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1、 Unit 4 Body language【诵读诵读积积累累】请请根据下表中的内容写一篇短文根据下表中的内容写一篇短文,题题目自目自拟拟。BodylanguageMeaning in ChinaMeaning in the US跺跺脚脚(stamp ones foot)AngerImpatience讲话讲话人鼓掌人鼓掌(clap hands)Thank youImmodest(傲慢傲慢的的,不合礼不合礼仪仪的的)盯盯着人看着人看(stare at people)CuriosityImpolitenessSame Body Language with Different Meanings Bod
2、y language is part of the ways in which we communicate.But not all body language means the same thing in different countries.Take China and America for example,“stamping ones foot”,in China,may show ones anger,while in America it means impatience.“Clapping hands”never happens to an American speaker,
3、because it is considered immodest in his/her own country.In China,however,it suggests the speakers appreciation and means“thank you”.“Staring at people”too long is thought as impoliteness in America.It may make people feel uneasy or uncomfortable.But Chinese people may think it is nothing more than
4、curiosity.These examples tell the differences of body language.【尝试尝试运用运用】词汇词汇翻翻译译感激感激(n.)_不舒服的不舒服的 _以以为为例例 _仅仅仅仅,只不只不过过 _appreciationuncomfortabletake.for examplenothing more than句式仿写句式仿写幽默感是我幽默感是我们们放松的途径之一。放松的途径之一。(ways)A sense of humour is one of the ways in which we relax ourselves.有些人坐着无所事事有些人坐着
5、无所事事,而另一些人却在干所有的工作。而另一些人却在干所有的工作。(while)Some people are sitting around while others are doing all the work.她被她被认为认为是是继继姚明之后第二个最受姚明之后第二个最受欢欢迎的人。迎的人。(be thought as)She is thought as the second most popular person after Yao Ming.他他补补充充说说,他的工作只不他的工作只不过过是社区服是社区服务务的另一种形式。的另一种形式。(nothing more than)He added
6、 that his work was nothing more than another form of community service.单词盘单词盘点点核心速核心速记记1._(vt.)代表；象征代表；象征2._(adj.)好奇的好奇的3._(vt.&vi.)接近；靠近；走近接近；靠近；走近 (n.)接近；方法；途径接近；方法；途径representcuriousapproach4._(n.)成人；成年人成人；成年人 (adj.)成人的；成熟的成人的；成熟的5._(n.)作用；功能；作用；功能；职职能能 (vi.)起作用；运起作用；运转转6._(n.)安逸；舒适安逸；舒适 (vt.)减减轻
7、轻(痛苦、痛苦、忧虑忧虑)7._(adj.)错误错误的；假的的；假的8._(n.)等等级级；军衔军衔adultfunctioneasefalserank联联想串想串记记9._(vi.&vt.)迎迎接接；问问候候_(n.)迎迎接接；问问候候；招招呼呼10._(n.)社社团团；联联系系；联联想想_(vt.)把把联联系起来系起来11._(vt.)保保护护；保；保卫卫_(n.)防御；保防御；保卫卫12._(adj.)主要的主要的_(n.)大多数大多数,大部分大部分13._(vt.)误误解解；误误会会_(n.)误误解；解；误误会会14._(adj.)口口语语的的_(adj.)(反反义义词词)未未说说出出
8、口口的；非口的；非口语语的的greetgreetingassociationassociatedefenddefencemajormajoritymisunderstandmisunderstandingspokenunspoken.短短语语互互译译1.防御；保防御；保卫卫以免受以免受 _2.很可能很可能；有希望；有希望 _3.总总的来的来说说；通常；通常 _4.舒适；快活；自由自在舒适；快活；自由自在 _5.丢脸丢脸 _6.背背对对 _7.in defence _8.on the contrary _9.be nervous about _10.in most cases _defend a
9、gainstbe likely toin generalat easelose faceturn ones back to防御防御,保障保障相反相反对对感到感到紧张紧张在大多数情况下在大多数情况下.句型透句型透视视1.动词动词不定式作后置定不定式作后置定语语_(第第一一个个到到达达的的人人)was Tony Garcia from Colombia,closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.2.not all.表部分否定表部分否定_(各各种种文文化化背背景景下下的的人人互互致致问问候候的的方方式式不不尽尽相相同同),nor are they co
10、mfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people.The first person to arriveNot all cultures greet each other the same way3.v.-ing作主作主语语_(把把手手握握紧紧,朝朝着着别别人人晃晃拳拳头头几几乎乎总总是是意意味味着着)that someone is angry and threatening another person.4.it作形式主作形式主语语We can often be wrong about each other,s
11、o _ _(这这真真是是件件令令人人惊惊奇奇的的事事)we understand each other as well as we do!Making a fist and shaking it almost always meansit is an amazingthing that.语语篇完形篇完形 Not all cultures 1._ each other the same way.Eachcountry may have its own way to 2._ feelings.InBritain,people may keep a 3._ distance.In Japan,the
12、ymay 4._ to each other when they meet.In France,people5._ hands and kiss each other twice on each 6._.And in South American countries,they may stand 7._and touch each other.But in Middle East Muslim countries,they shake hands only with men,not with women.In 8._greetexpresscertainbowshakecheekcloseCh
13、inatoday,people may shake hands with each other,sometimes they greet each other only with a 9._.Perhaps they will kiss or embrace in the future to express their strong 10._.smilefeelings1.选选用框中用框中词汇词汇的适当形式完成句子的适当形式完成句子greet,represent,defend,ease,function(1)The large sofa also _ as a bed when we have
14、 guests.(2)Mr.Zhang will attend the important trade conference in London,_ the Global Company.functionsrepresenting(3)His news was _ with shouts of joy.(4)He succeeded in _ his position in the company,making his wife very glad.(5)It would _ my mind to know that my daughter did well in her new job.gr
15、eeteddefendingease2.选选用句型透用句型透视视中的句式仿写句子中的句式仿写句子(1)他他总总是第一个来最后一个离开。是第一个来最后一个离开。He is always the first to come and the last to leave.(2)在我在我们们班并非每个学生都来自中国。班并非每个学生都来自中国。Not every student in our class is from China.(3)令人惊奇的是我令人惊奇的是我们发现们发现了了这这些恒星。些恒星。It is amazing that we have found these stars.核核心心考考点点
16、curious3年年1考考approach3年年1考考likely3年年3考考in general3年年1考考case短短语语3年年8考考1.represent vt.代表；象征；代表；象征；(向人向人)说说明明represent.as.把把描描绘绘成成represent sb.as/to be 宣称某人宣称某人为为represent sth.to sb.向某人向某人说说明明/传传达某事达某事represent oneself as 自称自称(2012安安徽徽高高考考)To the Egyptians,green was a color that represented the hope an
17、d joy of spring.对对于埃及人来于埃及人来说说,绿绿色象征着春天的希望和快色象征着春天的希望和快乐乐。The President was represented at the ceremony by the Vice-President.副副总统总统代表代表总统总统出席了出席了这这次次庆庆典。典。He _ _ _ a friend of the President.他自称是他自称是总统总统的朋友。的朋友。You must _ _ _ _ _.你必你必须须告告诉诉他他们们危危险险所在。所在。【熟熟词词生生义义】读读句子猜含句子猜含义义This picture represents
18、a storm at sea.()represents himself asrepresent the danger to them描描绘绘2.curious adj.好奇的好奇的(1)be curious about 对对感到好奇感到好奇be curious to do sth.渴望做某事渴望做某事(2)from/out of curiosity 出于好奇出于好奇meet/satisfy ones curiosity 满满足某人的好奇心足某人的好奇心with curiositycuriously 好奇地好奇地They _ _ _ _ the people who lived upstairs
19、.他他们对们对住在楼上的人感到很好奇。住在楼上的人感到很好奇。Im curious to know what has happened to him.我极想知道他我极想知道他发发生了什么事。生了什么事。The boy opened the case out of curiosity.出于好奇出于好奇,那个男孩打开了那个箱子。那个男孩打开了那个箱子。wereverycuriousabout【高考高考链链接接】(2010天天津津高高考考)People have always been _ about exactly how life on earth began.A.curious B.excit
20、ed C.anxious D.careful【解解析析】选选A。句句意意：人人们们一一直直想想知知道道地地球球上上的的生生命命是是怎怎样样开开始始的的。curious好好奇奇的的,be curious about 是是固固定定短短语语,意意思思是是对对某某事事好好奇奇,想想知知道道。excited激激动动的的,兴兴奋奋的的。be anxious about 担担心心,由由于于某某事事或或人人感感到到不不安安。careful小小心心的的,仔仔细细的的。根根据据句意选句意选A。3.approach vt.&vi.接近；靠近；走近接近；靠近；走近 n.接近；方法；途径接近；方法；途径(1)appro
21、ach sb.on/about sth.关于某事与某人商量关于某事与某人商量/交涉交涉.be approaching 快到的快到的时时候候approach to 接近接近,近似近似,约约等于；等于；(做某事做某事 的的)方法方法/途径途径(2)at the approach of 在在快到的快到的时时候候make approaches to sb.与某人打交道与某人打交道I appreciate Mr Wangs _ _ _ teaching.我很欣我很欣赏赏王老王老师师新的教学方法。新的教学方法。The snow melted away _ _ _ _ noon.快到中午快到中午时时,雪融化
22、了。雪融化了。The approach of winter brings cold weather.冬天的来冬天的来临带临带来了寒冷的空气。来了寒冷的空气。The time for graduation is approaching.毕业毕业的日子即将来的日子即将来临临。new approach toat the approach of【高考高考链链接接】(2010上上海海高高考考)_ the city centre,we saw a stone statue of about 10 metres in height.A.Approaching B.ApproachedC.To approac
23、h D.To be approached【解解析析】选选A。句句意意：靠靠近近城城市市中中心心时时,我我们们看看见见一一座座大大约约10米米高高的的雕雕像像。逻逻辑辑主主语语we与与approach之之间间是是主主动动关关系系,且且approach与与saw几几乎乎同同时时发发生生,故故选选A。由由于于we与与approach之之间间是是主主动动关关系系,故故排排除除B、D两两项项,而而to approach表表示示目目的的,“为了接近为了接近”,与后句相矛盾与后句相矛盾,故排除故排除C项。项。【想想一一想想】approach,way,method和和means都都可可表表示示“方方法法”,你
24、能你能说说出它出它们们在使用在使用时时的区的区别吗别吗？【参考答案参考答案】approach指指从从事事某某事事的的特特别别方方法法、途途径径。除除了了意意为为“方方法法”之之外外,还还有有“接接近近”的的意意思思。an approach to(介介词词)“的方法的方法”。way普普通通用用词词,可可指指一一般般的的方方法法,有有时时也也指指个个人人的的方方法法或或方方式式,也也可可指指特特殊殊的的方方法法或或方方式式。构构成成in the way,意意为为“用用这这种种方方法法”和和the way to do/the way of doing(to为为不不定定式式),意意为为“做某事的方法做
25、某事的方法”。method指指有有系系统统、有有条条理理地地办办事事或或解解决决问问题题的的方方法法。构构成成with a method,意为意为“用一种方法用一种方法”。means指指为为达达到到某某种种目目的的或或目目标标而而采采用用的的方方法法、手手段段或或途途径径,意意为为“方方式式,方方法法”。单单复复数数同同形形,构构成成by means of,意意为为“通过通过的方法的方法”。4.likely adj.可能的；可能的；预预期的期的 adv.(probably)或或许许,很可能很可能unlikely adj.不大可能不大可能发发生的生的be likely/unlikely to.很
26、可能很可能/不可能不可能；有有/没有希望没有希望It is likelythat从句从句 很有可能很有可能She is the most likely student to win the prize.她是最有希望得她是最有希望得奖奖的学生。的学生。_be very busy tomorrow.=_I will be very busy tomorrow.明天我可能很忙。明天我可能很忙。(2012新新课课标标全全国国卷卷)He _ _ soon _ _ almost everything he learned.他极有可能很快就忘掉他所学的几乎所有的他极有可能很快就忘掉他所学的几乎所有的东东西。
27、西。Im likely toIt is likely thatislikelyto forget【辨析辨析】理解下列区理解下列区别别并并选词选词填空填空probableprobable在三者中可能性最在三者中可能性最强强,主要主要强强调调有根有据、有根有据、合情合理的推合情合理的推测测,含有含有“很有可能很有可能,十有八九十有八九”的意思。的意思。构成构成It is probable that.结结构。作表构。作表语时语时,主主语语不不能是人或能是人或动词动词不定式不定式likelylikely是常用是常用词词,指从表面上看很有可能。主指从表面上看很有可能。主语语既可既可以是人也可以是物。可以
28、以是人也可以是物。可以说说sb./sth.be likely to do或或Its likely that.,但是不可以但是不可以说说 It is likely for sb.to dopossible强强调调客客观观上上有有可可能能,但但含含有有实实际际上上可可能能性性很很小小的的意意思思。主主语语不不可可以以是是人人,只只能能用用it作作形形式式主主语语。构构成成It is possible for sb.to do sth.或或It is possible that.It is _ that it will rain,but with such a blue sky it doesnt
29、seem _.Without honest analysis they are not _ to improve the situation.possibleprobablelikely【助助记记】不同大小的不同大小的“可能可能”【高考高考链链接接】(2010陕陕西西高高考考)Studies show that people are more _ to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours.A.likely B.possibleC.probable D.sure【解
30、解析析】选选A。likely作作表表语语时时,主主语语既既可可以以是是人人,也也可可以以是是物物或或it,而而possible,probable作作表表语语时时,主主语语一一般般不不能能是是人人。所所以以可可排排除除B、C两两项项。sb.be sure to do sth.某某人人一一定定会会做做某某事事,在语气上太绝对在语气上太绝对,不符合句意不符合句意,可排除。可排除。5.in general 总总的来的来说说；通常；通常(1)generally adv.一般地；通常地一般地；通常地generally speaking 通常来通常来说说；总总的来的来说说(2)on the whole 总总
31、的来的来说说as a whole 就整体来看就整体来看in a word 总总之之in short 简简言之言之,总总之之to put it simply 简单简单地地说说In general/Generally speaking,people dont like to be made fun of.通常来通常来说说,人人们们都不喜都不喜欢欢被捉弄。被捉弄。How do people _ _ look on her?人人们们一般一般对对她怎么看？她怎么看？(2012全全国国卷卷)For example,in American culture the smile is _ _ an expres
32、sion of pleasure.比如在美国文化中比如在美国文化中,微笑通常是愉悦的表微笑通常是愉悦的表现现。in generalin general【高考高考链链接接】(2011江江苏苏高高考考)Wed better discuss everything _ before we work out the plan.A.in detail B.in generalC.on purpose D.on time【解解析析】选选A。考考查查介介词词短短语语辨辨析析。句句意意：我我们们最最好好在在制制订订计计划划之之前前详详细细地地讨讨论论一一切切事事情情。in detail详详细细地地；in gen
33、eral一一般般来说来说,大体上；大体上；on purpose故意地；故意地；on time按时。按时。6.at ease 舒适；快活；自由自在舒适；快活；自由自在with ease 容易地容易地,不不费劲费劲地地put/set sb.at(ones)ease 使某人感到放松使某人感到放松/轻轻松自在松自在feel/look at ease 感到感到/看上去心情放松看上去心情放松ease sb.s mind 使某人安心使某人安心stand at ease 稍息稍息His mind was at ease and he felt confident in the future.他心情舒他心情舒畅
34、畅,对对前途很有信心。前途很有信心。They are expected to win the election _ _.预计预计他他们们在在竞选竞选中能中能够轻够轻易易获胜获胜。I dont _ _ _ in the strange place.在陌生的地方我在陌生的地方我觉觉得很不自在。得很不自在。with easefeel at ease【辨析辨析】理解下列区理解下列区别别并并选择选择短短语语填空填空意思意思使用使用场场合合at ease(feeling confident or relaxed)安安逸地、安心地、自在地逸地、安心地、自在地,其反其反义义短短语为语为ill at ease既
35、可作表既可作表语语,亦可作状亦可作状语语with ease(easily or without difficulty)轻轻松地、容易地松地、容易地只能作状只能作状语语The old couple are now quite _ as their son is out of danger.Every day their sons team marched twenty miles _.at easewith ease7.lose face 丢脸丢脸save(ones)face 挽回面子挽回面子face to face 面面对对面；直接交流面；直接交流in face of 面面对对,在在前面前面H
36、e said that he would never do it,because to do so would be to lose face.他他说说他永他永远远不会不会这样这样做做,因因为这样为这样做会很做会很丢脸丢脸。Even if theyve often talked to each other on the telephone,theyve never met each other face to face.虽虽然他然他们经们经常在常在电话电话上上谈话谈话,但从来没有但从来没有见过见过面。面。【拓展拓展】补补全下列全下列lose构成的短构成的短语语lose _ 泄气；灰心泄气；灰心
37、lose ones _ _ 爱爱上；上；钟钟情于情于lose ones _ 发发脾气脾气lose _ 减肥减肥lose ones _ 迷路迷路lose _ of 看不看不见见heartheart totemperweightwaysight8.turn ones back to 背背对对on ones back 仰卧着；卧病在床仰卧着；卧病在床put ones back into 全力以赴全力以赴turn ones back on sb.拒拒绝绝帮助帮助别别人；人；对对掉掉头头不不顾顾,轻视轻视；背弃；背弃If we really put our back into the job,we ca
38、n finish it today.如果我如果我们们全力以赴全力以赴,今天就可以干完今天就可以干完这项这项工作。工作。Dont _ _ _ _ him when you speak to someone.当与人交当与人交谈时谈时,不要背不要背对对着他。着他。turn your back to【拓展拓展】补补全下列全下列turn 构成的短构成的短语语turn _ 出出现现；开大；开大turn _ 把把(音量等音量等)调调低低,关小；拒关小；拒绝绝(某人某人)turn _ 交出交出,上交上交turn _ 变变成成turn _ 打开打开(电电灯、灯、电视电视等等)turn _ 关掉关掉turn._
39、把把翻翻过过来来turn _ 向向(某某人人)求求助助,依依赖赖(书书等等)；翻翻到到(书书的的某某页页)updowninintoonoffoverto9.in most cases 在大多数情况下；在大多数在大多数情况下；在大多数场场合下合下in any case 无无论论如何如何,总总之之in case of 以防以防in that case 如果那如果那样样的的话话in no case在任何情况下都不在任何情况下都不(置于句首置于句首时时,通常倒装通常倒装)in case既既可可表表示示条条件件也也可可表表示示目目的的,意意思思是是“万万一一,如如果果；以以防防”,引引导导条件状条件状语
40、语从句和目的状从句和目的状语语从句。从句。_ _ _,he would be on time for everything.在大多数情况下在大多数情况下,他做什么事都很准他做什么事都很准时时。_ _ _,youll have to be at the station by 8:00 am.无无论论如何如何,你必你必须须在早上在早上8点前到达点前到达车车站。站。Take an umbrella _ _ it rains.=Take an umbrella _ _ _ rain.带带把雨把雨伞伞以防下雨。以防下雨。In most casesIn any casein casein case ofT
41、omorrow it may rain.In that case,we wont go out for play.明天可能下雨。如果那明天可能下雨。如果那样样的的话话,我我们们就不出去玩了。就不出去玩了。In no case are you to leave your post.无无论论如何你都不能擅离如何你都不能擅离职职守。守。【高考高考链链接接】(2011山山东东高高考考)He had his camera ready _ he saw something that would make a good picture.A.even if B.if onlyC.in case D.so th
42、at【解解析析】选选C。考考查查连连词词辨辨析析。句句意意：他他准准备备好好了了相相机机,以以防防看看见见能能拍拍成成一一张张好好照照片片的的东东西西。所所以以选选in case以以防防,万万一一。even if 即使；即使；if only要是要是就好了；就好了；so that结果结果。10.The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia,closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.第第一一个个到到达达的的是是从从哥哥伦伦比比亚亚来来的的托托尼尼加加西西亚亚,随随后后紧紧跟跟着着的的
43、是是英国的朱莉英国的朱莉娅娅史密斯。史密斯。to arrive是是不不定定式式作作后后置置定定语语。当当中中心心词词是是序序数数词词或或被被序序数数词词或形容或形容词词最高最高级级限定限定时时,常用不定式作后置定常用不定式作后置定语语。Liu Yang is the first woman in China to wander in space.刘洋是中国第一位在太空遨游的女士。刘洋是中国第一位在太空遨游的女士。He was the first person _ _ _ _ _ in a hot-air balloon.他是第一个乘坐他是第一个乘坐热热气球气球环环球旅行的人。球旅行的人。The
44、 last one _ _ pays the meal.Agreed!最后一个到的最后一个到的请请客。客。同意！同意！to travel around the worldto arrive【点点津津】作作定定语语的的不不定定式式如如果果是是不不及及物物动动词词,或或者者不不定定式式所所修修饰饰的的名名词词或或代代词词是是不不定定式式动动作作的的地地点点、工工具具,不不定定式式后后面面须须加加相相应应的介的介词词。例如：。例如：She is looking for a room to live in.她在她在寻寻找一找一间间房子住。房子住。Not all cultures greet each
45、other the same way,nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people.各各种种文文化化背背景景下下的的人人互互致致问问候候的的方方式式不不尽尽相相同同,身身体体接接触触和和相相互互间间距离的程度也不一距离的程度也不一样样。(1)这这个个句句子子是是由由一一个个中中心心词词组组not.nor.连连接接起起来来的的,意意为为“既不既不也不也不”。后半句采用了部分倒装形式。后半句采用了部分倒装形式。(2)“Nor/Neither+系系动动词词/助助动动词词/情情态态动动
46、词词+主主语语”,表表示示“也也不不”。当当前前面面的的句句子子用用否否定定,后后面面的的句句子子表表示示“也也不不”时时,运运用用此此句型。句型。(3)表达表达“也是如此也是如此”还还有以下几种常有以下几种常见见句型：句型：So+助助动动词词+主主语语构构成成的的倒倒装装结结构构,用用于于肯肯定定句句中中。当当前前面面的的句句子子的的谓谓语语动动词词有有多多个个,并并且且不不一一类类,或或有有的的用用肯肯定定有有的的用用否否定定时时,多用多用“So it is with.或或It is the same with.”结结构。构。If she doesnt go to the park,_ _
47、 _.如果她不去公园如果她不去公园,我也不去。我也不去。Tom likes sports and games._ _ _ _.汤汤姆喜姆喜欢欢体育运体育运动动和游和游戏戏。他的弟弟也是如此。他的弟弟也是如此。Tom studies very hard and is never late for school.So it is with Dick.汤汤姆学姆学习习非常努力非常努力,上学从不上学从不迟迟到。迪克也是如此。到。迪克也是如此。nor will ISo does his brotherMy brother doesnt like watching TV but he enjoys pla
48、ying football.我哥哥不喜我哥哥不喜欢欢看看电视电视,但他喜但他喜欢欢踢足球。踢足球。So it is with my brother.我哥哥也一我哥哥也一样样。.单单句改句改错错1.Dont look away at me when Im speaking to you.at 改改为为from2.I never feel completely with ease with him.第一个第一个with改为改为at3.Shes very possible to ring me tonight.possible改为改为 likely4.Dont hit him in his face
49、.his 改改为为the5.A desert is a great plain which nothing will grow.which前加前加in6.Please listen close to the following instructions.close改为改为 closely7.She was the first woman winning the gold medal in the Olympic Games.winning改为改为to win8.At the press conference Yao Ming announced a personal decision,ende
50、d his career as a basketball player.ended 改改为为ending9.You should represent your complaints on the management.on 改为改为to10.At the meeting they discussed three different approaches of the study of mathematics.第一个第一个of改为改为 to.完成句子完成句子1.He handed her a cup of coffee _(让让她放松她放松).2.The train _(很可能晚点很可能晚点).