《高考英语二轮复习课件:专题5-介词与介词短语(34页).ppt》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《高考英语二轮复习课件:专题5-介词与介词短语(34页).ppt(34页珍藏版)》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、专题五介词与介词短语专题导读真题典例新题预测返回目录专题五介词与介词短语介词和介词短语也是高考的一个必考点,每年都保持在一至两道题目,命题形式包括单项填空、完形填空、语法填空和短文改错。其考点主要涉及常用介词的用法,介词与动词、名词、形容词等的常见搭配,介词在特定语境中的选用和介词短语的用法等。掌握介词必须要立足基本用法,广泛记忆,细心体会、比较。学习时应注意如下几点:1区分意义相同或相近,但使用范围不同的介词,如:in,on,at,for,to,by,after,before,about,over,above,with,without,under,beyond,through,through
2、out,against,among,between,besides,except等。返回目录专题导读2归纳介词与名词、形容词和动词的各种搭配形式,如:与to搭配的有key,answer,visit,apology,introduction等;与in搭配的有interest,satisfaction,expert等;与on搭配的有mercy,congratulation,effect,influence等;与其他介词搭配的有prize for,respect for,victory over,struggle with等。返回目录专题五介词与介词短语专题导读3不同介词与名词、形容词搭配后的词义辨
3、析,如:“in名词”(in charge 主管,掌管,看管);“in名词介词”(in consequence of 由于,因为的缘故);“on名词”(on guard在值勤);“at名词”(at length详细地,长时间);“beyond名词”(beyond description难以形容);“out of名词”(out of patience不耐烦);“under名词”(under construction在建设中)等。2015年对介词和介词短语词义辨析的考查依然是考试的重点。返回目录专题五介词与介词短语专题导读返回目录专题五介词与介词短语真题典例12014北京卷 Jane is in a
4、 hurry because the train to the airport leaves _ half an hour.Aby Bin Cfor Duntil解析 B考查介词的用法。表示某段时间后将发生某事,一般用介词in。所以选B。返回目录专题五介词与介词短语真题典例22014全国大纲卷 September 30 is the day _ which you must pay your bill.Aby Bfor Cwith Din解析 A考查介词的用法。句意:9月30日是你必须付账单的最后期限。此处by意为“截止到日期”。根据句意可知选A。返回目录专题五介词与介词短语真题典例32014
5、江西卷 It is unbelievable that Mr Lucas leads a simple life _ his great wealth.Awithout Bdespite Cin Dto解析 B考查介词的用法。句意:尽管Lucas先生有大量的财富,但是他过着简单的生活,这让人难以置信。根据a simple life以及his great wealth可知此处表转折。返回目录专题五介词与介词短语真题典例42014陕西卷 The Scottish girl _ blue eyes won the first prize in the Fifth Chinese Speech Con
6、test.Aby Bof Cin Dwith解析 D考查介词的用法。句意:在第五届汉语演讲比赛中,那位蓝眼睛的苏格兰女孩赢得了第一名。所填词的意思是“有”,用with,故选D。返回目录专题五介词与介词短语真题典例52014重庆卷 She drove so fast at the turn that the car almost went _ the road.Aon Balong Cfrom Doff解析 D考查介词的用法。句意:她开车开得太快,以至于在拐弯处差点开下了公路。此处off表示“离开,偏离”。返回目录专题五介词与介词短语真题典例62014福建卷 Our club is open t
7、o everyone _ age,sex or educational background.Adue to Bexcept forCalong with Dregardless of解析 D考查介词短语辨析。句意:我们的俱乐部对每个人开放,不考虑年龄、性别和教育背景。(be)due to由于,因为,到期限;except for除了;along with和,一起;regardless of无论,不管,不考虑。根据句意可知选择D项。返回目录专题五介词与介词短语真题典例72014江苏卷 Tom always goes jogging in the morning and he usually do
8、es pushups too to stay _.Ain place Bin orderCin shape Din fashion解析 C考查介词短语辨析。句意:汤姆总是在早晨慢跑,并且他也经常做俯卧撑来保持体形。in place在合适的位置上;in order按顺序,秩序井然;in shape在外形上,在形状上;in fashion流行。根据语境可知汤姆锻炼的目的是为了保持健康,故C正确。返回目录专题五介词与介词短语真题典例82014浙江卷 While staying in the village,James unselfishly shared whatever he had with t
9、he villagers without asking for anything _.Ain return Bin commonCin turn Din place解析 A考查介词短语辨析。句意:在村子里生活期间,詹姆斯非常无私地与村民们分享了他所有的一切,而不求回报。根据句意知,空格处表示“作为回报”,所以用in return。in common共同;in turn反过来,反之;in place恰当,在适当的位置。故选A项。返回目录专题五介词与介词短语真题典例92014天津卷 _ the school,the village has a clinic,which was also built
10、 with government support.AIn reply to BIn addition toCIn charge of DIn place of解析 B考查介词短语辨析。in reply to 答复;in addition to 除之外,也,和;in charge of 负责;in place of代替,取代。句意:除了学校,村庄还有一个诊所,也是在政府的资助下建起来的。返回目录专题五介词与介词短语真题典例102014江西卷 Starting your own business could be a way to achieving financial independence.
11、_,it could just put you in debt.AIn other words BAll in allCAs a result DOn the other hand解析 D考查介词短语辨析。句意:开始你自己的事业是一种获得经济独立的方法。可另一方面,它可能让你处于债务之中。in other words换句话说;all in all总之;as a result结果;on the other hand另一方面。返回目录专题五介词与介词短语新题预测1We need to prevent pollution_ driving cars less and developing renew
12、able energy.Aby Bfrom Cwith Dagainst解析 A考查介词的用法。句意:我们需要通过少开车和研发可再生能源来防止污染。by通过,由,按照;from来自;with有,随着;against反对。by doing表示利用某种方法或手段,故选A项。返回目录专题五介词与介词短语新题预测 2There was an excited expression _ his face when he heard the good news.Aof Bon Cat Dover解析 B考查介词的用法。句意:当他听到这个好消息时,他的脸上洋溢着兴奋的表情。on在上(有接触);over在上方(
13、不接触)。an expression on ones face脸上的表情。故选B项。返回目录专题五介词与介词短语新题预测3What a beautiful dress Jane is wearing!But it doesnt look good _ her skin.Aon Bin Cagainst Dalongside解析 C考查介词的用法。句意:“简穿的裙子多么漂亮啊!”“但是看起来不是太衬她的皮肤。”on在上;in在里面;against对着,反对,与相对照;alongside在 旁边。against ones skin与皮肤对照。故选C项。it looks good on sb/sb
14、looks good in it某人穿衣服好看。返回目录专题五介词与介词短语新题预测4There are solid reasons for China to claim ownership of the Tiaoyu Tao,which lies about 200 miles_the eastern coast of our country.Ato Bon Coff Dof解析 C考查介词的用法。句意:中国完全有理由宣布对离我国东海岸200英里的钓鱼岛拥有主权。to表示“在范围以外”;on表示“接壤,在海岸上”;off表示“在沿岸(在水域中)”;of表示从属关系。根据语境可知C项正确。返回
15、目录专题五介词与介词短语新题预测5Four teams of three people would compete _ the game and the winners would receive a free vacation.Ain Bagainst Cfor Dwith解析 A考查介词的用法。句意:四个三人组的小队将要在这次比赛中进行角逐,获胜者将获得免费的假期。compete in参加比赛;compete against与竞争;compete for为比赛;compete with与竞争。根据语境可知A项正确。返回目录专题五介词与介词短语新题预测6Heavy smog blankets
16、 Beijing._,the city starts using its new smog warning system.AIn turn BIn time CIn response DIn return解析 C考查介词短语辨析。句意:浓雾覆盖着北京。作为应对,这座城市开始使用其新的烟雾报警系统。in turn轮流,依次;in time及时,迟早;in response作为应对;in return作为报答。根据句意可知C项正确。返回目录专题五介词与介词短语新题预测7People in these countries demand equal treatment for all,_race,re
17、ligion or sex.Ain defence of Bregardless of Cinstead of Din support of解析 B考查介词短语辨析。句意:这些国家的人们要求平等对待所有人,不论种族、宗教和性别。in defence of为 辩护;regardless of不论,不管;instead of代替,而不是;in support of支持。根据句意可知B项正确。返回目录专题五介词与介词短语新题预测8I was surprised to see wild flowers in Alaska.Many people think there is nothing_ice a
18、nd snow.Aexcept for Brather than Capart from Dregardless of解析 C考查介词短语辨析。句意:“我很惊讶能在阿拉斯加看见野花。”“很多人都认为那里除了冰雪什么也没有。”except for除了(不包含);rather than而非,而不是;regardless of不管,不顾。apart from 表示“除 之外”,根据上下文的不同,其用法既可以与besides相同,也可以与except 和 except for相同,此处相当于besides。故选C项。返回目录专题五介词与介词短语新题预测9They did everything in t
19、heir power to save the building dating back to the Qing Dynasty,but their efforts were _.Ain turn Bin time Cin vain Din need解析 C考查介词短语辨析。句意:他们尽自己的一切努力去挽救可追溯到清朝的建筑,但是他们的努力都是徒劳的。in turn轮流;in time及时,最终;in vain徒劳;in need需要。根据句意可知C项正确。返回目录专题五介词与介词短语新题预测10Id like Johnson to take the job.He is_.Better not
20、add to his workload.Aout of place Bout of order Cout of shape Dout of question解析 C考查介词短语辨析。句意:“我希望约翰逊接受这份工作。”“他身体不好,最好不要增加他的工作负担了。”out of place在不适当的位置,不合适,不协调;out of order出故障;out of shape走形,不健康,身体状况不佳;out of question没问题。根据句意可知C项正确。返回目录教师备用习题1Have our travel plans been decided?No,still _.Aout of orde
21、r Bup in the air Cin that case Din the way解析 B考查介词短语辨析。句意:“我们的旅行计划定下来了吗?”“没有,还没有定下来。”out of order发生故障;up in the air悬而未定;in that case既然那样;in the way挡路,妨碍。根据句意可知B项正确。返回目录教师备用习题2What shall we prepare for our picnic this weekend?Well,lets discuss it _ lunch.Aat Bwith Cover Dby解析 C考查介词词义辨析。句意:“我们将为这个周末的野
22、餐准备些什么?”“哦,咱们在午饭期间讨论这件事。”at在(某时刻);with用(某种有形的工具);over在期间;by后接交通工具。故选C项。返回目录教师备用习题3Based on a true story,the film shows a hero racing _ time to get back the stolen papers.Abehind Bagainst Cabout Dat解析 B考查介词。句意:以一个真实的故事为基础,这部电影展示了一个与时间赛跑拿回了被偷走的论文的英雄的故事。race against time是习语,表示“和时间赛跑”。返回目录教师备用习题4We need
23、 to prevent air pollution _ redcing wasfe from the medical factory.Aby Bfrom Cwith Dagainst解析 A考查介词。句意:我们需要通过减少化工厂的废物来防止空气污染。“bydoing”表示方式或手段,故选A项。此题很容易受固定搭配的影响而误选B项,即preventfrom doing阻止以免。返回目录教师备用习题5The system can actually warn us_when our behaviour might lead to a negative outcome so that we can a
24、void making mistakes.Ain turn Bin place Cin time Din store解析 C考查介词短语辨析。句意:当我们的行为可能会导致消极的结果时,这个系统实际上能及时提醒我们,这样的话我们就能避免犯错误了。in turn依次,轮流,相应地,转而;in place在对的位置,准备妥当;in time迟早,最后,及时;in store贮藏着,将要发生,就要出现。根据句意可知C项正确。返回目录教师备用习题6Every summer,many tourists come to this island _ the coast of France to cool th
25、emselves.Aon Balong Coff Dat解析 C考查介词。句意:每年夏天,许多游客来到这个法国海岸的岛上来避暑。on在之上;along沿着;off离开,脱离;at在(表示存在或出现的地点、场所、位置、空间),以(某种价格、速度等)。off the coast意为“离开海岸”,故选C项。返回目录教师备用习题7According to the agreement you shall get preferred shares accounting for 8%of the whole income _ for your investment.Ain return Bin turn C
26、after all Dabove all解析 A考查介词短语辨析。句意:根据协议,作为你的投资的回报,你应该得到总收入8%比例份额的优先股。in return作为回报;in turn依次,轮流,转而;after all毕竟,终归;above all首要的是,尤其,最重要的是。根据句意可知A项正确。返回目录教师备用习题8More consumers are waiting for the further drop of housing prices with money in their hands _ buying houses,according to a report.Ano better
27、 than Blittle more than Cother than Drather than解析 D考查副词短语辨析。句意:根据一份报告,更多的消费者是持币在手而不是买房,等待房价进一步下跌。no better than和一样不好;little more than只不过;other than除了;rather than而不是。根据句意可知D项正确。返回目录教师备用习题9The Tshirt costs me 35 yuan,which is really a bargain,because it is_.Aon show Bon sale Cin store Din advance解析 B
28、考查介词短语辨析。句意:这件T恤花了我35元,真是太便宜了,因为它在打折。on show展览着,在公开展出;on sale廉价出售,贱价抛售;in store贮藏着,准备着,将要发生;in advance预先,提前。根据句意可知B项正确。返回目录教师备用习题10A special title was awarded to Zhang Lili,an ordinary Chinese teacher,_ her act of bravery to rescue two students at the risk of her own life.Ain favour of Bin place of Cin honour of Din terms of解析 C考查介词短语辨析。句意:为了对冒着自己的生命危险去救助两名学生的勇敢行为表示敬意,一个特殊称号被授予给这位平凡的中国教师张丽莉。in favour of支持,赞成;in place of代替,取代;in honour of为了向表示敬意,为了纪念;in terms of根据,就而言。根据句意可知C项正确。