.Just remember:Be prepared.Know your subject,your audience,and the occasion.Be brief.4 .And be yourself.Let your personality come through so that you make person-
40、to-person contact with your audience.If you follow these simple steps,you will see that you dont have to be afraid of public speaking.In fact,you may find the experience so enjoyable that you volunteer to make more speeches!Youre not convinced yet?_ 5 _.A.It doesnt have to be that bad.B.Take several
41、 deep breaths before your speech.C.This article gives some advice on how to give a good speech.D.Say what you have to say and then stop.E.Dont say what you arent familiar with.F.Never forget your audience.G.Give it a try and see what happens.keys：教育资源 教育资源 1-5 CAFDG 三.书面表达 最近你们班举行了一场关于“动物园里养动物好不好”的讨
42、论。假如你是李华，请你根据下表所提供的信息，用英语将讨论的结果向某中学生英语报投稿，并陈述你的观点(至少发挥一条)。注意：词数 120 左右。赞成的同学认为 反对的同学认为 1.有助于亲眼目睹野生动物 2.有助于培养对动物和自然的热爱 3.能保护动物免于野生环境的危险 1.浪费人力物力 2.破坏生态平衡 3.动物失去自由 参考范文：Dear editor,Im writing to tell you about the discussion we held on whether it is good to keep animals in zoos.Those who favour the id
43、ea think it provides chances for people to see wild animals.It might also develop peoples love for animals and nature.Besides,animals in zoos can be protected from danger in the wild.However,those who are against the idea think that its a waste of money and labor to keep animals in the zoo.Itll also damage the balance of nature.Animals will lose their freedom if caged in the zoo.I personally feel it is wrong to take animals away from their natural living areas and keep them locked up.Yours sincerely,Li Hua