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1、走向高考走向高考 英语英语路漫漫其修远兮路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索吾将上下而求索新课标版新课标版 二轮专题复习二轮专题复习专题二专题二完形填空完形填空第一讲记第一讲记 叙叙 文文 专题专题二二记叙文是高考完形填空题的常用体裁，作者通过叙述的方式表达对某一特定人物或事件的情感或评价。记叙文完形填空的主要特点如下。1记叙为主隐含情感。记叙文以记叙为主，这类文章一般都有较为完整的六个要素，即时间、地点、人物、事件(经过)、原因、结果。记叙文虽然以记叙为主，但它也要表达作者自己对某一特定人物的情感或评价，这些对人物的评价或情感态度作者并不明说而是常隐含在描述性的文字中。2情节曲折信息量大。作者在叙
2、述的过程中往往还会把人物的语言、行为、心理的描写融入到叙述中，增加了理解文章的难度。考生必须理清上下文的脉络，对人物的语言、行为、心理等做出合理的想象与推理，并仔细揣摩作者的用意，才能对具体的语境理解到位。3蕴含哲理耐人寻味。有些叙述性完形填空往往在平淡的叙述中蕴含着深刻的生活哲理，因此考生不仅要理解文章的字面意思，更重要的是要挖掘文章的内涵和哲理。That was why she was alone on the _39_，wearing an expensive swimsuit.It has taken a massive tantrum to _40_ her parents to b
3、uy it.They were back at the beachhouse,_41_ from the tantrum she had thrown when they told her that it was too dangerous to go diving _42_.“Dangerous？”she had said.“You just dont want me to have _43_.Im going and if you try to stop me,Ill scream.”“What are you doing？”a voice asked.Diane jumped.She d
4、id not know that the man was there _44_ he spoke.“Im going diving，”she answered.“You shouldnt swim today，”the man _45_.“There is a storm coming up.”“You should mind your own _46_！”Diane replied and walked into the gentle waves.“If you go out there youll be _47_，”the man called after her.She did not
5、bother to reply.Diane slipped into the water and dived _48_ until white caps began rolling in and it became harder to _49_ against the current(水流).Saltwater hit against her face,making it _50_ to breathe.Oh,why had she not listened to advice?Panicking,she began to _51_.Then,just as it seemed as if s
6、he would slip beneath the surface,she heard a _52_ voice.“Hold on!Im coming.”With _53_，she saw the old man rowing an ancientlooking boat towards her.“I hope youve learned a lesson.You put us both in _54_，”he shouted angrily,as he dragged her over the side of the _55_.Gratefully,Diane thanked him and
7、 ran towards the beachhouse.36A.either BneitherCnothingDeverything37A.jumpBlieCspinDsleep38A.set outBset inCgave inDgave out39A.beachBbedCfloorDship40A.allowBwarnCgetDprefer41A.changingBrecoveringCappearingDtraveling42A.aloneBawayCagainDaside43A.timeBmoneyCfoodDfun44A.whenBuntilCafterDonce45A.decide
8、dBintendedCadvisedDrepeated46A.businessBswimsuitCfriends Dparents47A.angryBsorryCconfusedDexcited48A.nervouslyBsadlyCshylyDhappily49A.riseBswimCstopDrow50A.difficultBeasyCcomfortableDsuitable51A.speakBsingCsniffDscream52A.calmBfrighteningCbeautifulDdisgusting53A.regretBreliefCinterestDease54A.powerB
9、safetyCdangerDthought 55A.house BwaveCbeachDboat记叙文要这样读1理清文章所用人称本文是以第三人称进行记叙的，使用第三人称的记叙文是以“观察者”的身份展开叙述，显得语气比较客观。2了解文章结构形式本文按时间先后顺序安排情节和内容，其优点是条理清楚、层次分明。但是在有些记叙文中作者可能会采用插叙甚至倒叙的写作手法。3把握记叙文六大要素这篇文章的六个要素为：事件：外出潜水；人物：Diane Ray；时间：when Diane Ray went diving；地点：the sea；原因：Diane Ray was completely selfcentr
10、ed and very spoilt；结果：一次经历让她明白了一个做人的道理。弄清了这六个要素，基本上就理解了整篇文章。4明确作者写作目的就事论事肯定不是记叙的目的，而是通过叙述阐明一个道理。这篇文章的写作目的在文章最后一段的倒数第二句，即“I hope youve learned a lesson.”记叙文题要这样做第一步：速读全文，理清主线，把握主旨本文主线：戴安自私任性耍孩子脾气弄到游泳衣去海上潜水不听从老人劝告遇险被老人救助明白生活的道理文章大意：戴安是一个被父母宠坏的小女孩，靠耍小孩脾气从父母那儿得到了她所有想得到的东西。但是一次经历让她明白了一个做人的道理。第二步：逐句推敲，瞻前顾
11、后，顺藤摸瓜1.逐句推敲，理清联系，找出主题句本文的主题句为：Diane Ray was completely selfcentred and very spoilt.2.瞻前顾后，锁定信息词，比对选项以第一段为例，文中第一段的信息词为：throw a temper tantrum，scream，kick。3.顺藤摸瓜，敲定答案由第一段所提供的信息词可知Diane Ray是一个被父母宠坏的小女孩，故36、37、38题顺理成章的应选everything；lie；gave in。第三步：通读全文，统筹兼顾，重点击破带着已选答案，迅速通读全文，着眼一个“通”字，保证语义通顺，逻辑顺畅，符合作者情感历
12、程轨迹；否则，不通则变，重点击破，重新考虑所选选项。解题模板36D由于知道如果不随她所愿，她一定会耍小孩脾气，她的父母给她一切她想要的东西。上下文语义理解题。信息依据是该句中的“throw a temper tantrum”及第一段最后一句“Her parents always _38_”。37B她就会尖叫、踢打并躺在地上蹬腿跺脚。上下文语义理解题。信息依据是空后的“on the floor”。38C她的父母总是屈服。词义辨析题。明确各选项意义是关键：set out“出发，开始”；set in“开端，来临”；give in“屈服，让步”；give out“分发，发布，用尽”。39A那就是为什么
13、她穿着昂贵的游泳衣，独自在沙滩上。上下文语义理解题。信息依据是该空后的“wearing an expensive swimsuit”及41空前的“beachhouse”。40C这套泳衣是狠耍了小孩子脾气后她父母才给买来的。词义辨析题。明确各选项意义是关键：get sb.to do sth.“让某人做某事”；allow sb.to do sth.“允许某人做某事”；warn sb.to do sth.“警告/提醒某人做某事”；prefer sb.后不能用to do sth.。41B当她的父母告诉她独自去潜水很危险时，她耍了脾气，她父母回到海滩房以恢复好情绪。上下文语义理解题。信息依据是空后的“t
14、he tantrum she had thrown”及第二段最后Diane所说的话。42A当她的父母告诉她独自去潜水很危险时，她耍了脾气，她父母回到海滩房以恢复好情绪。上下文语义理解题。信息依据是第二段第一句中的“alone”。43D“危险？”她说，“你们只是不想让我玩得高兴。我会去，如果你们阻止我，我就尖叫。”习惯搭配及固定结构题。have fun“玩得高兴”，为习惯搭配。44B直到他说话，她才知道有个人在那儿。语法结构题。not.until“直到才”，符合语境。45C“你今天不应该游泳”，老人建议道。上下文语义理解题。信息依据是空前的“You shouldnt swim today”及倒数
15、第二段最后一句中的“advice”。46A“你少管闲事”，Diane回答道，她走进泛起微波的水中。习惯搭配及固定结构题。mind ones own business是固定搭配，意为“少管闲事”。47B“如果你去那儿，你会后悔的”，那个人在她后面喊。上下文语义理解题。信息依据是倒数第二段最后一句对Diane感到后悔的描述。48DDiane滑进水里，开心地潜水直到白浪开始卷入，逆水游泳已经变得比较困难了。词义辨析题。明确各选项意义是关键：nervously“紧张地”；sadly“难过地”；shyly“害羞地”；happily“高兴地”。49BDiane滑进水里，开心地潜水直到白浪开始卷入，逆水游泳
16、已经变得比较困难了。上下文语义理解题。信息依据是该句中的“white caps began rolling in”。50A咸咸的海水打在她的脸上，让她难以呼吸。生活常识及文化背景题。根据生活常识可知，Diane面临的危险境况令她难以呼吸。51D惊慌中，她开始尖叫。上下文语义理解题。信息依据是空前的“panicking”。52A然后，正当她似乎要被卷入水面以下时，她听到一个冷静的声音。上下文语义理解题。信息依据是文章第三段中提到的老人知道她去游泳了，文章最后一段提到老人准备了船来救她，以上信息说明老人有备而来，故声音应该是平静的。53B看到老人驾着一艘旧船向自己驶来，她松了一口气。词义辨析题。明
17、确各选项意义是关键：regret“后悔”；relief“宽慰，轻松”；interest“兴趣”；ease“舒适”。54C当他把她拖到船的一边时，他生气地喊道“我希望你已经得到了一个教训，你将我们两个人都置于危险之中。”生活常识及文化背景题。根据生活常识可知，在有风暴的日子来到海上，应该是危险的。55D当他把她拖到船的一边时，他生气地喊道“我希望你已经得到了一个教训，你将我们两个人都置于危险之中。”上下文语义理解题。信息依据是最后一段第三句中提到的老人划着一条小船来救她，故此处应是把她拽上小船。一(2014新课标卷)Joe Simpson and Simon Yates were the fir
18、st people to climb the West Face of the Siula Grande in the Andes mountains.They reached the top _1_，but on their way back conditions were very _2_.Joe fell and broke his leg.They both knew that if Simon _3_ alone,he would probably get back _4_.But Simon decided to risk his _5_ and try to lower Joe
19、down the mountain on a rope(绳)As they _6_ down,the weather got worse.Then another _7_ occurred.They couldnt see or hear each other and,_8_，Simon lowered his friend over the edge of a precipice(峭壁).It was _9_ for Joe to climb back or for Simon to pull him up.Joes _10_ was pulling Simon slowly towards
20、 the precipice._11_，after more than an hour in the dark and the icy cold,Simon had to _12_.In tears,he cut the rope.Joe _13_ into a huge crevasse(裂缝)in the ice below.He had no food or water and he was in terrible pain.He couldnt walk,but he _14_ to get out of the crevasse and started to _15_ towards
21、 their camp,nearly ten kilometers _16_.Simon had _17_ the camp at the foot of the mountain.He thought that Joe must be _18_，but he didnt want to leave _19_.Three days later,in the middle of the night,he heard Joes voice.He couldnt _20_ it.Joe was there,a few meters from their tent,still alive.文章大意：这
22、是一篇记叙文，两个朋友Simon和Joe在成功登顶后回程途中遭遇恶劣天气，Joe又摔断了腿，Simon冒着生命危险尽力营救Joe，但是，最后不得不含泪放弃。而Joe努力自救，最后二人团聚。全文体现了人们对于生命对于友谊的坚持、不放弃。1A.hurriedly BcarefullyCsuccessfully Dearly答案：C由上文他们是爬上the Siula Grande的第一批人，可知他们成功登顶。故选C项。2A.difficult Bsimilar Cspecial Dnormal答案：A 上文是成功，but表示转折可知下文是不好的情况，所以选A项，“回去的路上，情况很困难”。其它都不合
23、题意。3A.climbed BworkedCrested Dcontinued答案：D 由上文Joe摔断了腿，可知如果simon(不照顾Joe)自己继续走下去的话，他会回去的。4A.unwillingly Bsafely Cslowly Dregretfully 答案：B Simon自己会安全地回去的。safely安全地，强调结果。而slowly慢慢地，此处应该强调对比照顾与不照顾Joe的结果。故选B项。5A.fortune Btime Chealth Dlife 答案：D 由上文提到如此艰难的环境，还要照顾断腿的Joe，这是冒着生命的危险，故选D项。6A.lay Bsettled Cwent
24、 Dlooked 答案：C由上文可知，他们是在下山，所以选C项，go down下去；而lie down躺下，settle down定居下来，look down向下看，皆不合题意。7A.damage Bstorm Cchange Dtrouble 答案：D 由下文“他们彼此既看不见又听不见”，可知“又一个问题出现了”，故选D项，trouble问题，麻烦事。8A.by mistake Bby chanceCby choice Dby back答案：A 由上文“他们彼此既看不见又听不见”，且由and连接，可知由此产生了不好的结果，因此选A项，by mistake错误地。by chance偶然地；by
25、 choice出于自愿；by luck幸运地，皆不合题意。9A.unnecessary Bpractical Cimportant Dimpossible 答案：D由上下文可知Joe爬回去是不可能的，Simon把他拉上去也是不可能的，故选D项。10A.height BweightCstrength Dequipment 答案：B由上下文可知，Joe在下面，他的重量正在把Simon拉下悬崖。11A.Finally BPatientlyCSurely DQuickly 答案：A在寒冷和黑暗中经过了一个多小时，最终，Simon不得不做出决定，应选A项，finally，最后，此处强调事情的结果。12A
26、.stand back Btake a restCmake a decision Dhold on 答案：C 由下文In tears,he cut the rope.可知是Simon不得不做出决定。13A.jumped Bfell Cescaped Dbacked 答案：B 由上文，Simon割断了绳子，那么Joe只能摔落，掉进下面的冰的裂缝中。fall摔倒，跌落。其它不合题意。14A.managed BplannedCwaited Dhoped 答案：A 由下文，他出了裂缝，开始朝向营地爬，可知要用manage设法做成了某事，强调成功做成的结果。而BCD项“计划”、“等待”、“希望”，与下文
27、题意不符。15A.run Bskate CmoveDmarch 答案：C由上文，Joe摔断了腿，可知只能朝向营地移动，用move。而run跑、skate滑冰、march行军，都是不可能的。16A.around Baway Cabove Dalong 答案：B营地有十公里远，用away，离开，远离，符合题意。17A.headed for Btraveled toCleft for Dreturned to 答案：D 由下文Simon不愿意离开，可知Simon回到了营地。故选D项。18A.dead Bhurt Cweak Dlate 答案：A根据上文环境那么艰苦而Joe又断了腿，可以推断“Joe一
28、定是死了”。故选A项。19A.secretly Btiredly Cimmediately Danxiously 答案：C 由but表示转折可以看出，虽然Simon认为Joe一定是死了，但他不愿意马上离开。故选C项，immediately迅速，马上。其它不合情景。20A.find Bbelieve Cmake Daccept 答案：B 他听到了Joe的声音，因为以为Joe已经死了，所以不能相信他还活着。故选B项。二(2014山东卷)Charlotte Whitehead was born in England in 1843,and moved to Montreal,Canada at th
29、e age of five with her family.While _1_ her ill elder sister throughout the years,Charlotte discovered she had a(n)_2_ in medicine.At 18 she married and _3_ a family.Several years later,Charlotte said she wanted to be a _4_.Her husband supported her decision._5_，Canadian medical schools did not _6_
30、women students at the time.Therefore,Charlotte went to the United States to study _7_ at the Womens Medical College in Philadelphia.It took her five years to _8_ her medical degree.Upon graduation,Charlotte _9_ to Montreal and set up a private _10_.Three years later,she moved to Winnipeg,Manitoba,an
31、d there she was once again a _11_ doctor.Many of her patients were from the nearby timber and railway camps.Charlotte _12_ herself operating on damaged limbs and setting _13_ bones,in addition to delivering all the babies in the area.But Charlotte had been practising without a licence.She had _14_ a
32、 doctors licence in both Montreal and Winnipeg,but was _15_.The Manitoba College of Physicians and Surgeons,an allmale board,wanted her to _16_ her studies at a Canadian medical college!Charlotte refused to _17_ her patients to spend time studying what she already knew.So in 1887,she appealed to the
33、 Manitoba Legislature to _18_ a licence to her but they,too,refused.Charlotte _19_ to practice without a licence until 1912.She died four years later at the age of 73.In 1993,77 years after her _20_，a medical licence was issued to Charlotte.This decision was made by the Manitoba Legislature to honor
34、“this courageous and pioneering woman.”文章大意：本文主要讲述了一位传奇医生的追梦历程和无私奉献的一生。1A.raising BteachingCnursing Dmissing 答案：C整个一年中都在照顾生病的姐姐时，nurse意为护理。2A.habit BinterestCopinion Dvoice 答案：B夏洛特发现她对医药感兴趣。have a interest in 对感兴趣。3A.invented BselectedCoffered Dstarted答案：D18岁时，夏洛蒂结婚开始了家庭生活。start 开始。4A.doctor Bmusici
35、anClawyer Dphysicist 答案：A有后文可知他想成为一名医生。5A.Besides BUnfortunatelyCOtherwise DEventually答案：Bunfortunately意为不幸的是，加拿大不允许女子入学。6A.hire BentertainCtrust Daccept 答案：D参考上一题解析。accept接受。7A.history BphysicsCmedicine Dlaw答案：C根据后文提示可知为医药大学。8A.improve Bsave Cdesign Dearn答案：Dearn意为获得，获得医药学历。9A.returned BescapedCspr
36、ead Dwandered 答案：A据上文知蒙特利尔是她的家乡，学成后返回。10A.school BmuseumCclinic Dlab答案：C开办一个私人诊所，即clinic。11A.busy Bwealthy Cgreedy Dlucky答案：A由下文知夏洛蒂为附近人们服务，因而busy很忙。12A.helped BfoundCtroubled Dimagined答案：Bfind sb.doing发现某人一直做某事。13A.harmful Btired Cbroken Dweak 答案：C接上断掉的骨头，broken意为断掉的。14A.put away Btaken overCturned
37、 on Dapplied for答案：D由上下文知，她曾经申请过医生执照，但被拒绝。15A.punished BrefusedCblamed Dfired 答案：B参考上一题的解析。16A.display BchangeCpreview Dcomplete答案：Dcomplete意为完成，一所大学邀请她完成学业。17A.leave BchargeCtest Dcure 答案：A由原文知她不愿离开病人去学习。leave离开。18A.sell BdonateCissue Dshow答案：Cissue意为颁发，发行。19A.continued BpromisedCpretended Ddreamed答案：A由上文知，夏洛蒂没有获得执照，但继续行医。continue意为继续。20A.birth BdeathCwedding Dgraduation答案：B在夏洛蒂去世77年后，获得执照，death意为去世。