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1、核心考点五连词与介词核心考点五连词与介词语言学习的基础语言学习的基础【考向聚焦考向聚焦】历历年年高高考考题题中中至至少少有有一一道道题题要要考考到到连连词词或或介介词词。介介词词的的考考查查形形式式多多样样，除除了了单单纯纯考考查查介介词词外外，还还常常考考查查介介词词与与其其他他词词的的搭搭配配。此此外外，在在定定语语从从句句中中，也也常常考考查查“介介词词关关系系代代词词”的的用用法法。有有些些介介词词的的考考查查频频率率较较高高，如如with，beyond。连连词词考考查查较较多多的的有有：but和和while，“祈祈使使句句and/or并并列列句句”中的中的and和和or；另外，；另外
2、，for作作为为并列并列连词连词的用法也是一考点。的用法也是一考点。见见WordWord版考点真题研练版考点真题研练【典典例例1】Four Chinese models were _ the 14 people awarded prizes on Friday at the World Supermodel Competition.(2009上海上海)Aamong Bbetween Calong Dbeside解解析析考考查查介介词词的的用用法法。among表表示示“三三者者或或三三者者以以上上的的同同类类事事物物之之间间”；between表表示示“在在两两者者之之间间”；along表表示示“
3、沿沿着着”；beside表表示示“在在旁旁边边”。根根据据题题干干中中“在在获获奖奖的的14个个人人里边，中国模特占里边，中国模特占4人人”可知，选可知，选A项。项。答案答案A介词的普通用法介词的普通用法 【典典例例2】He invited me to a dance after the show _ Christmas Eve.(2009陕西陕西)Aat Bon Cin Dby解解析析考考查查介介词词的的用用法法。at Christmas表表示示在在圣圣诞诞期期间间；介介词词on后后接接具具体体的的某某一一天天。此此处处表表示示在在圣圣诞诞节节前前夕夕，故故用介词用介词on。答案答案B【典典
4、例例3】Nowadays some hospitals refer to patients _ name,not case number.(2010江西江西)Aof Bas Cby Dwith解解析析句句意意：如如今今一一些些医医院院以以名名字字来来叫叫病病人人，而而不不是是以以病病历历号号。考考查查固固定定短短语语。by表表“方方式式”。A：表表示示所所属属关关系系；B：“作为作为”；D：“用用”，后面加所用的工具。，后面加所用的工具。答案答案C【典典例例4】_ the crisis of economy getting more and more serious,the governmen
5、t is searching for ways to improve peoples life.(2013扬州调研扬州调研)AAs BWith CWhen DIf解解析析句句意意：随随着着经经济济危危机机变变得得越越来来越越严严重重，政政府府正正在在想想方方设设法法改改善善人人们们的的生生活活。这这里里the crisis of economy getting more and more serious是是一一个个短短语语，所所以以应应该该用用介词介词with，表示伴随；而，表示伴随；而as,when和和if后面都要跟句子。后面都要跟句子。答案答案B1When do we need to pa
6、y the balance?_ September 30.AIn BBy CDuring DWithin解解析析in，during和和within后后都都接接时时间间段段。by后后接接时时间间点点，意为意为“不迟于不迟于”，“在在之前之前”。答案答案B2Luckily，the bullet narrowly missed the captain _ an inch.Aby Bat Cto Dfrom解解析析句句意意：子子弹弹以以一一寸寸之之差差未未击击中中上上尉尉的的头头部部。by可可表表示示时时间间、空空间间、距距离离等等数数量量的的相相差差，其其他他介介词词无无此此用用法。法。答案答案A3
7、A great person is always putting others interests _ his own.Abelow Babove Cin Don解解析析句句意意：伟伟人人总总是是把把他他人人的的利利益益置置于于个个人人利利益益之之上上。above意为意为“在在上方上方”符合句意。符合句意。答案答案B4_ the production up by 60%,the company has had another excellent year.AAs BFor CWith DThrough解解析析句句意意：由由于于产产量量增增长长了了60%，该该公公司司又又有有一一个个丰丰收年。收
8、年。答案答案C介词介词with的用法主要有的用法主要有1表示表示“和和在一起在一起”，“由由陪同陪同”或或“有有在场在场”The students went to the farm with their teachers.学生们与他们的老师一起去了农场。学生们与他们的老师一起去了农场。2表示表示“随着随着”With time passing,they have grown into big boys and big girls.随着时间的流逝，他们已经长成大小伙子和大姑娘了。随着时间的流逝，他们已经长成大小伙子和大姑娘了。3with后面加复合宾语，说明附带情况后面加复合宾语，说明附带情况He
9、likes to sleep with the windows open.他喜欢开着窗户睡觉。他喜欢开着窗户睡觉。4表示表示“具有；带有；包括具有；带有；包括在内在内”China is a country with a long history.中国是个历史悠久的国家。中国是个历史悠久的国家。5表示原因或理由表示原因或理由The little girl was trembling with fear.这个小女孩吓得发抖。这个小女孩吓得发抖。【典典例例5】When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster,many teachers wo
10、uld prefer to see him step aside _ younger men.(2011湖北，湖北，30)Ain terms of Bin need ofCin favor of Din praise of介词短语介词短语 解解析析句句意意：在在被被问问到到他他们们对对校校长长的的看看法法时时，很很多多老老师师说说他他们们宁宁愿愿看看到到他他让让贤贤于于更更年年轻轻的的人人。考考查查介介词词短短语语辨辨析析。句句中中的的step aside表表示示“让让位位，让让开开”，后后面面接接介介词词短短语语in favor of表表示示这这些些老老师师更更赞赞成成起起用用更更年年轻轻的
11、的人人。A.就就而而言言；B.需需要；要；D.表扬，称赞。表扬，称赞。答案答案C【典典例例6】More and more highrise buildings have been built in big cities _ space.(2010福建福建)Ain search of Bin place of Cfor lack of Dfor fear of解解析析“介介词词名名词词介介词词短短语语”多多由由in和和for开开头头，常常见见的的有有in favour of(赞赞成成)，in honour of(为为了了纪纪念念，为为向向表表示示敬敬意意，为为庆庆祝祝)，for fear of(
12、以以免免)等等，如如上上题题，for lack of(由于缺乏由于缺乏)，选，选C。答案答案C【典典例例7】We give dogs time,space and love we can spare,and _，dogs give us their all.(2010江西江西)Ain all Bin fact Cin short Din return解解析析“介介词词名名词词”构构成成的的固固定定短短语语也也是是高高考考的的常常考考点点，因因此此，熟熟记记介介词词短短语语的的意意义义是是辨辨析析语语意意的的关关键键。常常见见的的介介词词短短语语主主要要由由by,for,in,on等等“活活跃跃
13、介介词词名名词词”构构成成，如如 by chance/accident(偶偶 然然)，on purpose(故故 意意)，in return(反过来反过来)，选，选D。答案答案D5Do you think this shirt is too tight _ the shoulders?Aat Bon Cto Dacross解解析析考考查查介介词词。句句意意：你你觉觉得得这这件件衬衬衣衣的的肩肩部部是是不不是是太太紧了？紧了？across表示表示“从一边到另一边从一边到另一边”，符合句意。，符合句意。答案答案D6An agreement seems to be impossible becaus
14、e the majority of the committee members are _ it.Aagainst Bfor Cto Dwith解解析析考考查查介介词词的的用用法法。句句意意：达达成成协协议议似似乎乎不不可可能能，因因为大多数委员会成员反对。为大多数委员会成员反对。against“反对反对”，符合句意。，符合句意。答案答案A7The furniture，with its modern style and bright colors，suits modern houses and their gardens，but looks _ in the garden of a tradi
15、tional home.Aout of question Bout of orderCout of sight Dout of place解解析析考考查查介介词词短短语语辨辨析析。句句意意：这这款款家家具具款款式式时时尚尚，颜颜色色鲜鲜艳艳，适适合合放放在在现现代代化化的的房房子子和和花花园园里里，但但是是放放在在传传统统住住宅宅的的花花园园里里就就显显得得不不伦伦不不类类了了。out of question“没没问问题题”；out of order“出出故故障障”；out of sight“看看不不见见”；out of place“不适当，不得体不适当，不得体”。答案答案D1动词介词动词介词
16、account for说说明明agree on对对达达成成协协议议begin with以以开开始始come across碰碰见见go into调调查查keep from阻阻止止look for寻寻找找stand for代代表表agree with 同同意意(某某人人意意见见)answer for对对负负责责wait for等等待待decide on对对作作出出决决定定head for向向前前进进live on靠靠生生活活look into调调查查stick to坚坚持持agree to同同意意(某某种种安安排排等等)aim at针针对对call for要要求求get into进进入入hear
17、from接接到到的的信信、电电话话look after照照顾顾run into碰碰到到wait on招待招待2动词副词介词动词副词介词add up to合合计计达达come up with提提出出get on with与与相相处处融融洽洽look down upon看看不不起起look up to敬敬仰仰(某某人人)put up with忍忍受受come up against遭遭到到反反对对do away with废废除除keep up with跟跟上上look forward to盼盼望望make up for弥弥补补stand out for坚坚决决要要求求come up to达达到到ge
18、t down to开开始始认认真真考考虑虑live up to不不辜辜负负(期期望望)look out for当心当心run out of用完用完stick out for坚持要求坚持要求3动词名词介词动词名词介词catch sight of突然看见突然看见make room for为为腾出地方腾出地方take pride in以以为荣为荣make friends with和和交朋交朋友友pay attention to注意注意show interest in对对感兴趣感兴趣make fun of取笑取笑take care of照顾照顾take part in参加参加【典典例例8】We had
19、nt planned to meet.We met _ chance.Aof Bin Cfor Dby解析解析by chance为固定搭配，意为为固定搭配，意为“偶然偶然”。答案答案D含有介词的成语含有介词的成语 【典典例例9】His efforts to raise money for his program were _ because no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets.Ain place Bin sight Cin effect Din vain解解析析句句意意：他他为为这这个个项项目目筹筹集集
20、资资金金的的努努力力徒徒劳劳无无功功，因因为为没没有有人人愿愿意意从从腰腰包包里里掏掏一一分分钱钱。in vain意意为为“徒徒劳劳”，符合句意。符合句意。答案答案D【典典例例10】I would like a job which pays more，but _ I enjoy the work Im doing at the moment.Ain other words Bon the other handCfor one thing Das a matter of fact解解析析句句意意：我我想想得得到到一一份份薪薪水水更更高高的的工工作作，但但另另一一方方面面我我也也很很喜喜欢欢目目前
21、前正正做做的的这这份份工工作作。on the other hand意意为为“另一方面另一方面”，符合句意。，符合句意。答案答案B8He was a good student and scored _ average in most subjects.Abelow Bof Con Dabove解解析析考考查查介介词词词词义义辨辨析析。句句意意：他他是是一一个个好好学学生生，大大多多数数学学科科的的分分数数在在平平均均分分之之上上。above表表示示“(数数目目、数数量量、水平、年龄水平、年龄)超过，多于超过，多于”，符合句意。，符合句意。答案答案D9Sometimes proper answer
22、s are not far to seek _ food safety problems.Ain Bto Con Dafter解解析析考考查查介介词词。句句意意：有有时时候候，解解决决食食品品安安全全问问题题的的答答案案并并不不太太难难寻寻求求。answer to表表示示“(问问题题)的的答答案案”，是是固固定定搭搭配配。本本句句中中的的food safety problems被被从从proper answers的的后后面面移移至至现现在在的的位位置置，从从而而加加大大了了此此题题的的解解题题难度。难度。答案答案B揭密常考的介词成语揭密常考的介词成语(1)含有含有at的成语的成语at a ti
23、me一一次次at least至至少少at the same time同同时时,at all costs不不惜惜一一切切代代价价at most至至多多at times有有时时候候at first最最初初at once立立即即at will任任意意地地at last最最后后at present目前目前at work起作用起作用(2)含含有有by的的成成语语,by accident偶偶然然by day/night白白天天/夜夜间间by heart能能背背诵诵by turns轮轮流流by birth出出身身by no means绝绝不不,by chance偶偶然然by mistake错错误误地地by
24、the way顺顺便便说说一一下下by chance偶偶然然by mistake错错误误地地by the way顺顺便便说一下说一下(3)含含有有in的的成成语语,in a sense从从某某种种意意义义上上说说in case假假使使in fact实实际际上上,in ones opinion在在某某人人看看来来in other words换换句句话话说说in short总总之之in the long run从从长长远远来来看看in advance事事先先in store必必将将发发生生in general一一般般说说来来in no time立立刻刻in public公公开开地地in vain徒
25、徒劳劳in time及及时时,in the meantime同同时时in danger处处于于危危险险中中in turn轮轮流流in order井井井井有有条条in return作为回报作为回报in the end最后最后in all总共总共(4)含含有有on的的成成语语,on average平平均均on foot步步行行on sale在在出出售售on the way在在途途中中on business出出差差on holiday在在休休假假on strike罢罢工工on time准准时时on duty值值日日on behalf of代代表表on the contrary相相反反on the s
26、pot当当场场on fire着着火火on purpose故故意地意地on the other hand另一方面另一方面(5)含有含有out of的成语的成语,out of breath气喘吁吁气喘吁吁out of date过时过时out of order发发生故障生故障out of patience失去耐心失去耐心out of work失失业业,out of control失去控制失去控制out of doors 在在户户外外out of question毫无疑毫无疑问问out of reach拿不到拿不到out of the question不可能不可能out of danger脱脱险险ou
27、t of fashion不合不合时时尚尚out of luck倒霉倒霉out of shape变变形形out of touch失去失去联联系系【典典例例11】Find ways to praise your children often，_ youll find they will open their hearts to you.(2011山东山东)Atill Bor Cand Dbut解解析析句句意意：设设法法常常常常表表扬扬你你的的孩孩子子，这这样样你你就就会会发发现现他他们们会会向向你你敞敞开开心心扉扉。考考查查并并列列连连词词。从从句句意意连连贯贯判判断断应用应用and表顺承关系。表
28、顺承关系。答案答案C并列连词并列连词 【典例典例12】They wanted to charge$5,000 for the car,_we managed to bring the price down.Abut Bso Cwhen Dsince解析解析两个分句之间是转折关系，故用并列连词两个分句之间是转折关系，故用并列连词but。答案答案A【典典例例13】In some places women are expected to earn money _ men work at home and raise their children.Abut Bwhile Cbecause Dthoug
29、h解解析析此此处处是是对对women和和men的的分分工工进进行行对对比比，故故用用while，而不用而不用but。答案答案B【典典例例14】John plays basketball well，_ his favorite is badminton.Aso Bor Cyet Dfor解析解析yet是并列连词，表示转折。是并列连词，表示转折。答案答案C【典典例例15】He found it increasingly difficult to read，_ his eyesight was beginning to fail.Athough BFor Cbut Dso解析解析for在此引出表示原
30、因的并列分句。在此引出表示原因的并列分句。答案答案B【典典例例16】Stand over there _ youll be able to see the oil painting better.Abut Btill Cand Dor解解析析此此并并列列句句的的结结构构为为“祈祈使使句句and陈陈述述句句”。祈祈使使句表示条件，句表示条件，and在此引出表示结果的并列分句。在此引出表示结果的并列分句。答案答案C10Try to read stories in English and speak in English whenever you can，_ you will see more pr
31、ogress over time.Abut Bor Cand Dso解解析析这这是是一一个个“祈祈使使句句and陈陈述述句句”结结构构。后后面面的的陈陈述述句表达的是前面祈使句顺承的结果，所以用句表达的是前面祈使句顺承的结果，所以用and。答案答案C11I wonder how much you charge for your services.The first two are free _ the third costs$30.Awhile Buntil Cwhen Dbefore解析解析while是并列连词，表示对比，意为是并列连词，表示对比，意为“而而”。答案答案A12It is of
32、ten said that the joy of traveling is _ in arriving at your destination _ in the journey itself.A/；but B/；or Cnot；or Dnot；but解解析析not.but.构构成成固固定定句句式式，意意为为“不不而而”，but为并列连词。为并列连词。答案答案D13I thought wed be late for the concert，_ we ended up getting there ahead of time.Abut Bor Cso Dfor解析解析两个分句在意义上是转折关系，故用
33、两个分句在意义上是转折关系，故用but。答案答案A14You have failed two tests.Youd better start working harder,_you wont pass the course.Aand Bso Cbut Dor解解析析考考查查“祈祈使使句句and/or陈陈述述句句”。因因为为祈祈使使句句与与后后面面的陈述句所表达的内容是对立的关系，故用的陈述句所表达的内容是对立的关系，故用or(否则否则)。答案答案D15Help others whenever you can_you will make the world a nicer place to li
34、ve in.Aand Bso Cbut Dor解解析析此此并并列列句句的的结结构构为为“祈祈使使句句and陈陈述述句句”。and意为意为“那么那么”，引出表示结果的并列分句。，引出表示结果的并列分句。答案答案A做并列连词的做并列连词的when和和while(1)when还还可可用用作作并并列列连连词词，其其意意思思为为“这这时时，那那时时”，相相当当于于and at this/that time。常常用用于于下下列列句句式式：sb was doing sth when.sb was about to do/going to do/on the point of doing sth when.s
35、b had just done sth when.如：如：We were having a meeting when someone broke in.我们正在开会，这时突然有人闯了进来。我们正在开会，这时突然有人闯了进来。We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain.我们正打算动身，这时突然下起了雨。我们正打算动身，这时突然下起了雨。(2)while作为并列连词，意为作为并列连词，意为“而，却而，却”，表示对比。如：，表示对比。如：He likes pop music，while I am fond of folk music.他喜欢流行音乐，而我喜欢民间音乐。他喜欢流行音乐，而我喜欢民间音乐。见见WordWord版考点模拟训练版考点模拟训练