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1、语法专题四形容词和副词-2-高考感悟 考点归纳1.(2016 全国甲,语法填空)If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work,you should take a step back and identify(识别)those of(great)and less importance.2.(2016 全国乙,语法填空)The title will be(official)given to me at a ceremony in London.1.greater根据后面and less importance 可知此处要用比较级形式,故用great
2、er。2.officially修饰谓语will be given,应该用副词形式。officially“正式地,官方地”。-3-高考感悟 考点归纳3.(2016 全国丙,语法填空)Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which(gradual)turned into chopsticks.4.(2016 四川,语法填空)Chinese scientists(recent)had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby.3.gradually动词短语
3、turned into 应该用副词修饰。gradual 是形容词,其副词形式为gradually。4.recently句意:中国科学家最近有机会研究野外的有新生儿的熊猫妈妈。“最近”为整个句子的时间状语,故用recent 的副词形式recently。-4-高考感悟 考点归纳5.(2016 四川,语法填空)She was a very(care)mother.6.(2015 课标全国,语法填空)Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat(slow)during cool
4、nights,thus warming the house.5.caring/careful由下文内容可知,熊猫妈妈非常“认真(careful)”或者“会关爱他人(caring)”,用形容词做定语。6.slowly由空前的give out that heat 可知,此处应用slow 的副词形式,来修饰前面的动作give out。-5-高考感悟 考点归纳7.(2014 课标全国,语法填空)The river was so polluted that it(actual)caught fire and burned.8.(2014 课标全国,语法填空)Finally,that hard work
5、paid off and now the water in the river is(clean)than ever.7.actually这里应该用副词来修饰动词caught,actual 是形容词,故此处应用副词,actually“实际上”。8.cleaner现在河里的水比以前更清了。根据后面的比较连词than可知,这里应该用比较级,故用cleaner。-6-高考感悟 考点归纳9.(2014 课标全国,语法填空)Just be(patience).10.(2014 课标全国,语法填空)Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy h
6、ad done,and the crowd of strangers(sudden)became friendly to one another.9.patientpatience“耐心”是名词;因为空格前有系动词be,所以这里应该用形容词patient。10.suddenly根据空后的became 可知,此处应用副词来修饰,故应用suddenly。-7-高考感悟 考点归纳 一 三 二 四 五1.形容词和副词比较级和最高级的构成规则规则变化-8-高考感悟 考点归纳 一 三 二 四 五-9-高考感悟 考点归纳 一 三 二 四 五-10-高考感悟 考点归纳 一 三 二 四 五特别提醒有少数几个双音
7、节形容词,既可以加-er 和-est,又可以加more 和most 构成比较级和最高级。这些双音节词是:common,handsome,quiet,wicked,pleasant,cruel,stupid,tired 和以-ow,-er 结尾的词。有些形容词没有程度可分或形容词本身就表示某种程度,因此没有比较级和最高级。这类形容词有:right(正确的),wrong(错误的),excellent(优秀的),possible(可能的),empty(空的)等。-11-高考感悟 考点归纳 一 三 二 四 五不规则变化-12-高考感悟 考点归纳 一 三 二 四 五2.两者相比用“比较级+than”表示
8、。如:Robert jumps much higher than any of the others.罗伯特跳得比其他任何人都高很多。While finding information is easier than ever,at the same time,researching has become mor e complex.尽管找信息比以往容易了,然而,研究却变得更加复杂。3.比较级的修饰语常见的有:rather,much,still,even,far,any(用于否定句或疑问句),a lot,a little,a great deal,by far,a bit等。如:Tony can
9、 hardly boil an egg,still less cook dinner.托尼几乎连个鸡蛋也不会煮,更不用说做饭了。I feel much better today.今天我感觉好多了。-13-高考感悟 考点归纳 一 三 二 四 五4.“the+比较级.,the+比较级.”表示“越,就越”。如:The longer you stay home,the better(it will be).你在家待的时间越长越好。5.“the+比较级+of the two+名词”表示“两者中较的那个”。The taller of the two boys is my cousin.两个男孩中个子高的那
10、个是我表哥。6.“a+形容词比较级+名词”表示“一个更的”。It may not be a great suggestion.But before a better one is put forward,well make do with it.这可能不是一个很好的建议,但是在一个更好的建议被提出来之前,我们还是设法应付一下。-14-高考感悟 考点归纳 一 三 二 四 五7.“比较级+and+比较级”的结构,表示“越来越”。The girl becomes mor e and mor e beautiful.那个女孩变得越来越漂亮。8.“no+比较级+than”表示“和一样不”。He is n
11、o taller than his brother.他和他哥哥一样矮。9.more.than.表示一个人两种品质的比较,意为“与其倒不如”。He is mor e shy than unfriendly.与其说他不友善,还不如说他腼腆。10.某些以-ior结尾的形容词,与to搭配。如:junior,senior,superior等。The book is superior to that one I just finished reading.这本书比我刚读完的那本书好。-15-高考感悟 考点归纳 一 三 二 四 五1.三者或者三者以上的比较用最高级,表示最高级的词前要用定冠词the。最高级的
12、修饰语常见的有:序数词,by far,nearly,almost,by no means,not really,not quite等。Andy is content with the toy.It is the best he has ever got.安迪对这个玩具很满意。这是他曾经收到的最好的玩具了。This is by far the most inspiring movie that I have ever seen.这是迄今为止我看过的最鼓舞人心的一部电影。-16-高考感悟 考点归纳 一 三 二 四 五2.“否定词+比较级”表示最高级意义。What do you think of y
13、our new iPad?你觉得你的新平板电脑怎么样?Good.I dont think I can find a better one.很好。我想这是我能买到的最好的平板电脑了。3.“比较级+than any other+单数名词”表示最高级意义,意思为“比其他任何都”。He is taller than any other boy in his class.他比他班里其他任何男孩都高。-17-高考感悟 考点归纳 一 三 二 四 五表示双方在程度、性质、特征等方面相同时,用“as+形容词(副词)原级+as”的结构;表示双方不相同时,用“not so(as)+形容词(副词)原级+as”结构表示
14、。如:There are a small number of people involved,possibly as few as twenty.只有少数人被卷入进来,可能只有二十人。This building looks not so(as)high as that one.这栋楼看起来不如那栋楼高。-18-高考感悟 考点归纳 一 三 二 四 五常用as.as 结构的词组:1.as long as 只要I will work as long as I live.只要活着,我就要工作。2.as far as 远到;就而言As far as I know,he is reliable.就我所知,
15、他是一个可靠的人。3.as high as 高达The average cost of one day in a hospital in that country can run as high as$400.在那个国家里一天的平均住院费用可高达400美元。-19-高考感悟 考点归纳 一 三 二 四 五4.as soon as 一就I will call you up as soon as I get there.我一到那里就给你打电话。5.as well as 既又;和一样好He who plays the piano as well as his father has experience
16、 as well as knowledge.他钢琴弹得和他父亲一样好,而且既有知识又有经验。6.as good as 与一样;几乎;简直;和一样好He as good as called me a coward.他就差说我是懦夫了。-20-高考感悟 考点归纳 一 三 二 四 五1.A is+倍数+比较级+than+B2.A is+倍数+as+原级+as+B3.A is+倍数+the+名词(size,length,height 等)+of+B4.A is+倍数+that+of+B5.A is+倍数+what引导的名词性从句-21-高考感悟 考点归纳 一 三 二 四 五This building
17、is thr ee times higher than that one.这个建筑物比那个建筑物高两倍。This building is thr ee times as high as that one.This building is thr ee times the height of that one.这个建筑物是那个建筑物的三倍高。The output of this year is 3 times that of 2013.=The output of this year is 3 times what it was in 2013.今年的产量是2013年的三倍。Its said t
18、hat the power plant is now twice as large as what it was.据说,现在这个发电厂是原来的两倍大了。-22-高考感悟 考点归纳 一 三 二 四 五有些动词的分词可以用作形容词,在该形容词后加-ly 则可以构成相应的副词。-23-高考感悟 考点归纳 一 三 二 四 五-24-.单句填空1.You can imagine how(terrible)shy I was with so many eyes fixed on me.(2016 河北“五个一名校联盟”质量监测)2.The study found that worms eating Sty
19、rofoam were as(health)as worms eating bran(糠).(2016 河南八市重点中学质量检测)3.His wife,Marion,seventy-eight,was looking(nervous)at him.(2016 合肥第一次质检)1.terribly修饰形容词应用副词,故用副词terribly 修饰形容词shy 做状语。2.healthy系动词后用形容词做表语,故填healthy。3.nervously副词做状语修饰动词,故填nervously。-25-4.Sammy,shocked and(speech),went back to work as
20、 a crowd gathered at the scene.(2016 合肥第一次质检)5.It might be(easy)to push the car backward,Sammy thought.(2016 合肥第一次质检)6.I suppose my family(real)influenced me while I was growing up.(2016 福建毕业班单科质检)4.speechless与shocked 并列,根据语境可知,应填speechless。5.easier考查形容词的比较级。根据语境可知,向前推车不好推,所以他想向后面推可能更容易,故填easier。6.r
21、eally根据空后的influenced 可以判断,空处修饰动词,故用该词的副词形式really。-26-7.(sad),people can no longer visit the cave.However,another set of cave paintings has been created.(2016 郑州第二次质量预测)8.After that,I realized that though high school life in China is harder,it can give us(much).(2016 石家庄质检一)7.Sadly由该句结构可知,空处位于句首做状语,修
22、饰整个句子,故用副词形式。8.more根据语境可知,此处表示虽然中国高中生活更累,但能给予“我们”更多,故用比较级more。-27-9.Art may express and reflect the(religion),political,and economical aspects of cultures.(2016 山西考前质检)10.Of all the ways to prove yourself,eating hot dogs against the clock is surely the(strange).(2016 重庆第二次诊断)1 1.It must take place i
23、n a(care)controlled environment,under the guidance of your doctor.(2016 重庆第二次诊断)9.religious空处与后面的political 和economical 并列,应用形容词形式。故填religious。10.strangest考查形容词最高级。由定冠词the 及句意可知,这里说这种证明自己的方式是最奇特的,因此应用形容词最高级。1 1.carefully此处修饰controlled 需要用副词。-28-12.A place in which people can(free)socialize and expres
24、s their ideas?(2016 山西第二次四校联考)13.Of all the cities in the world,one of the top six(healthy)cities is Copenhagen,Denmark.(2016 山西第二次四校联考)12.freely修饰动词短语socialize and express their ideas,应用副词freely。13.healthiest考查形容词的最高级。此处表示“最健康的六大城市之一”,应用形容词最高级。-29-14.If I meet with school violence,I will not answer
25、 violence with violence,for it will result in(much)fighting.(2016 福建五校毕业班统考)15.She did my first two operations when I was a baby,which were the most important and(effect).(2016 山东潍坊第一次统考)14.more考查比较级。句意:如果我遇到校园暴力,我不会以暴制暴,因为这会导致更多的打斗。根据句意可知,空处应使用比较级。15.effective根据and 前的important 可知,空处应用形容词effective与i
26、mportant 并列。-30-16.Dr.Barone was my doctor when I was a kid,and even though I was(probable)just another patient to her,to me she was(much)than just my doctor.(2016 山东潍坊第一次统考)17.Besides,fares in China are(afford).(2016 重庆一诊)16.probably此处应用副词probably 在句子中做状语。more由than 可知,此处应用比较级形式,即more。17.affordable此
27、处应用形容词做表语。affordable 意为“负担得起的”,符合语境。-31-18.The new road to be built will be three times the(wide)of the old one.19.Lucy saved her pocket money so that she could buy as good a bicycleher friends.20.I think watching TV every evening is a waste of timethere are(many)meaningful things to do.18.width句意:要
28、建的新公路是旧公路的三倍宽。这里是倍数表达句式:A is+倍数+the+名词(size,length,height 等)+of+B 的用法。故用wide 的名词形式。19.as句意:露西攒下零花钱,目的是为了买一辆和朋友的一样好的自行车。这里是“as+形容词(+a/an)+名词+as”结构,故填as。20.more句意:我认为每天晚上看电视是浪费时间有更多有意义的事情去做。故填more“更多的”。-32-.单句改错1.I used to be poorly in spoken English.(2016 河南八市重点中学质量检测)2.My father was please when I sh
29、owed him the money a month after.(2016 四川绵阳第二次诊断)1.poorlypoor此处应用形容词做表语。2.pleasepleased此处表示“当我给爸爸看这些钱时他很高兴”,故改为pleased。afterlater。此处表示“一个月以后”,故改为later。-33-3.My mother was very worrying when I told her.(2016 广州毕业班测试一)4.Clear,someone had left it there by accident.(2016 兰州诊断)3.worryingworried妈妈很担心,主语为人
30、,应用worried,worrying“令人担忧的”。4.ClearClearly根据逗号的提示可知,此处应用副词做状语,修饰整个句子。-34-5.Im either skilled in using computers.(2016 石家庄质检二)6.Im looking forward to your kindly reply at your earliest convenience.(2016 石家庄质检二)5.eitheralso(除了英语、美术不错,)“我”还擅长使用计算机,also表示“也”。either 也表示“也”,但是常用在否定句中。6.kindlykind修饰名词reply
31、应用形容词。-35-7.Two years before,I was admitted to a high school.(2016 河北三市第二次联考)8.I felt proudly and superior.(2016 河北三市第二次联考)9.I was shocking.(2016 河北三市第二次联考)7.beforeago两年前“我”被一所高中录取。two years ago 意为“两年前”,与一般过去时连用。8.proudlyproudfeel 为系动词,后接形容词,故用形容词proud。9.shockingshocked该句主语为I,应用形容词shocked,意为“震惊的”;sh
32、ocking 形容物,意为“令人震惊的”。-36-10.But my listeners were waiting patient.(2016 郑州第一次质检)1 1.Of course,if you develop a better habit,you will benefit a lot from it.(2016 昆明两区七校调研)12.All of a sudden,I kicked the ball so hardly that it flew right onto a vase and broke it.(2016 山西第二次四校联考)10.patientpatiently修饰动词
33、应用副词形式。1 1.bettergood根据语境可知,此处并没有表示比较的含义,故用形容词原级。12.hardlyhard“踢球用力”应用副词hard;hardly 意为“几乎不”。-37-13.Short after it was launched,the pie committee went to the local inn to celebrate.(2016 广东五校协作体第一次联考)14.Im quitely interested in this job.(2016 兰州高三实战)15.They provide us with food,wood and most important,oxygen.13.ShortShortlyshortly after 是固定搭配,意为“不久后”。14.quitelyquitequite本身就是副词。故改为quite。15.importantimportantly此处most importantly 是在修饰谓语动词provide,故用副词。句意:它们为我们提供了食物和木头,更重要的是提供了氧气。